Microbleeds, Cerebral Hemorrhage, and Functional Outcome After Stroke Thrombolysis: Individual Patient Data Meta-Analysis

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: We assessed whether the presence, number, and distribution of cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) on pre-intravenous thrombolysis MRI scans of acute ischemic stroke patients are associated with an increased risk of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) or poor functional outcome. METHODS: We performed an individual patient data meta-analysis, including prospective and retrospective studies of acute ischemic stroke treated with intravenous tissue-type plasminogen activator. Using multilevel mixed-effects logistic regression, we investigated associations of pre-treatment CMB presence, burden (1, 2-4, ≥5, and >10), and presumed pathogenesis (cerebral amyloid angiopathy defined as strictly lobar CMBs and noncerebral amyloid angiopathy) with symptomatic ICH, parenchymal hematoma (within [parenchymal hemorrhage, PH] and remote from the ischemic area [remote parenchymal hemorrhage, PHr]), and poor 3- to 6-month functional outcome (modified Rankin score >2). RESULTS: In 1973 patients from 8 centers, the crude prevalence of CMBs was 526 of 1973 (26.7%). A total of 77 of 1973 (3.9%) patients experienced symptomatic ICH, 210 of 1806 (11.6%) experienced PH, and 56 of 1720 (3.3%) experienced PHr. In adjusted analyses, patients with CMBs (compared with those without CMBs) had increased risk of PH (odds ratio: 1.50; 95% confidence interval: 1.09-2.07; P=0.013) and PHr (odds ratio: 3.04; 95% confidence interval: 1.73-5.35; P10 CMBs independently predicted poor 3- to 6-month outcome (odds ratio: 1.85; 95% confidence interval: 1.10-3.12; P=0.020; and odds ratio: 3.99; 95% confidence interval: 1.55-10.22; P=0.004, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Increasing CMB burden is associated with increased risk of ICH (including PHr) and poor 3- to 6-month functional outcome after intravenous thrombolysis for acute ischemic stroke

Self-adaptive correlation method for soft defect detection in cable by reflectometry

Conference of 13th IEEE SENSORS Conference, SENSORS 2014 ; Conference Date: 2 November 2014 Through 5 November 2014; Conference Code:112210International audienceThe self-adaptive correlation method (SACM), based on a temporal processing, consists in treating the reflectogram in order to amplify the signatures of soft defects and make them more easily detectable. The algorithm amplifies any signature correlated with the injection pulse. Amplification is more important as the amplitude of the soft defect is low, and reciprocally. Thus, this method allows to highlight the soft defect while attenuating the noise present on the reflectogram. The term "self-adaptive" means that the gain is automatically adjusted depending on the amplitude of the soft defect signature. This method is applicable to different reflectometry techniques with different waveforms and different position of the defect in the cable. This innovative approach has the advantage of reducing the computational complexity compared to the state of the art

Soft defects localization by signature magnification with selective windowing

Conference of 14th IEEE SENSORS ; Conference Date: 1 November 2015 Through 4 November 2015; Conference Code:118927International audienceThe SMSW (Signature Magnification by Selective Windowing) method, based on a temporal processing treat the reflectogram so as to make soft defect signatures detectable. The algorithm first performs a localization of critical points of the reflectogram (zero-crossing or mean-crossing). Then, it selects points having enough energy in both sides (above threshold). This threshold is to be determined statistically or set depending on the application. Once the defect area is windowed, we proceed to the magnification procedure which amplify the defect signature while reducing the noise level on the reflectogram. The proposed method shows very convincing results both in simulation and experiments and for different types of cable and transmission line. We have demonstrated and assessed its applicability on coaxial cables, twisted pair and micro-strip lines. We found that we achieve a gain even with low SNR (Signal to Noise Ratio)

Joint self-adaptive correlation method and modified empirical mode decomposition for soft defect detection in cable by reflectometry

International audienceIn a previous paper, we have introduced an innovative approach called the self-adaptive correlation method (SACM). It consists in treating the reflectogram in order to amplify the signatures of soft defects and make them more easily detectable. This method allows to highlight the soft defect while attenuating the noise present on the reflectogram and has the advantage of reducing the computational complexity compared to the state of the art. We drew attention to the sensitivity of the performance of this method to noise. In this paper, we propose a solution for the pre-denoising of reflectogram before applying the SACM. This solution consists of an adapted version of the empirical mode decomposition algorithm, we called MEMD for Modified Empirical Mode Decomposition which bypasses some limitations of the conventional EMD

Assessment and heavy metal behaviors of industrial waste water: A case study of Riyadh city, Saudi Arabia

Abstract This study focuses on the temporal monitoring and chemical analysis of two pathways, unpadded and open drain canal, of the surface industrials effluent on industrial city of Riyadh city, Saudi Arabia. µg L -1 ), and then Cd (8.02 µg L -1 ). The monitoring of wastewater heavy metals concentrations (determined on filtrate for both pathway) recorded that the concentration of Fe, Mo, Zn, Cd, Pb, As, Ni, and Mn decreased from (60-100 µg L -1 ) at point sources to be (5-10 µg L -1 ) at 1000 m from point sources, however no clear behavior was recorded for Cu and Co. Moreover the concentrations of all heavy metals by the last sampling point on downstream were remained at 10 µg L -1 or less. The study emphasis that continuous application of industrial wastewater on Riyadh environment will lead to more accumulation of heavy metals in the soil and natural plants, and also high possibilities of groundwater contamination by nitrate

Trichroic infrared analysis of the strain-induced structural changes in the PA6 layer of PA6/PE multilayer films under biaxial drawing

International audienc