An Approximation to the Cross Sections of Z_l Boson Production at CLIC by Using Neural Networks

In this work, the possible dynamics associated with leptophilic Z_l boson at CLIC (Compact Linear Collider) have been investigated by using artificial neural networks (ANNs). These hypotetic massive boson Z_l have been shown through the process e+e- -> M+M-. Furthermore, the invariant mass distributions for final muons have been consistently predicted by using ANN. For these highly non-linear data, we have constructed consistent empirical physical formulas (EPFs) by appropriate feed- forward ANN. These ANN-EPFs can be used to derive further physical functions which could be relevant to studying Z_l.Comment: 9 pages, 8 figure

Bioaccumulation Pattern of Cadmium and Lead in the Head Capsule and Body Muscle of Clarias gariepinus [Burchell, 1822] Exposed to Paint Emulsion Effluent

The toxicity of Sub-lethal concentrations of effluents from a paint emulsion industry were investigated on African catfish Clarias gariepinus in order to determine the bioaccumulation pattern of two heavy metals i.e., Lead and Cadmium in the Head capsule and Body muscle using a renewable static bioassay. The trend of bioconcentration of metals in the head capsule and muscle of the test organisms differs significantly (phead capsule. In the muscle, the highest bioaccumulation of lead was 0.4680 mg/L while the least was 0.0660 mg/L. Cadmium bioaccumulation in the head had the highest value to be 2.0424 mg/L while the lowest value was 0.0101 mg/L. In the head capsule on the other hand, the highest accumulation of lead was found to be 0.3918 mg/L while its lowest value was 0.1677 mg/L. The highest value for cadmium in the head capsule was 2.0249 mg/L while its lowest was 0.0058 mg/L. It was revealed in the study that fish can bioaccumulate heavy metals from a polluted environment, which often result in reduction or impairment of natural population size and could be a veritable source of these metals to man. Therefore corrective measures should be taken to avoid pollution of this sort in the environment

BIOCHEMICAL PROFILE OF CLARIAS GARIEPINUS EXPOSED TO SUB-LETHAL CONCENTRATIONS OF CHEMICAL ADDITIVES EFFLUENT.

Chemicals such as industrial effluents induces some level of alterations in the naturally occuring chemical composition of aquatic phase which in turn alters the behavioural, biochemistry, and general physiology of aquatic fauna among which is catfish, Clarias gariepinus. Chemical additives effluent was analysed to determine its physicochemical parameters. Part of the result conforms to the Federal Environmental Protection Agencies standard specification for effluent discharge into the aquatic environment while other parameters like TDS, TSS, and Alkalinity deviated from the standard. The fish, Clarias gariepinus was exposed to 0.25mg/L, 0.30mg/L, 0.35mg/L and 0.40mg/L concentrations of the effluent for 96 hours and the LC50 value for the acute toxicity was found to be 0.335223mg/L. The impact of long term exposure to the effluent was also evaluated through changes of selected biochemical parameters using the 20%, 10%, 5% and 2.5% of the 96-h LC50 value for 42 days.the parameters measured are glucose, total protein, cholesterol, albumin and globulin. All the parameters recorded a significant difference in their values as against the control except cholesterol. The alteration in all parameters was significantly concentration and time dependent and this could be attributed to stress behavioural response as a result of the toxicity of the effluent

Effect of ionic ordering in conductivity experiments of DNA aqueous solutions

The effects of ionic ordering in DNA water solutions are studied by conductivity experiments. The conductivity measurements are performed for the solutions of DNA with KCl salt in the temperature range from 28 to 70 C. Salt concentration vary from 0 to 2 M. The conductivity of solutions without DNA but with the same concentration of KCl salt are also performed. The results show that in case of salt free solution of DNA the melting process of the double helix is observed, while in case of DNA solution with added salt the macromolecule denaturation is not featured. For salt concentrations lower than some critical one (0.4 M) the conductivity of DNA solution is higher than the conductivity of KCl water solution without DNA. Starting from the critical concentration the conductivity of KCl solution is higher than the conductivity of DNA solution with added salt. For description of the experimental data phenomenological model is elaborated basing on electrolyte theory. In framework of the developed model a mechanism of counterion ordering is introduced. According to this mechanism under the low salt concentrations electrical conductivity of the system is caused by counterions of DNA ion-hydrate shell. Increasing the amount of salt to the critical concentration counterions condense on DNA polyanion. Further increase of salt concentration leads to the formation of DNA-salt complexes that decreases the conductivity of the system.Comment: 12 pages, 6figures. Ukr. J. Phys. (2014

Differential bioaccumulation of heavy metals in selected biomarkers of Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) exposed to chemical additives effluent

The toxicity of Sublethal concentrations of chemical additives effluents were investigated on African catfish Clarias gariepinus using a renewable static bioassay. The trend of bioconcentration of metals in the gut, liver, gills and kidney of the test organisms differs significantly (p < 0.05) and it followed the order, liver> gill >gut > muscle. The result revealed that the liver had Ni concentration of 0.0046 mg/L and 16.1208 mg/L of magnesium as the highest. In the muscle, Ni was not bioaccumulated (0.0000 mg/L) while the highest magnesium concentration of 10.7345 mg/L was recorded. The gill had the least concentration of 0.0010 mg/L for Cu while the highest concentration recorded for Mg was 12.6797 mg/L. The gut had Mn concentration of 0.0401 mg/L and Mg concentration of 14.5001mg/L. It was revealed that fish can bioaccumulate heavy metals from a polluted environment, which may result in reduction or impairment of natural population size and could be a risk to consumers. Consumption of fish from polluted environment should be discouraged