Creating a Culture of Caring in the Perianesthesia Practice

Caring has been described as the essence of nursing. What nurses do as they care for patients and others is multi-dimensional, complex, and essential. Nursing\u27s ability to clearly define and articulate what caring is guides the ethics, values, decisions, and foundations of nursing practice. Caring evokes a range of perceptions, feelings, and experiences for the patient and nurse in the perianesthesia specialty setting. Caring as a pillar of the nursing profession is explored on several levels for the perianesthesia setting. Aspects of caring include perceptions of caring, what denotes a caring environment, the role of nursing leadership in a caring environment, the impact of caring and healing for patients, nurses, and others in the health care field. A proposed model for nursing practice based upon Watson\u27s concepts of caritas nursing and its processes provides the theoretical framework for the nursing professionals and the patients and families served. Interventions that have been currently implemented in the perianesthesia setting of a Midwestern hospital along with a proposed outline for future plans are reviewed and future plans outlined

Development of a Mesoscale Finite Element Constitutive Model for Fiber Kinking

A mesoscale finite element material model is proposed to analyze structures that fail by the fiber kinking damage mode. To evaluate the assumptions of the mesoscale model, the results were compared with those of a high-fidelity micromechanical model. A direct comparison between the two models shows remarkable correlation, indicating that the key features of the fiber kinking phenomenon are appropriately accounted for in the mesoscale model. The mesoscale model is applied to structural analysis cases to demonstrate the capabilities of the model. A verification study is conducted with an unnotched compression specimen and preliminary validation is demonstrated with a notched compression specimen. The results show that the model is successful at representing the kinematics of fiber kinking while at the same time highlighting the need for further verification and validation

Modeling Fiber Kinking at the Microscale and Mesoscale

A computational micromechanics (CMM) model is employed to interrogate the assumptions of a recently developed mesoscale continuum damage mechanics (CDM) model for fiber kinking. The CMM model considers an individually discretized three dimensional fiber and surrounding matrix accounting for nonlinearity in the fiber, matrix plasticity, fiber/matrix interface debonding, and geometric nonlinearity. Key parameters of the CMM model were measured through experiments. In particular, a novel experimental technique to characterize the in situ longitudinal compressive strength of carbon fibers through indentation of micropillars is presented. The CDM model is formulated on the basis of Budiansky's fiber kinking theory (FKT) with a constitutive deformation-decomposition approach to alleviate mesh size sensitivity. In contrast to conventional mesoscale CDM models that prescribe a constitutive response directly, the response of the proposed model is an outcome of material nonlinearity and large rotations of the fiber direction following FKT. Comparison of the predictions from the CMM and CDM models shows remarkable correlation in strength, post-peak residual stress, and fiber rotation, with less than 10% difference between the two models in most cases. Additional comparisons are made with several fiber kinking models proposed in the literature to highlight the efficacy of the two models. Finally, the CMM model is exercised in parametric studies to explore opportunities to improve the longitudinal compression strength of a ply through the use of nonconventional microstructures

Intracellular interferons in fish : a unique means to combat viral infection

Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Nonfactorizable contributions to the decay mode D^0 -> K^0 \bar{K^0}

We point out that the decay mode D^0 -> K^0 \bar{K^0} has no factorizable contribution. In the chiral perturbation language, treating D^0 as heavy, the O(p) contribution is zero. We calculate the nonfactorizable chiral loop contributions of order O(p^3). Then, we use a heavy-light type chiral quark model to calculate nonfactorizable tree level terms, also of order O(p^3), proportional to the gluon condensate. We find that both the chiral loops and the gluon condensate contributions are of the same order of magnitude as the experimental amplitude.Comment: 20 pages, 8 figure