Priority chemical pollutants of drinking water in the city of Kazan: Approach based on risk assessment

© Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd. Assessment of non-carcinogenic risks from chemical substances ingested with drinking water included peroral, skin and inhalation routes of contact with water. The study was carried out for children aged 3-6 years living in 4 districts (zones) of the city of Kazan. Regional exposure factors (REF) at the median (Me) and the 95-th Percentile (95P) levels were identified according to the results of the questionnaire survey. The value of total hazard indices (THI) calculated with application of REF at the median (Me) and the 95-th Percentile (95P) levels made THIMe = 14.2 and 17.1, and THI 95perc = 13.03 and 16.3 in zones with a combined type of water supply. The ingestion of chemical substances with drinking water in different zones of the city of Kazan implies, alert and high levels of non-carcinogenic health risk for the child population

Assessment and zoning of the urban area according to the level of heavy metal pollution

Urban area ranking according to the level of heavy metal pollution with identification of four areas in the territory of the city of Kazan was carried out: the 1st - Derbyshki; the 2 nd - Teplocontrol; the 3 rd - Gorki; the 4th - the Kirovsky district. Pollution of snow cover in the city territory was determined by pollution coefficients calculated with application of Maximum Permissible Concentration (MPC) of chemical substances in ambient waters for household and amenity water use. The entire territory of the city of Kazan is mildly polluted by Mn, as far as other metals (Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn, Co, Ni, Cr) are concerned, the soil pollution category varies with areas. Metal content in the hair of the children living in these areas is an informative additional method to assess the present ecological situation in certain territories

THEORY AND PRACTICE OF EVIDENCE-BASED MEDICINE: NEPHROLOGY. TYPES OF STUDY AND EVIDENCE LEVELS

The basic features of different clinical studies types and their hierarchy considering strength of the evidence were considered. The quality assessment examples of information in medicine and data presentation options to form of evidence were presented. The role of a clinician as a participant in evidence process was underlined

Peculiarities of chidren's risk assessment on ingestion of chemicals with drinking water

© 2010 RJPBCS.Results of the noncarcinogenic health risk assessment for the child population living in different districts of the city of Kazan are given in the article. The risk assessment was carried out for the peroral route of ingestion with the account of standard and regional exposure factors. Risk level analysis with application of local factors (particularly at the level of 95% pers.) and age differences in exposure to the chemicals ingested with drinking water showed that application of standard values resulted in underestimation of the actual health risk for the child population

Heavy metals as criteria of health and ecological well-being of the urban environment

© 2018 Elsevier GmbH The study of the content of Pb, Cd, Ni, Zn, Mn, Cr, and Cu in biological media (the hair) of children living in the zones of the city of Kazan with different pollution levels was carried out. The identification of the zones in the city of Kazan was performed on the basis of the snow cover and soils pollution with heavy metals, which are natural accumulators of chemical substances and heavy metals (HM). Statistically significant differences (р < 0.01) in the content of certain metals in the hair, lead and cadmium in particular, were revealed in children living in the technologically polluted zone (Teplocontrol). Microelement composition of the hair in children with respiratory diseases (RD) varied widely in the content of lead (р < 0.05), and a statistically significantly lower level of zinc (р < 0.01) and copper (р < 0.05) compared with all the rest groups of children was determined in genitourinary diseases (GUD). However, relatively high values of toxic elements in the control zone show that the ecological status of the city and region is instable, and implies additional measures of the environmental monitoring and activities on chemical safety in certain city zones

QUINQUESERIALIS QUINQUESERIALIS - SPECIFIC PARASITE OF MUSKRAT, AND ITS INFLUENCE ON SOME HEMATOLOGIC PARAMETERS OF THE HOST

Data on infection of muskrat by trematoda species Quinqueserialis quinqueserialis in the Selenga River Delta are presented in this paper. The indexes of infection of muskrat by parasite in 2011 are similar to those in 1981 and 1982. The study is the first attempt to assess the influence of infestation on structure and. quantity leucocytes of blood of infected muskrat in Lake Baikal basin

Физико-химические условия устойчивости наночипов GaAs/GaAsxNy/GaN

In this work the study of the stability nanochips GaAs/GaAsxNy/GaN is presented. For the calculation of parameters used quantum-chemical and thermodynamic approaches. The calculations of the surface free energy nanochips within the models used show that a significant contribution to the crystalline structure stability of the GaN layer is the molar concentration of nitrogen atoms in the intermediate layer GaAsxNy nanochips GaAs/GaAsxNy/GaN.В работе представлено исследование устойчивости наночипов GaAs/GaAsxNy/GaN. Для расчетов параметров применялись квантово-химический и термодинамических подходы. Расчеты свободной поверхностной энергии наночипов в рамках используемых моделей показывают, что существенный вклад на кристаллическую структуру слоя GaN носит мольная концентрация атомов азота в промежуточном слое GaAsxN наночипа GaAs/GaAsxNy/GaN

‘Tobolyak’: an oat cultivar for universal use

Background. An urgent problem is the development and introduction of cultivars for universal use that can meet the demand of animal husbandry for various types of feed and that of food industry for raw materials. Of great interest in this regard is ‘Tobolyak’, a new spring oat cultivar characterized by a high yield of grain and green biomass.Materials and methods. The cultivar was developed at the Research Institute of Agriculture for the Northern TransUrals, a branch of the Tyumen Scientific Centre, Siberian Branch of the RAS, using hybridization techniques with subsequent selection. The cultivars used as source material for hybridization were ‘Tayoznik’ (Narym Agricultural Station, Tomsk Province) and ‘Orion’ (Siberian Research Institute of Agriculture, Omsk Province).Results. It is a mid-ripening cultivar, with the growing season of 71 to 83 days from sprouting to wax ripeness; its plants are medium-tall (89.6 to 120.2 cm), and resistant to lodging. The average grain yield for the years of study (2014–2019) under the environmental conditions of the northern forest-steppe (Tyumen Province) was 5.88 t/ha (+0.41 t/ha to the reference). The maximum grain yield (7.97 t/ha) was obtained in 2019 at the Lower Tavda Variety Testing Plot, Tyumen Province. The cultivar formed a grain with the test weight of 459.5–527.0 g/l and a low hull content of 22.1–25.1%. The yield of green biomass varied from 31.4 to 47.3 t/ha, depending on the growing conditions, and averaged 37.7 t/ha in 2014–2019 (+7.3 t/ha to the reference). Dry matter harvest averaged 11.76 t/ha (+1.54 t/ha to the reference), ranging from 8.62 to 14.56 t/ha.Conclusion. The new spring oat cultivar ‘Tobolyak’ for universal use has been listed the State Register for Selection Achievements since 2020 and recommended for cultivation in regions 10, 11 and 12 of the Russian Federation

Significance of individual management plan for the patients with hereditary lymphangioedema during pregnancy and lactation, and in newborns

Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is a genetically caused orphan disease with a high risk of developing life-threatening attacks, thus requiring availability for up-to-date information on this problem for the doctors of any specialties. A limited number of observations determine the value of the analysis for each clinical case. Many facets of clinical manifestations, a list of predisposing and triggering factors, as well as limitations of some diagnostic and therapeutic algorithms, require the development of individual management schemes under distinct clinical situations. In this paper, we present the unique clinical cases with certain limitations, describing unexpected onset of the disease in the course of pregnancy, management aspects during delivery and post-delivery periods in a women with a previously confirmed HAE diagnosis. Adapted diagnostic algorithms of postnatal diagnostic verification are presented for children with burdened genetic history. We express some assumptions about involvement of a multidisciplinary team of specialists, personalized approach to building a management plan with an “online” correction depending on observation stage of НАЕ patient

Search for sterile neutrinos at the DANSS experiment

DANSS is a highly segmented 1~m${}^3$ plastic scintillator detector. Its 2500 one meter long scintillator strips have a Gd-loaded reflective cover. The DANSS detector is placed under an industrial 3.1~$\mathrm{GW_{th}}$ reactor of the Kalinin Nuclear Power Plant 350~km NW from Moscow. The distance to the core is varied on-line from 10.7~m to 12.7~m. The reactor building provides about 50~m water-equivalent shielding against the cosmic background. DANSS detects almost 5000 $\widetilde\nu_e$ per day at the closest position with the cosmic background less than 3$\%$. The inverse beta decay process is used to detect $\widetilde\nu_e$. Sterile neutrinos are searched for assuming the $4\nu$ model (3 active and 1 sterile $\nu$). The exclusion area in the $\Delta m_{14}^2,\sin^22\theta_{14}$ plane is obtained using a ratio of positron energy spectra collected at different distances. Therefore results do not depend on the shape and normalization of the reactor $\widetilde\nu_e$ spectrum, as well as on the detector efficiency. Results are based on 966 thousand antineutrino events collected at 3 distances from the reactor core. The excluded area covers a wide range of the sterile neutrino parameters up to $\sin^22\theta_{14}<0.01$ in the most sensitive region.Comment: 10 pages, 13 figures, version accepted for publicatio