Плоскоклеточная карцинома яичка и паратестикулярных тканей

Testicular tumors occur in 1–1.5 % of cases in the structure of the general oncological morbidity among men and constitute 5 % among tumors of the urogenital tract. In Western Europe, 3–6 new cases are recorded a year per 100 thousand male population. Nevertheless, in relation to young men, this particular type of neoplasm is not only the most common oncological pathology (up to 60 % of all neoplasms), but also the main cause of cancer mortality. Risk factors for developing ovarian cancer include a family history, previous development of a tumor in the contralateral testicle, and components of testicular dysgenesis syndrome (cryptorchidism, hypospadias, spermatogenesis disorders leading to infertility). Tumors of paratesticular tissues are much less common and most of them are benign. Squamous cell carcinoma rarely develops as a primary tumor of the testis and / or paratesticular tissue, isolated cases have been described in the English literature. Secondary damage to the scrotum organs is more frequent, but such situations are usually found in patients of an older age group. This article presents the clinical case and the final results of treatment of a patient with squamous cell carcinoma of paratesticular tissue.Опухоли яичка встречаются в 1–1,5 % случаев в структуре общей онкологической заболеваемости у мужчин и составляют 5 % среди опухолей урогенитального тракта. В Западной Европе регистрируется 3–6 новых случаев в год на 100 тыс. мужского населения. При этом у мужчин молодого возраста этот тип новообразований является не только наиболее распространенной онкологической патологией (до 60 % всех новообразований), но и основной причиной смертности от рака. Факторы риска развития рака яичников включают семейный анамнез, предшествующее развитие опухоли в контралатеральном яичке и компоненты синдрома дисгенеза яичка (крипторхизм, гипоспадия, нарушения сперматогенеза, приводящие к бесплодию). Опухоли паратестикулярных тканей встречаются значительно реже, и большинство из них доброкачественные. Плоскоклеточный рак редко развивается как первичная опухоль яичка и / или паратестикулярной ткани, отдельные случаи были описаны в английской литературе. Вторичное повреждение органов мошонки происходит чаще, но такие ситуации обычно встречаются у пациентов старшей возрастной группы. В данной статье представлены клинический случай и окончательные результаты лечения пациента с диагнозом плоскоклеточного рака паратестикулярных тканей

Characteristics of Early-Onset vs Late-Onset Colorectal Cancer: A Review.

The incidence of early-onset colorectal cancer (younger than 50 years) is rising globally, the reasons for which are unclear. It appears to represent a unique disease process with different clinical, pathological, and molecular characteristics compared with late-onset colorectal cancer. Data on oncological outcomes are limited, and sensitivity to conventional neoadjuvant and adjuvant therapy regimens appear to be unknown. The purpose of this review is to summarize the available literature on early-onset colorectal cancer. Within the next decade, it is estimated that 1 in 10 colon cancers and 1 in 4 rectal cancers will be diagnosed in adults younger than 50 years. Potential risk factors include a Westernized diet, obesity, antibiotic usage, and alterations in the gut microbiome. Although genetic predisposition plays a role, most cases are sporadic. The full spectrum of germline and somatic sequence variations implicated remains unknown. Younger patients typically present with descending colonic or rectal cancer, advanced disease stage, and unfavorable histopathological features. Despite being more likely to receive neoadjuvant and adjuvant therapy, patients with early-onset disease demonstrate comparable oncological outcomes with their older counterparts. The clinicopathological features, underlying molecular profiles, and drivers of early-onset colorectal cancer differ from those of late-onset disease. Standardized, age-specific preventive, screening, diagnostic, and therapeutic strategies are required to optimize outcomes

Issues of using local energy systems with hydraulic energy storage in the power system of the republic of Uzbekistan

The method of determining the main energy parameters of a local energy system based on renewable sources with hydraulic accumulation of part of the generated energy is considered. The example shows the economic efficiency of hydraulic energy storage in comparison with lithium-ion batteries

Ultrastructure of Sarcocystis bertrami

There is considerable confusion concerning Sarcocystis species in equids. Little is known of Sarcocystis infections in donkeys (Equus asinus). Here we describe the structure of Sarcocystis bertrami-like from the donkey by light microscopy (LM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Nineteen sarcocysts from the tongue of a donkey from Egypt were studied both by LM and TEM. By LM, all sarcocysts had variably shaped and sized projections on the sarcocyst walls, giving it a thin-walled to thick-walled appearance, depending on individual sarcocyst and plane of section. By TEM, sarcocysts walls had villar protrusions (vp) of type 11. The sarcocyst wall had conical to slender vp, up to 6 µm long and 1 µm wide; the vp were folded over the sarcocyst wall. The total thickness of the sarcocyst wall with ground substance layer (gs) was 1-3 µm. The vp had microtubules (mt) that originated deeper in the gs and continued up to the tip. The apical part of the vp had electron dense granules. The mt were configured into 3 types: a tuft of electron dense mt1 extending the entire length of the vp with a tuft of medium electron dense mt2 appearing in parallel, and fine mt3 present only in the villar tips. The gs was mainly smooth with few indistinct granules. All sarcocysts were mature and contained metrocytes and bradyzoites. Bradyzoites were approximately 11-15 × 2-3 µm in size with typical organelles.http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayJournal?jid=PAR2016-07-30hb201

Squamous cell carcinoma of the testis and paratesticular tissue

Testicular tumors occur in 1–1.5 % of cases in the structure of the general oncological morbidity among men and constitute 5 % among tumors of the urogenital tract. In Western Europe, 3–6 new cases are recorded a year per 100 thousand male population. Nevertheless, in relation to young men, this particular type of neoplasm is not only the most common oncological pathology (up to 60 % of all neoplasms), but also the main cause of cancer mortality. Risk factors for developing ovarian cancer include a family history, previous development of a tumor in the contralateral testicle, and components of testicular dysgenesis syndrome (cryptorchidism, hypospadias, spermatogenesis disorders leading to infertility). Tumors of paratesticular tissues are much less common and most of them are benign. Squamous cell carcinoma rarely develops as a primary tumor of the testis and / or paratesticular tissue, isolated cases have been described in the English literature. Secondary damage to the scrotum organs is more frequent, but such situations are usually found in patients of an older age group. This article presents the clinical case and the final results of treatment of a patient with squamous cell carcinoma of paratesticular tissue