N-Triflylphosphorimidoyl Trichloride: A Versatile Reagent for the Synthesis of Strong Chiral Brønsted Acids

A series of strong Brønsted acids has been synthesized in high yields using N-triflylphosphorimidoyl trichloride as reagent. The syntheses proceed efficiently with electron-rich, electron-deficient, and sterically hindered substrates

Information Cascades: Evidence from An Experiment with Financial Market Professionals

Previous empirical studies of information cascades use either naturally occurring data or laboratory experiments with student subjects. We combine attractive elements from each of these lines of research by observing market professionals from the Chicago Board of Trade (CBOT) in a controlled environment. As a baseline, we compare their behavior to student choices in similar treatments. We further examine whether, and to what extent, cascade formation is influenced by both private signal strength and the quality of previous public signals, as well as decision heuristics that differ from Bayesian rationality. Analysis of over 1,500 individual decisions suggests that CBOT professionals are better able to discern the quality of public signals than their student counterparts. This leads to much different cascade formation. Further, while the behavior of students is consistent with the notion that losses loom larger than gains, market professionals are unaffected by the domain of earnings. These results are important in both a positive and normative sense.

Asymmetric Catalysis via Cyclic, Aliphatic Oxocarbenium Ions

A direct enantioselective synthesis of substituted oxygen heterocycles from lactol acetates and enolsilanes has been realized using a highly reactive and confined imidodiphosphorimidate (IDPi) catalyst. Various chiral oxygen heterocycles, including tetrahydrofurans, tetrahydropyrans, oxepanes, chromans, and dihydrobenzofurans, were obtained in excellent enantioselectivities by reacting the corresponding lactol acetates with diverse enol silanes. Mechanistic studies suggest the reaction to proceed via a nonstabilized, aliphatic, cyclic oxocarbenium ion intermediate paired with the confined chiral counteranion

Rotating Boson Stars in 5 Dimensions

We study rotating boson stars in five spacetime dimensions. The boson fields consist of a complex doublet scalar field. Considering boson stars rotating in two orthogonal planes with both angular momenta of equal magnitude, a special ansatz for the boson field and the metric allows for solutions with nontrivial dependence on the radial coordinate only. The charge of the scalar field equals the sum of the angular momenta. The rotating boson stars are globally regular and asymptotically flat. For our choice of a sixtic potential the rotating boson star solutions possess a flat spacetime limit. We study the solutions in flat and curved spacetime.Comment: 17 pages, 6 figure

KINEMATICS OF THE TRUNK AND THE SPINE DURING UNRESTRICTED AND RESTRICTED SQUATS – A PRELIMINARY ANALYSIS

The aim of the study was the assessment and comparison of trunk kinematics during restricted (knee not beyond toes) and unrestricted squats. Eight repetitions of restricted and unrestricted squats with 0, 25% and 50% bodyweight loading using a barbell were assessed with a 12 camera motion analysis system. A trunk marker set was developed and applied that allowed the measurement of the 3D kinematics of the trunk, divided into three segments (lumbar, thoracic and upper trunk) and the analysis of the sagittal curvature (lumbar and thoracic spine). The preliminary results of four subjects showed a larger range of sagittal motion between lumbar and pelvic segments for the restricted compared to the unrestricted squat. The lumbar curvature straightened with increasing load. The unrestricted execution seems to lead to higher stresses in the lower back

Color Transparency at COMPASS energies

Pionic quasielastic knockout of protons from nuclei at 200 GeV show very large effects of color transparency as -t increases from 0 to several GeV^2. Similar effects are expected for quasielastic photoproduction of vector mesons.Comment: 9 pages, 4 figure

Non-Simplified SUSY: Stau-Coannihilation at LHC and ILC

If new phenomena beyond the Standard Model will be discovered at the LHC, the properties of the new particles could be determined with data from the High-Luminosity LHC and from a future linear collider like the ILC. We discuss the possible interplay between measurements at the two accelerators in a concrete example, namely a full SUSY model which features a small stau_1-LSP mass difference. Various channels have been studied using the Snowmass 2013 combined LHC detector implementation in the Delphes simulation package, as well as simulations of the ILD detector concept from the Technical Design Report. We investigate both the LHC and ILC capabilities for discovery, separation and identification of various parts of the spectrum. While some parts would be discovered at the LHC, there is substantial room for further discoveries at the ILC. We finally highlight examples where the precise knowledge about the lower part of the mass spectrum which could be acquired at the ILC would enable a more in-depth analysis of the LHC data with respect to the heavier states.Comment: 42 pages, 18 figures, 12 table

Investment under Uncertainty: Testing the Options Model with Professional Traders

An important class of investment decisions is characterized by unrecoverable sunk costs, resolution of uncertainty through time, and the ability to invest in the future as an alternative to investing today. The options model provides guidance in such settings, including an investment decision rule called the “bad news principle”: the downside investment state influences the investment decision whereas the upside investment state is ignored. This study takes a new approach to examining predictions of the options model by using the tools of experimental economics. Our evidence, which is drawn from student and professional trader subject pools, is broadly consonant with the options model.

Catalytic Asymmetric Spirocyclizing Diels–Alder Reactions of Enones: Stereoselective Total and Formal Syntheses of α-Chamigrene, β-Chamigrene, Laurencenone C, Colletoic Acid, and Omphalic Acid

We disclose a general catalytic enantioselective Diels–Alder reaction of exo-enones with dienes to give spirocyclanes. The obtained products feature highly congested quaternary stereogenic spirocenters and are used in concise total and formal syntheses of several sesquiterpenes, including of α-chamigrene, β-chamigrene, laurencenone C, colletoic acid, and omphalic acid. The stereo- and regioselectivities of our spirocyclizing cycloaddition are effectively controlled by strongly acidic and confined imidodiphosphorimidate catalysts. Computational studies shed light on the origin of reactivity and selectivity

Design of Pre-Dumping Ring Spin Rotator with a Possibility of Helicity Switching for Polarized Positrons at the ILC

The use of polarized beams enhance the possibility of the precision measurements at the International Linear Collider (ILC). In order to preserve the degree of polarization during beam transport spin rotators are included in the current TDR ILC Lattice. In this report some advantages of using a combined spin rotator/spin flipper are discussed. A few possible lattice designs of spin flipper developed at DESY in 2012 are presented.Comment: Talk presented at the International Workshop on Future Linear Colliders (LCWS15), Whistler, Canada, 2-6 November 201