337 research outputs found
Notes on wormhole existence in scalar-tensor and F(R) gravity
Some recent papers have claimed the existence of static, spherically
symmetric wormhole solutions to gravitational field equations in the absence of
ghost (or phantom) degrees of freedom. We show that in some such cases the
solutions in question are actually not of wormhole nature while in cases where
a wormhole is obtained, the effective gravitational constant G_eff is negative
in some region of space, i.e., the graviton becomes a ghost. In particular, it
is confirmed that there are no vacuum wormhole solutions of the Brans-Dicke
theory with zero potential and the coupling constant \omega > -3/2, except for
the case \omega = 0; in the latter case, G_eff < 0 in the region beyond the
throat. The same is true for wormhole solutions of F(R) gravity: special
wormhole solutions are only possible if F(R) contains an extremum at which
G_eff changes its sign.Comment: 7 two-column pages, no figures, to appear in Grav. Cosmol. A misprint
corrected, references update
Multidimensional world, inflation and modern acceleration
Starting from pure multidimensional gravity with curvature-nonlinear terms
but no matter fields in the initial action, we obtain a cosmological model with
two effective scalar fields related to the size of two extra factor spaces. The
model includes both an early inflationary stage and that of modern accelerated
expansion and satisfies the observational data. There are no small parameters;
the effective inflaton mass depends on the initial conditions which explain its
small value as compared to the Planck mass. At the modern stage, the size of
extra dimensions slowly increases, therefore this model predicts drastic
changes in the physical laws of our Universe in the remote future.Comment: 7 two-column revtex pages, 2 figure
Magnetic black universes and wormholes with a phantom scalar
We construct explicit examples of globally regular static, spherically
symmetric solutions in general relativity with scalar and electromagnetic
fields which describe traversable wormholes (with flat and AdS asymptotics) and
regular black holes, in particular, black universes. A black universe is a
nonsingular black hole where, beyond the horizon, instead of a singularity,
there is an expanding, asymptotically isotropic universe. The scalar field in
these solutions is phantom (i.e., its kinetic energy is negative), minimally
coupled to gravity and has a nonzero self-interaction potential. The
configurations obtained are quite diverse and contain different numbers of
Killing horizons, from zero to four. This substantially widens the list of
known structures of regular black hole configurations. Such models can be of
interest both as descriptions of local objects (black holes and wormholes) and
as a basis for building nonsingular cosmological scenarios.Comment: 13 pages, 6 figure
Extra dimensions as a source of the electroweak model
The Higgs boson of the Standard model is described by a set of off-diagonal
components of the multidimensional metric tensor, as well as the gauge fields.
In the low-energy limit, the basic properties of the Higgs boson are
reproduced, including the shape of the potential and interactions with the
gauge fields of the electroweak part of the Standard model.Comment: 11 pages, revtex4. Some wording changed, misprints corrected, 1
reference adde
Magneto-dilatonic Bianchi-I cosmology: isotropization and singularity problems
We study the evolution of Bianchi-I space-times filled with a global
unidirectional electromagnetic field interacting with a massless
scalar dilatonic field according to the law \Psi(\phi) F^{mn} F_{mn} where
\Psi(\phi) > 0 is an arbitrary function. A qualitative study, among other
results, shows that (i) the volume factor always evolves monotonically, (ii)
there exist models becoming isotropic at late times and (iii) the expansion
generically starts from a singularity but there can be special models starting
from a Killing horizon preceded by a static stage. All these features are
confirmed for exact solutions found for the usually considered case \Psi =
e^{2\lambda\phi}, \lambda = const. In particular, isotropizing models are found
for |\lambda| > 1/\sqrt{3}. In the special case |\lambda| = 1, which
corresponds to models of string origin, the string metric behaviour is studied
and shown to be qualitatively similar to that of the Einstein frame metric.Comment: Latex2e, 10 page
Trapped ghosts: a new class of wormholes
We construct examples of static, spherically symmetric wormhole solutions in
general relativity with a minimally coupled scalar field whose kinetic
energy is negative in a restricted region of space near the throat (of
arbitrary size) and positive far from it. Thus in such configurations a "ghost"
is trapped in the strong-field region, which may in principle explain why no
ghosts are observed under usual conditions. Some properties of general wormhole
models with the field are revealed: it is shown that (i) trapped-ghost
wormholes are only possible with nonzero potentials ; (ii) in twice
asymptotically flat wormholes, a nontrivial potential has an
alternate sign, and (iii) a twice asymptotically flat wormhole which is
mirror-symmetric with respect to its throat has necessarily a zero
Schwarzschild mass at both asymptotics.Comment: 4.2 pages, 4 figures. Version to appear in CQ
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