Allele Frequencies of Alpha-1-Antitrypsin (PI) in the Balkans

The phenotype and allele frequencies of alpha-1-antitrypsin has been studied by an IEF technique (pH 4.2–4.9) in ten population samples from the Balkans. The allele frequencies varied from 0.6667 to 0.7361 (*M1), 0.1100 to 0.1793 (*M2), 0.0992 to 0.1700 (*M3), 0 to 0.0105 (* S), 0 to 0.0078 (*Z) and 0 to 0.0172 (others). The results were compared with data from South and Middle European populations from the literature. Most of the populations form a cluster with small genetic distances, and a weak relationship to geographical distributions. In contrast, the samples from Southern France, the Iberian Peninsula and Madeira form a clearly separated cluster. The differences are mainly based on high frequencies of PI*S in the latter populations

Risk governance in organizations

Dieses Buch dokumentiert 10 Jahre Risk-Governance-Forschung an der Universität Siegen. In 50 Beiträgen reflektieren Forscher und Praktiker Risk Governance vor dem Hintergrund ihrer eigenen Forschungen und/oder Erfahrungen und geben jeweils einen Entwicklungsimpuls für die Zukunft der Risk Governance. Das Buch zeigt die große Bandbreite und Tiefe des Forschungsgebietes auf und diskutiert Grundannahmen, Implementierungsfragen, die Rolle der Risk Governance als Transformationsmotor, ihre Wirkung in den verschiedenen betrieblichen Funktionen, Entwicklungsperspektiven und den Beitrag der Risk Governance zu einer nachhaltigen Ausrichtung von Unternehmen.This book documents 10 years of risk governance research at the University of Siegen. In 50 contributions, researchers and practitioners reflect on risk governance against the background of their own research and/or experience and provide a development impetus for the future of risk governance. The book shows the wide range and depth of the research field and discusses basic assumptions, implementation issues, the role of risk governance as transformation engine, its impact in the various operational functions, development perspectives, and the contribution of risk governance to a sustainable orientation of companies

Highly active ethylene oligomerization catalysts

Reaction of RN(H)PBr(Ph)2N(H)R [R = t-Bu, i-Pr, Ph] with two equivalents of n-BuLi followed by reaction with CrCl2(THF)2 afforded the divalent chromium complexes [(t-Bu)NP(Ph)2N(t-Bu)]Cr(µ2-Cl)2Li(THF)2 (1), [(i-Pr)NP(Ph)2N(i-Pr)]Cr(µ2-Cl)2Li(THF)2 (2), and [{[(Ph)NP(Ph)2N(Ph)]Cr}2(µ2-Cl)3][Li(DME)3] (3). The trivalent analogue of 1, {[(t-Bu)NP(Ph)2N(t-Bu)]Cr(µ2-Cl)3(µ3-Cl)2}{Li (THF)2} (4), was obtained in a similar manner via treatment of the double deprotonated ligand with CrCl3(THF)3. Both reactions of the divalent1 or trivalent4 with AlMe3 yielded the trivalent and cationic complex {[(t-Bu)NP(Ph)2N(t-Bu)]2Cr}{(Me3Al)2Cl}·toluene (5). Upon activation with MAO, 1–3 produced unprecedented and potentially useful catalytic systems for nonselective ethylene oligomerization devoid of polymer. Divalent chromium is clearly the species responsible for the catalytic behavior, ruling out that nonselective oligomerization proceeds via a redox metallacycle mechanism. The absence of polymer in combination with the record activity makes 1 competitive with the best performing industrially used systems