Morphometric signature of sediment particles reveals the source and emplacement mechanisms of submarine landslides

The long travel distances recorded by most submarine landslides indicate that changes in particle attributes (shape and size) may occur during their movement. Yet, little is known about the magnitude of such changes, and their underlying physical drivers. In order to understand the failure characteristics of submarine landslides, a dynamic image analyzer was used to characterize the particle size(s), aspect ratio, sphericity, and convexity of 200 samples recovered from two IODP sites (C0018 and C0021) offshore Nankai (SE Japan). The two IODP sites drilled a series of submarine landslides, and undisturbed slope sediment, previously characterized in detail on 3D seismic data. The results of this work reveal no perceptive differences for particle size and shape between landslide and undisturbed slope strata, suggesting that remobilized sediment, sourced from marine deposits accumulated on the upper slope of Nankai do not change through slope instability. This lack of particle attribute differences between remobilized (landslide) and undisturbed sediment, and between the two IODP Sites, suggests limited interaction between particles during their movement. A fluidization mechanism is therefore proposed whereby the soft and saturated state of deep-sea sediment leads to the development of excess pore water pressure. This mechanism maintains movement and inhibits particle-to-particle contact, limiting subsequent particle shape, and size variations in the failed sediment

Efeito de níveis de potássio sobre a produtividade de erva-mate (Ilex paraguariensis St. Hil.) no Município de Ivaí, PR.

Com o objetivo de verificar a resposta da adubação potássica de produção na produtividade da erva-mate, foi conduzido um ensaio no município de Ivaí, PR, em novembro de 1994, em um erval com três anos de idade. Utilizou-se o delineamento em blocos ao acaso com seis repetições, em parcelas com cinco plantas úteis num espaçamento de 2,37m por 2,27m, com bordadura simples. Os tratamentos foram: 0; 30; 60; 90; 120 kg K2O/ha, mais um tratamento com palha, como cobertura morta, proveniente das roçadas das entrelinhas do erval, e outro composto pelo manejo tradicional, desenvolvido na propriedade, que constava de uma simples roçada das entrelinhas. Após quatro safras, concluiu-se que: o tratamento das erveiras com cobertura morta, proveniente do material residual da capina das entrelinhas do erval constitui-se numa prática recomendável por propiciar as maiores produtividades e abrandar os efeitos de adversidades do clima sobre esta variável. O coroamento das plantas, com a aplicação do potássio, pelas sucessivas colheitas anuais, tende a apresentar respostas à esse nutriente a longo prazo. O manejo tradicional do erval, efetuado na propriedade em que foram conduzidos os trabalhos, do ponto de vista da produtividade imediata, é satisfatório

Características de carcaças de búfalos engordados em pastagem nativa de terra inundável.

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Charmonium suppression from purely geometrical effects

The extend to which geometrical effects contribute to the production and suppression of the $J/\psi$ and $q\bar{q}$ minijet pairs in general is investigated for high energy heavy ion collisions at SPS, RHIC and LHC energies. For the energy range under investigation, the geometrical effects referred to are shadowing and anti-shadowing, respectively. Due to those effects, the parton distributions in nuclei deviate from the naive extrapolation from the free nucleon result; $f_{A}\neq A f_{N}$. The strength of the shadowing/anti-shadowing effect increases with the mass number. The consequences of gluonic shadowing effects for the $x_F$ distribution of $J/\psi$'s at $\sqrt s =20$ GeV, $\sqrt s =200$ GeV and $\sqrt s =6$ TeV are calculated for some relevant combinations of nuclei, as well as the $p_T$ distribution of minijets at midrapidity for $N_f=4$ in the final state.Comment: corrected some typos, improved shadowing ratio

Recria e engorda de machos bubalinos em pastagem cultivada de canarana-erecta-lisa (Echinochloa pyramidalis).

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Iogurte de leite de búfala com sabores de frutas da Amazônia.

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