45 research outputs found
In-Line-Test of Variability and Bit-Error-Rate of HfOx-Based Resistive Memory
Spatial and temporal variability of HfOx-based resistive random access memory
(RRAM) are investigated for manufacturing and product designs. Manufacturing
variability is characterized at different levels including lots, wafers, and
chips. Bit-error-rate (BER) is proposed as a holistic parameter for the write
cycle resistance statistics. Using the electrical in-line-test cycle data, a
method is developed to derive BERs as functions of the design margin, to
provide guidance for technology evaluation and product design. The proposed BER
calculation can also be used in the off-line bench test and build-in-self-test
(BIST) for adaptive error correction and for the other types of random access
memories.Comment: 4 pages. Memory Workshop (IMW), 2015 IEEE Internationa
An approximate model for cancellous bone screw fixation
This is the author's accepted manuscript. The final published article is available from the link below. Copyright @ 2013 Taylor & Francis.This paper presents a finite element (FE) model to identify parameters that affect the performance of an improved cancellous bone screw fixation technique, and hence potentially improve fracture treatment. In cancellous bone of low apparent density, it can be difficult to achieve adequate screw fixation and hence provide stable fracture fixation that enables bone healing. Data from predictive FE models indicate that cements can have a significant potential to improve screw holding power in cancellous bone. These FE models are used to demonstrate the key parameters that determine pull-out strength in a variety of screw, bone and cement set-ups, and to compare the effectiveness of different configurations. The paper concludes that significant advantages, up to an order of magnitude, in screw pull-out strength in cancellous bone might be gained by the appropriate use of a currently approved calcium phosphate cement
Foamed Polystyrene in the Marine Environment: Sources, Additives, Transport, Behavior, and Impacts
Decoupled CuO_2 and RuO_2 layers in superconducting and magnetically ordered RuSr_2GdCu_2O_8
Comprehensive measurements of dc and ac susceptibility, dc resistance,
magnetoresistance, Hall resistivity, and microwave absorption and dispersion in
fields up to 8 T have been carried out on RuSr_2GdCu_2O_8 with the aim to
establish the properties of RuO_2 and CuO_2 planes. At ~130 K, where the
magnetic order develops in the RuO_2 planes, one observes a change in the slope
of dc resistance, change in the sign of magnetoresistance, and the appearance
of an extraordinary Hall effect. These features indicate that the RuO_2 planes
are conducting. A detailed analysis of the ac susceptibility and microwave data
on both, ceramic and powder samples show that the penetration depth remains
frequency dependent and larger than the London penetration depth even at low
temperatures. We conclude that the conductivity in the RuO_2 planes remains
normal even when superconducting order is developed in the CuO_2 planes below
\~45 K. Thus, experimental evidence is provided in support of theoretical
models which base the coexistence of superconductivity and magnetic order on
decoupled CuO_2 and RuO_2 planes.Comment: 11 pages, 11 figures, submitted to PR
Standalone Photodynamic Intramedullary Implants in the Treatment of Bilateral Refractory Femoral Nonunions in a Patient with Osteogenesis Imperfecta: Significant Utility in Load-Bearing Bones, But Not a Replacement for Biomechanical Optimization
STLM: A Sidewall TLM Structure for Accurate Extraction of Ultralow Specific Contact Resistivity
We propose a very large scale integration compatible, modified transfer length method (TLM) structure, called sidewall TLM, to minimize the effect of spreading resistance and thus improving the resolution of the TLM method. This is achieved by allowing uniform current collection perpendicularly through the sidewall of the contact. We demonstrate statistically significant specific contact resistivity (rho(c)) extraction of 2 x 10(-8)Omega cm(2) and 5 x 10(-9)Omega cm(2) for n-type and p-type NiSi contacts, respectively, on a 300-mm wafer, which are about 50% less than those extracted using the conventional TLM structure. The proposed structure also shows a tighter distribution in the extracted rho(c) values. The results show the importance of such test structures to accurately extract ultralow rho(c) values relevant to sub-14-nm technology nodes.1188sciescopu