1,158 research outputs found
Control of the appleseed moth Grapholita lobarzewskii Ragonot in organic fruit growing
Several products were tested for their efficacy in control of the apple seed moth (Grapholita lobarzewskii
Ragonot). None of them had a good efficacy. With several treatments with Bacillus thuringiensis an efficacy
about 50 % could be achieved. An early treatment before egg-laying seem to improve the results. Quassia
extract (9 g Quassin/ha/m tree height) gave efficacy about 50-60 % even if treated only once. NeemAzal
gave only moderate efficacy (about 40-50 %). Mating disruption method was effective if the populations were
not too high when the treatements were started. With high populations there was no sufficient control in the
first year of application
Zur Regulierung des Kleinen Fruchtwicklers Grapholita lobarzewskii Ragonot
Several products were tested for their efficacy in control of the apple seed moth (Grapholita lobarzewskii Ragonot). None of them had a good efficacy. With several treatments with Bacillus thuringiensis an efficacy about 50 % could be achieved. An early treatment before egg-laying seem to improve the results. Quassia extract (9 g Quassin/ha/m tree height) gave efficacy about 50-60 % even if treated only once. NeemAzal gave only moderate efficacy (about 40-50 %). Mating disruption method was effective if the populations were not too high when the treatements were started. With high populations there was no sufficient control in the first year of application
Proof of principle : the adaptive geometry of social foragers
Acknowledgments We thank Cape Nature for permission to undertake the study. We thank Dr Matt Grove and two anonymous referees for comments and suggestions that improved the manuscript substantially. This research was funded by grants from the Leakey Foundation, National Science and Engineering Research Council, Canada to S.P.H. and L.B., and by the National Research Foundation, South Africa to S.P.H. His co-authors dedicate this paper to the memory of P.M.R.C. The authors declare no competing interests.Peer reviewedPostprin
Magnetic form factor of SrFeAs
Neutron diffraction measurements have been carried out to investigate the
magnetic form factor of the parent SrFe2As2 system of the iron-based
superconductors. The general feature is that the form factor is approximately
isotropic in wave vector, indicating that multiple d-orbitals of the iron atoms
are occupied as expected based on band theory. Inversion of the diffraction
data suggests that there is some elongation of the spin density toward the As
atoms. We have also extended the diffraction measurements to investigate a
possible jump in the c-axis lattice parameter at the structural phase
transition, but find no detectable change within the experimental
uncertainties
High Mass Triple Systems: The Classical Cepheid Y Car
We have obtained an HST STIS ultraviolet high dispersion Echelle mode
spectrum the binary companion of the double mode classical Cepheid Y Car. The
velocity measured for the hot companion from this spectrum is very different
from reasonable predictions for binary motion, implying that the companion is
itself a short period binary. The measured velocity changed by 7 km/ s during
the 4 days between two segments of the observation confirming this
interpretation. We summarize "binary" Cepheids which are in fact members of
triple system and find at least 44% are triples. The summary of information on
Cepheids with orbits makes it likely that the fraction is under-estimated.Comment: accepted by A
Use of a proposed antimicrobial susceptibility testing method for Haemophilus parasuis
The aim of this study was to examine the antimicrobial susceptibility of 97 Haemophilus parasuis cultured from Australian pigs. As there is no existing standard antimicrobial susceptibility technique available for H. parasuis, methods utilising the supplemented media, BA/SN for disc diffusion and test medium broth (TMB) for a microdilution technique, were initially evaluated with the reference strains recommended by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. The results of the media evaluation suggested that BA/SN and TMB can be used as suitable media for susceptibility testing of H. parasuis. The proposed microdilution technique was then used with 97 H. parasuis isolates and nine antimicrobial agents. The study found that Australian isolates showed elevated minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) for ampicillin (1%), penicillin (2%), erythromycin (7%), tulathromycin (9%), tilmicosin (22%), tetracycline (31%) and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (40%). This study has described potential antimicrobial susceptibility methods for H. parasuis and has detected a low percentage of Australian H. parasuis isolates with elevated antimicrobial MICs
Classical Cepheid Pulsation Models: IX. New Input Physics
We constructed several sequences of classical Cepheid envelope models at
solar chemical composition () to investigate the dependence of
the pulsation properties predicted by linear and nonlinear hydrodynamical
models on input physics. To study the dependence on the equation of state (EOS)
we performed several numerical experiments by using the simplified analytical
EOS originally developed by Stellingwerf and the recent analytical EOS
developed by Irwin. Current findings suggest that the pulsation amplitudes as
well as the topology of the instability strip marginally depend on the adopted
EOS.
We also investigated the dependence of observables predicted by theoretical
models on the mass-luminosity (ML) relation and on the spatial resolution
across the Hydrogen and the Helium partial ionization regions. We found that
nonlinear models are marginally affected by these physical and numerical
assumptions. In particular, the difference between new and old models in the
location as well as in the temperature width of the instability strip is on
average smaller than 200 K. However, the spatial resolution somehow affects the
pulsation properties. The new fine models predict a period at the center of the
Hertzsprung Progression (9.84 days) that reasonably agree with
empirical data based on light curves ( days;
\citealt{mbm92}) and on radial velocity curves ( days;
\citealt{mall00}), and improve previous predictions by Bono, Castellani, and
Marconi (2000, hereinafter BCM00).Comment: 35 pages, 7 figures. Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical
Journa
Evaluation of frameworks of analysis employed in studies of exclusion zones
The purpose of this Work Package is to examine the various approaches to analysing fishery
exclusion zones (FEZs) and to identify the circumstances in which one approach might be
preferred to another. Our concern here is not so much with answering questions about exclusion
zones - these being dealt with in later Work Packages - as with articulating the questions
themselves and in understanding how in principle they could be addressed. An important theme
is the precision with which questions need to be answered, since this will determine the type of
information collected and how such information is analysed. The question ' is an exclusion zone
likely to improve the condition of this fishery ?' is less precise and less demanding of data than
the question ' by how much will an exclusion zone improve this fishery ?' since it could in
principle be answered by expert judgement rather than quantitative analysis. In practice fisheries
managers may be confronted with situations where decisions have to be made quickly, and
qualitative answers may be the only thing possible in circumstances where data cannot be
obtained in the available time.
The Work Package will look at FEZs from a number of different perspectives, but its dominant
concern is with the information â principally in the form of socio-economic and biological
indicators - needed by fisheries managers in order to evaluate the effectiveness of FEZs. To
contextualise the discussion we start by outlining a paradigm for understanding the linkages
between human activities and the environment, showing how it can be applied to fisheries and
marine resources. The Work Package then considers the substantive information requirements
of fisheries managers, commencing with socio-economic assessment and moving on to a review
of biological assessment and the progress which has been made in the development of
mathematical models of FEZs. Bio-economic modelling, which is essentially a specialised type of
socio-economic assessment in which explicit account is taken of the interaction between the
biological and economic components of the fishing system, is dealt with in the final section
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