Evaluating the Success of Malaysia’s Exchange Controls (1998-99)

The paper evaluates in depth, the exchange control measures imposed by Malaysia in September-1998. Controls are evaluated using three alternative benchmarks—Malaysia vs. itself (pre-controls), vs. ex-ante forecasts of Malaysia for the year-1999, and Malaysia vs. the other affected East Asian economies. The comparisons suggest that controls were effective in turning some key variables around, especially the stock market index, and also enabled Malaysia to incur fewer social costs vis-à-vis the other crisis-economies. Finally, a GARCH measure of Malaysia’s interest-rate and stock-market volatility is obtained and the impact of controls on volatility studied. Evidence was found of volatility responding differentially to the Russian crisis (before controls) and the Brazilian crisis (after controls), indicating that controls helped insulate Malaysia from developments in global financial markets. Overall the paper confirms the necessity of LDCs retaining the capital controls option in the absence of material efforts to reform the international financial architecture and the inadequacy of conventional policy tools to effectively deal with present-day capital flows.

Synthesis and Cyclopolymerzation of N-Aryl Di ‎AllylAmins As Antioxidants for Lubricant's Oil

في هذا البحث حضرت العديد من مونومرات N-أريل ثنائي أليل امين المعوضة [A1-A2] والتي تم بلمرتها بالجذور الحرة باستخدام الأمونيوم بير سلفات كباديء في 70درجة مئوية، شخصت البوليمرات الحلقية الأمينية المعوضة   و المعوقة الجديدة  بواسطة طيف الاشعة تحت الحمراء وطيف الرنين النووي المغناطيسي ، تم قياس الخواص الفيزيائية والكيميائية. وقد درست .TGA و DSC حيث درس الاستقرار الحراري للبوليمرات المحضرة. تم استخدام هذه البوليمرات[A3 - A4] كمضادات أكسدة لزيوت التشحيم. والتي أعطت الاستقرار الحراري العالي  بالمقارنة مع مضادات الأكسدة القياسية. تم فحص ثبات الأكسدة للزيت الاساس المضاف ب (1٪) وفقا لطريقة الاختبار للمنشآت النفطية IP280In this research many new N-aryl substituted di allylAmins were  synthesized [ A1-A2 ] which were Polymerized by free radically mechanism by using Ammonium per sulfate  as an initiator at 700C .The new hindered   amines   as  cyclo  polymers  were  characterized  by FTIR  and  H-NMR Spectroscopies ,Physical   and   chemical properties were measured  using TGA and DSC to   study   the thermal stability  of   prepared  cyclopolymers  . These   prepared  N-aromatic  substituted di allylamins cyclopolymers [ A3 - A4 ]  were  used  as  antioxidants  for  lubricant  oil  .   which   give    high stability   when  comparing  with standard  antioxidant . The oxidation stability of base  oil with (1% ) additive  were  examined according to Institute of Petroleum testing method IP280&nbsp

Enhancement of Cotton Boll Retention by GA3 Treatment

Cotton quantity and quality improvement could be achieved by hybridization. Intraspecific and interspecific crossing is one of the ways to transfer desirable gene(s) combinations for crop improve-ment. One of the limitations that face the cotton crossing process is the high flowers and bolls shedding after pollination particularly in interspecific hybridization. During the course of an ongoing program to transfer resistance too bacterial blight from diploids to tetraploids cotton, we experienced excessive boll shedding after pollination. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the effect of GA3 on flower and boll retention after pollination

The maternal and neonatal outcomes of teenage pregnancy in a tertiary university hospital in Egypt

Aim: To highlight the grave complications among teenage mothers in Assiut Woman\u27s Health Hospital compared with the adult mothers. Methods: This study was a prospective case control study, conducted at the Labor Ward of Assiut Woman\u27s Health Hospital from 1st of January 2016 to 30th of June 2016. We included teenage pregnant women (13-19 completed years at delivery) as case and adult mothers (20-29 years) formed the control group. The primary outcome of the study is the rate of pregnancy complications among teenage mothers. Results: Obstetric complications were higher among the teenage mothers (p=0.0001). The teenage mothers had a higher proportion of normal vaginal delivery (p=0.005). The adult mothers reported a higher rate of elective cesarean section (CS) and operative vaginal delivery (p=0.0001, p=0.002; respectively). The infants of teenage mothers tended to have a lower birth weight and Apgar score than the adult ones. Conclusion: This study clearly states that the teenage mothers and their infants were more liable to complications during pregnancy and labor compared to adult mothers

The maternal and neonatal outcomes of teenage pregnancy in a tertiary university hospital in Egypt

Aim: To highlight the grave complications among teenage mothers in Assiut Woman\u27s Health Hospital compared with the adult mothers. Methods: This study was a prospective case control study, conducted at the Labor Ward of Assiut Woman\u27s Health Hospital from 1st of January 2016 to 30th of June 2016. We included teenage pregnant women (13-19 completed years at delivery) as case and adult mothers (20-29 years) formed the control group. The primary outcome of the study is the rate of pregnancy complications among teenage mothers. Results: Obstetric complications were higher among the teenage mothers (p=0.0001). The teenage mothers had a higher proportion of normal vaginal delivery (p=0.005). The adult mothers reported a higher rate of elective cesarean section (CS) and operative vaginal delivery (p=0.0001, p=0.002; respectively). The infants of teenage mothers tended to have a lower birth weight and Apgar score than the adult ones. Conclusion: This study clearly states that the teenage mothers and their infants were more liable to complications during pregnancy and labor compared to adult mothers

Accidental diagnosis and conservative management of a case of first-trimester caesarean scar ectopic pregnancy

Cases of Caesarean Scar Ectopic Pregnancy (CSEP) are becoming increasingly common at tertiary care hospitals because of increase in rate of CS. It may lead to horrible consequences, such as uncontrolled bleeding and uterine rupture (UR), which might require hysterectomy and result in subsequent loss of fertility. This report covers a case of a CSEP discovered early at 9 weeks of gestation in a 25-year-old woman coming for antenatal care. Conservative management of the uterus was performed with removal of the sac and repair of the uterine scar. The patient’s postoperative period was uneventful, and she was discharged 3 days after surgery. CSEP should be detected early to prevent its catastrophic sequences. Although it is a rare complication of cesarean section, CSEP must be kept in the minds of obstetricians facing emergency cases

Tissue trauma and inflammatory response following laparoscopic versus abdominal hysterectomy: a prospective randomized clinical trial

Background: Laparoscopic surgery is associated with more favorable clinical outcome than conventional open surgery. This might be related to the magnitude of tissue trauma and tissue stress response. This study compares the intensity of tissue injury by assessing plasma C-reactive protein (CRP), lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), and cancer antigen 125 (CA 125) in patients undergoing laparoscopic hysterectomy compared to abdominal hysterectomy.Methods: This study was conducted at Ain Shams University Maternity Hospital from May 2018 to February 2020. 74 women candidate for hysterectomy were recruited and randomized into two groups: group A included 37 cases who underwent abdominal hysterectomy, and group B included 37 cases that underwent laparoscopic hysterectomy.Results: CRP, LDH and CA125 significantly increased post-operatively in both groups. Postoperative mean serum CRP, LDH and CA125 were significantly higher in the laparotomy group (10.84±2.47, 262.21±76.77, and 13.41±2.6 respectively) compared to laparoscopy group (7.92±2.25, 148.53±43.56, 11.79±2.77 respectively) (p<0.05).Conclusions: Surgery is a significant cause of tissue injury that can be assessed by specific markers. We suggest that laparoscopic surgery causes less tissue damage as assessed by lower postoperative CRP and LDH values, which might account for the earlier recovery and reduced hospital stay in laparoscopic surgery

Uncommon case of hydrosalpinx-induced adnexal torsion in a postmenopausal woman

Adnexal torsion is a twisting of the adnexa, including the ovary and/or the fallopian tube, around its own vascular axis. Most cases of adnexal torsion occur in women of reproductive age and only rarely in postmenopausal women. Here, we report a case of 58-year-old woman, postmenopausal for 6 years, who presented with acute lower abdominal pain. Ultrasound scan showed a right-sided, well-circumscribed, cystic mass measuring 50x57 mm with low level echoes. Doppler evaluation revealed no blood flow signals inside the mass. Abdominal exploration revealed right adnexal torsion. Salpingo-oophorectomy was done and histopathological examination revealed a twisted, gangrenous hydrosalpinx with no pathological lesion in the ovary. The patient was discharged on the fourth postoperative day. Although adnexal torsion in postmenopausal women is a rare event, it should not be ignored in those women who present with abdominal pain. A longer delay between admission and surgery may be attributed to the rarity and non-specific symptoms of the disease in this age group

Full term delivery of a Harlequin ichthyosis baby: a case report

Harlequin ichthyosis (HI) is one of the most severe and rare autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis (ARCI), characterized by severe hyperkeratosis, extensive fissuring and a variable degree of cutaneous malformations. Here we report a case of 22 years old female patient in her first pregnancy. The baby was born at 39 weeks of gestation from non-consanguineous parents. At birth the baby had thick skin with deep fissures. The baby was admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit and survived for 11 days