Dynamics of structural defects and plasticity: models and numerical implementation for dynamical problems

We report the plasticity model with explicit description of kinetics of the material defects (dislocations, grain boundaries). This method becomes especially effective for computation of the dynamical deformation of materials at high strain rates because it allows for a simple accounting of the strain rate effects. The equation system is written out and discussed; its implementation is demonstrated for the problem of the plastic flow localization

Statistics of layered zigzags: a two-dimensional generalization of TASEP

A novel discrete growth model in 2+1 dimensions is presented in three equivalent formulations: i) directed motion of zigzags on a cylinder, ii) interacting interlaced TASEP layers, and iii) growing heap over 2D substrate with a restricted minimal local height gradient. We demonstrate that the coarse-grained behavior of this model is described by the two-dimensional Kardar-Parisi-Zhang equation. The coefficients of different terms in this hydrodynamic equation can be derived from the steady state flow-density curve, the so called `fundamental' diagram. A conjecture concerning the analytical form of this flow-density curve is presented and is verified numerically.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure

Temperature, pressure and density of Venus' atmosphere according to measurement data of the AIS Venera-4

Atmospheric temperature, pressure, and density of Venus according to measurements obtained by AIS Venera-

On the Inelastic Collapse of a Ball Bouncing on a Randomly Vibrating Platform

We study analytically the dynamics of a ball bouncing inelastically on a randomly vibrating platform, as a simple toy model of inelastic collapse. Of principal interest are the distributions of the number of flights n_f till the collapse and the total time \tau_c elapsed before the collapse. In the strictly elastic case, both distributions have power law tails characterised by exponents which are universal, i.e., independent of the details of the platform noise distribution. In the inelastic case, both distributions have exponential tails: P(n_f) ~ exp[-\theta_1 n_f] and P(\tau_c) ~ exp[-\theta_2 \tau_c]. The decay exponents \theta_1 and \theta_2 depend continuously on the coefficient of restitution and are nonuniversal; however as one approches the elastic limit, they vanish in a universal manner that we compute exactly. An explicit expression for \theta_1 is provided for a particular case of the platform noise distribution.Comment: 32 page

Convective Term and Transversely Driven Charge-Density Waves

We derive the convective terms in the damping which determine the structure of the moving charge-density wave (CDW), and study the effect of a current flowing transverse to conducting chains on the CDW dynamics along the chains. In contrast to a recent prediction we find that the effect is orders of magnitude smaller, and that contributions from transverse currents of electron- and hole-like quasiparticles to the force exerted on the CDW along the chains act in the opposite directions. We discuss recent experimental verification of the effect and demonstrate experimentally that geometry effects might mimic the transverse current effect.Comment: RevTeX, 9 pages, 1 figure, accepted for publications in PR

Finding the Median (Obliviously) with Bounded Space

We prove that any oblivious algorithm using space $S$ to find the median of a list of $n$ integers from $\{1,...,2n\}$ requires time $\Omega(n \log\log_S n)$. This bound also applies to the problem of determining whether the median is odd or even. It is nearly optimal since Chan, following Munro and Raman, has shown that there is a (randomized) selection algorithm using only $s$ registers, each of which can store an input value or $O(\log n)$-bit counter, that makes only $O(\log\log_s n)$ passes over the input. The bound also implies a size lower bound for read-once branching programs computing the low order bit of the median and implies the analog of $P \ne NP \cap coNP$ for length $o(n \log\log n)$ oblivious branching programs

The impact of the publication of non-financial statements on the financial performance of companies with the identification of interpectoral features

The purpose of this article is to study the impact of the publication of non-financial statements on the financial performance of Russian companies with the identification of intersectoral feature

Statistical Properties of Functionals of the Paths of a Particle Diffusing in a One-Dimensional Random Potential

We present a formalism for obtaining the statistical properties of functionals and inverse functionals of the paths of a particle diffusing in a one-dimensional quenched random potential. We demonstrate the implementation of the formalism in two specific examples: (1) where the functional corresponds to the local time spent by the particle around the origin and (2) where the functional corresponds to the occupation time spent by the particle on the positive side of the origin, within an observation time window of size $t$. We compute the disorder average distributions of the local time, the inverse local time, the occupation time and the inverse occupation time, and show that in many cases disorder modifies the behavior drastically.Comment: Revtex two column 27 pages, 10 figures, 3 table

Airy processes and variational problems

We review the Airy processes; their formulation and how they are conjectured to govern the large time, large distance spatial fluctuations of one dimensional random growth models. We also describe formulas which express the probabilities that they lie below a given curve as Fredholm determinants of certain boundary value operators, and the several applications of these formulas to variational problems involving Airy processes that arise in physical problems, as well as to their local behaviour.Comment: Minor corrections. 41 pages, 4 figures. To appear as chapter in "PASI Proceedings: Topics in percolative and disordered systems