Assessment of the clinical status and behavioral risk factors in patients with cardiovascular and other noncommunicable diseases in Russia and neighboring countries during quarantine and self-isolation

Aim. To carry out a comparative assessment of the clinical status and behavioral risk factors in patients with cardiovascular (CVD) and other noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) in Russia and neighboring countries during quarantine and selfisolation in the context of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.Material and methods. The study involved patients from Russia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Lithuania, Kyrgyzstan. A total of 351 men and women aged 30- 69 years with one or more NCDs were included, including hypertension (HTN), coronary artery disease with or without myocardial infarction, type 2 diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease/ asthma, and cancer that were in quarantine self-isolation. To assess the clinical status and risk factors, patients underwent a questionnaire and examination. The changes in health status was assessed using the EQ-5D questionnaire.Results. During self-isolation and quarantine, 40% of patients noted a decrease and limitation of physical activity. An increase in food frequency and amount was registered in 35% of individuals. During quarantine, every third patient with HTN had hypertensive crises, and every fifth increased the doses of the drugs taken. In the examined cohort, exertional angina (30%) took second place among NCDs. In the group of Azerbaijan patients, every second had exertional angina, while in the Russian cohort — 33%, and in the Lithuanian group — every fourth patient. In general, health status deterioration among people with angina was noted in 6% of cases. In the examined group, type 2 diabetes was detected in 25% of cases. During quarantine, changes in hypoglycemic therapy were carried out in an average of 34% of patients. COVID-19 was registered in 22% of patients in the examined cohort. The largest number was found in the group from Kazakhstan — 57%, while the second place was taken by the Azerbaijan group — 40%. General condition deterioration was detected in 55% of cases in groups from Azerbaijan and Kazakhstan. In Russia, this was reported by 28,8% of patients, while in the group from Lithuania, every fourth patient noted a worsening of the health status. The lowest deterioration was registered in the Kyrgyzstan group (14%).Conclusion. During quarantine and self-isolation among patients with NCDs, a decrease in physical activity, an increase in food consumption and smoking was noted. There was health status deterioration in patients with various NCDs, primarily with CVDs, which required therapy changes. Taken together, this was reflected in general condition worsening in patients with chronic NCDs. It is obvious that the development of comprehensive preventive measures in conditions of selfisolation and quarantine is required

COVID-19 Pandemic and IBS. Results of the All-Russian Observational Non-interventional Program to Study the Effectiveness of the Drug Kolofort® in Real Clinical Practice in Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome After a New Coronavirus Infection (VESNA)

Aim: to study the effectiveness and safety of using the drug Kolofort® in outpatients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) after a new coronavirus infection.Materials and methods. An observational non-interventional program was conducted in patients with exacerbation of IBS symptoms after a new coronavirus infection. One hundred forty-one patients took part in the study. The final efficacy analysis included data from 127 study participants. All patients complained of increased/appearing gastrointestinal symptoms that appeared within 1–6 months after the infection (all patients had a history of COVID-19 infection). To assess the presence and severity of symptoms of the disease, the “7 × 7” questionnaire was used before the start of treatment and three months after the start of treatment.Results. At the stage of inclusion in the program, the average total score on the “7 × 7” questionnaire was 17.36, which corresponded to a moderately severe disorder. During the treatment period, the average total score decreased to 6.14, which corresponded to borderline disorder. In addition, significant improvement was observed for each symptom separately. After three months of therapy, doctors rated the overall impression of the treatment on a 5-point Likert scale from “very effective” to “ineffective”. The average score was 4.24. In addition, no serious adverse events were identified while taking the drug.Conclusion. In real clinical practice, the drug Kolofort® demonstrated high clinical efficacy in the treatment of patients with IBS after COVID-19 infection

Сomparative analysis and prospects of the use of multi -fuel micro-thermal power stations on the basis of the steeling engine for rural areas

THE PURPOSE. Conducting a comparative analysis of the problems of efficient power supply torural consumers. Offering solution stop roblems by using multi-fuelmicrothermal power plants based on the Stirlingengine for ruralareas. Justification and description of prospects for the use of multi-fuelmicro-thermal power plants based on the Stirlingengine for ruralareas. METHODS. Methods of computer simulation of thermodynamic processes of multi fuel micro-thermal power plants based on an engine based on an engine with external heat supply are used. A computer simulation method has been developed that allows constructing a PV diagram and processes of changes in the pressure and volume of the working fluid depending on the position of the working piston and the displacer. Mathematical methods of analysis and description of the thermodynamic cycle of an engine with external heat supply are used. RESULTS. Выполнен анализ достижений и уровня современных достижений в области микро электростанций. Установлено направление развития научных исследований по разработке двигателя с внешним подводом тепла. Приведены некоторые результаты исследований по эффективности работы двигателя с внешним подводом теплоты. CONCLUSIONS . Одним из решений проблемы эффективного электроснабжения сельских потребителей может быть внедрения микро тепловых электростанций. Их использование позволит снизить стоимость электроэнергии и обеспечить ее бесперебойную поставку. Основой микро тепловой электростанции является двигатель с внешним подводом теплоты, работающий по принципу Стирлинга