Chemoselective reactions of 3,6-diacetylindoles towards araldehydes, hydrazine hydrate and bromine: Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of novel 6-pyridyl/6-hydrazinoacetyl/6-bromoacetyl-3-acetylindole derivatives

1137-114

Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of novel 5-tetrazolyl/oxadiazolyl/benzimidazolylmethoxyindole derivatives

188-1911-Alkyl-3-acetyl-2-methylindol-5-yloxyacetonitriles 2a,b, prepared by reacting 5-hydroxyindoles 1a,b with chloroacetonitrile have been converted to 1,2,3,4-tetrazolylindoles <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal">3a,b using NaN3. <span style="font-size:14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size:8.0pt">LiCI and NH<span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 6.0pt">4C1 in dry dimethylformamide. Conversion of tetrazolylindoles 3a,b into 1,3,4-oxadiazolylindoles 4a,b has been achieved by heating with acetic anhydride. Hydrolysis of 1-alkyl-3-ethoxycarbonyl-5-ethoxycarbonylmethoxy-2-methylindoles 5a,b with ethanolic NaOH gives the corresponding diacids 6a,b, which on heating with o-phenylenediamine in 6N HCI undergo condensation with concomitant decarboxylation to yield the 1-alkyl-5-(benzimidazol-2-ylmethoxy)-2- methylindoles 7a,b. The newly synthesised bisheterocycles have been screened for their antibacterial and antifungal activities.</span

<span style="font-size:20.5pt;mso-bidi-font-size:14.5pt; font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA">Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of novel 4<i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal">H</i>-pyrano[2,3-<i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal">f</i>]indole derivatives^†</span>

178-1825-Hydroxyindoles 1a-b have been subjected to regioselective Friedel-Craft 's acetylation to secure 3,6-diacetyl-5- hydroxyindoles 2a-b which on condensation with benzoic acids by using pyridine and phosphorous oxychloride furnish the required esters 3a-f in good yields. These esters 3a-f are subjected to Baker-Venkataraman transfomlations to obtain 3- acetyl-6-benzoylacetyl-5-hydroxyindoles 4a-f which are refluxed in AcOH and conc. HCI to afford the novel 2-phenyl-4H-pyrano[ 2,3-f]indol-4-one derivatives 5a-f. Similarly when 4a-f are heated with Ac2O and A<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">cONa new 2-methyl-3-benzoyl-4H-pyrano[2,3-f]indol-4-one derivatives 6a-f are obtained. All these new compounds have been screened for their antibacterial and antifungal activities.</span

Chemoselectivity of indole-dicarboxylates towards hydrazine hydrate: Part III - Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of novel 4-thiazolidinonylindoles

156-159Exclusive formation of 3-carbethoxyindol-5-yloxyacetic acid hydrazides <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal">3a,b from 3-carbethoxy-5- ethoxycarbonylmethoxyindoles 2a,b reveals the chemoselectivity of the C5-methyl ester function towards the nucleophilic attack of hydrazine hydrate. These mono hydrazides 3a,b on reacting with benzaldehydes furnish 1-alkyl-5- benzalhydrazinocarbonylmethoxy-3-ethoxycarbonyl-2-methylindoles 5a-h which on treatment with thioglycolic acid afford the desired 1-alkyl-3-ethoxycarbonyl-2-methyl-5-[(2-phenyl-4-thiazolidinon-3-yl)aminocarbonylmethoxy] indoles 6a-h. All the new compounds have been screened for their antibacterial and antifungal activities. </span

Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization in recurrent unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma after orthotopic liver transplantation

Aim: To investigate the survivals and efficacy of the doxorubicin drug eluting beads transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) in patients with recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) status post orthotopic liver transplantation.Methods: Consecutive patients with HCC who underwent orthotopic liver transplantation from 2005 to 2012 were reviewed. Patients who developed recurrent HCC after orthotopic liver transplantation and received doxorubicin drug eluting beads TACE therapy were identified and included in the study. Survivals were calculated from the time of 1st doxorubicin drug eluting beads TACE of recurrent HCC. Kaplan Meier estimator with log rank test was used for survival analysis.Results: Eight patients had recurrent HCC after orthotopic liver transplantation and received doxorubicin drug eluting beads TACE. The overall median survival of these patients was 15.6 months. Two patients had significantly poorer overall median survival from doxorubicin drug eluting beads TACE (3.4 months) and both showed elevated serum alpha-fetoprotein levels (&gt; 400 ng/mL) and extra-hepatic metastases (P = 0.03). Patients with poorly differentiated HCC in explant liver had the poor median overall survival (3.6 months) compared to the patients with well-to-moderately differentiated HCC (21.7 months, P = 0.004).Conclusion: Doxorubicin drug eluting beads TACE appears to be an effective treatment option for patients with recurrent HCC after orthotopic liver transplantation

Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of new 1-n-butyl-3-acetyl-5-(2,4-diamino-1,3,5-triazin-6-yl)methoxy-2-methylindole derivatives

1226-12285-Hydroxyindole 1a is reacted with bromine in acetic acid to yield 6-bromo-5-hydroxyindole 1b. Compounds 1a-b are condensed with chloroacetonitrile in refluxing acetone in the presence of K2CO3 to obtain 3-acetyl-1-n-butyl-2-methylindol-5-yloxyacetonitriles 2a-b which are then reacted with dicyanodiamide in the presence of KOH in methanol and isopropanol to obtain the required 1-n-butyl-3-acetyl-5-(2,4-diamino-1,3,5-triazin-6-yl)methoxy-2-methylindoles 3a-b. All these new compounds have been screened for their antibacterial and antifungal activities.

Chemoselective reaction of 1-<i>p</i>-acetanilido-3-acetyl-5-hydroxy-2-methylindole towards methyl chloroacetate :Synthesis and antiinflammatory activity of some new 5- pyrrolyl/oxadiazolyl/triazolyl/quinazolinylmethoxyindole derivatives

2023-20271-p-Acetanilido-3-acetyl-5-hydroxy-2-methylindole when treated with CH3I and K2CO3 in refluxing dry acetone produces N,O-methylated 1-p-N-methylacetanilido-3-acetyl-5-methoxy-2-methylindole but when it is reacted with methyl chloroacetate under similar reaction conditions yields only O-alkylated 1-p-acetanilido-3-acetyl-5-methoxycarbonylmethoxy-2-methylindole. This indole ester on treatment with hydrazine hydrate in refluxing ethanol gives only the monocarbohydrazide which is reacted separately with acetonyl acetone, triethyl orthoformate. CS2, KOH/N2H4.H2O, and 1,3-benzoxazine to secure pyrrolyl/oxadiazolyl/triazolyl and quinazolinylmethoxyindoles. Some of these new indole derivatives are screened for their antiinflammatoryactivity

<span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language: EN-IN;mso-fareast-language:EN-IN;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA" lang="EN-IN">One pot synthesis of novel 5, 11-dioxo-6-methyl-5,9,10,11-tetrahydro-8<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">H</i>-naphth[2,3:1,2]pyrrolizine and its 9-acetoxy analogue</span>

1123-11255, 11-dioxo-6-methyl-5,9,10,11-tetrahydro-8<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">H-naphth[2,3:1,2]-pyrrolizine <span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:" times="" new="" roman";mso-fareast-font-family:"times="" roman";="" mso-ansi-language:en-in;mso-fareast-language:en-in;mso-bidi-language:ar-sa"="" lang="EN-IN">5a and its 9-acetoxy analogue <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal">5b are prepared in a one-flask procedure by the reaction of L-proline 1a or 4-hydroxy-L-proline 1b with refluxing acetic anhydride and olefinic dipolarophile 1,4-naphthoquinone 4.</span

Submental Area Treatment with ATX-101: Relationship of Mechanism of Action, Tissue Response, and Efficacy

Background:. ATX-101 is an injectable, synthetically derived formulation of deoxycholic acid used for submental fat reduction. Methods:. A narrative review of references relevant to the mechanism of action of ATX-101 and its relationship to efficacy and inflammatory adverse events was conducted. Results:. When injected into subcutaneous fat, deoxycholic acid physically disrupts adipocyte cell membranes, leading to local adipocytolysis, cell death, and a mild, local inflammatory reaction consisting of macrophage infiltration and fibroblast recruitment. At Day 28 postinjection, inflammation largely resolves, and key histologic features include fibrotic septal thickening, neovascularization, and atrophy of fat lobules. Based on the mechanism of action of ATX-101 and the demonstrated inflammatory response, localized inflammation and swelling are expected following treatment. Indeed, postinjection swelling and other local injection-site events, including pain, erythema, and bruising, are common during and after treatment. Because of inflammatory sequelae following injection, reduction in submental fat is gradual and may require months before the full response is apparent. Patients may also require multiple treatment sessions to achieve their treatment goals. Repeated treatments may result in less pain and swelling over time owing to a combination of factors, including less target tissue allowing for lower doses/injection volumes, persistent numbness, and greater tissue integrity from thickened fibrous septa. Conclusions:. Physicians can manage expectations by counseling patients that, based on the mechanism of action of ATX-101 and data from pivotal clinical trials, ATX-101 treatment results in localized inflammation/swelling and gradual submental fat reduction. Patient education about common local adverse events is critical