1,657 research outputs found
Active proliferation of Rous sarcoma virus-infected, but not normal, chicken heart mesenchymal cells in culture medium of physiological composition.
Strong ExB shear flows in the pedestal region in H-mode plasma
We report the first experimental observation of stationary zonal flows in the
pedestal region of the H-mode plasma in the H-1 toroidal heliac. Strong peaks
in E_r shear mark the top and foot of the density pedestal. Strong m=n=0
low-frequency (f < 0.6 kHz) zonal flows are observed in regions of increased
E_r, suggesting substantial contribution of zonal flows to the spatial
modulation of E_r radial profiles. Radial localization of zonal flows is
correlated with a region of zero magnetic shear and low-order (7/5) rational
surfaces.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figure
Tau Polarization in and
We discuss the longitudinal and transverse -polarization in inclusive
decays of hadrons containing -quarks. The calculation is performed by means
of an OPE in HQET. Some mathematical difficulties in calculating transverse
polarizations are explained. Numerical results are presented for longitudinal
and for transverse polarizations, both in and perpendicular to the decay plane.Comment: LATEX, 20 pages, 5 Postscript figure
Signal generation mechanisms in scanning-electron acoustic microscopy of ionic crystals
MgO crystals have been studied by scanningâelectron acoustic microscopy under different experimental conditions. Contrast mechanisms in imaging are discussed and compared. The experimental results obtained by earthing or nonearthing the specimenâtransducer interface suggest the existence of a signal generation mechanism that is related to the ionic nature of these kind of crystals. Electronâacoustic microscopy appears then to be a useful tool for the characterization of ionic materials
Quantifying the Subjective Brightness of Retroreflective Material Using Magnitude Estimations
Ten small patches of retroreflective material were evaluated using a method of magnitude estimation to quantify the effect of changing the coefficient of retroreflection (RA) on brightness perception. Seventeen undergraduates participated. The results show that brightness is tightly linked with RA. Brightness was influenced more by changes in lower RA than changes in higher RA and follows Stevenâs power law for brightness. Practical and theoretical implications are discusse
Equilibrium solutions of the shallow water equations
A statistical method for calculating equilibrium solutions of the shallow
water equations, a model of essentially 2-d fluid flow with a free surface, is
described. The model contains a competing acoustic turbulent {\it direct}
energy cascade, and a 2-d turbulent {\it inverse} energy cascade. It is shown,
nonetheless that, just as in the corresponding theory of the inviscid Euler
equation, the infinite number of conserved quantities constrain the flow
sufficiently to produce nontrivial large-scale vortex structures which are
solutions to a set of explicitly derived coupled nonlinear partial differential
equations.Comment: 4 pages, no figures. Submitted to Physical Review Letter
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Evaluation of person-level heterogeneity of treatment effects in published multiperson N-of-1 studies: systematic review and reanalysis.
OBJECTIVE:Individual patients with the same condition may respond differently to similar treatments. Our aim is to summarise the reporting of person-level heterogeneity of treatment effects (HTE) in multiperson N-of-1 studies and to examine the evidence for person-level HTE through reanalysis. STUDY DESIGN:Systematic review and reanalysis of multiperson N-of-1 studies. DATA SOURCES:Medline, Cochrane Controlled Trials, EMBASE, Web of Science and review of references through August 2017 for N-of-1 studies published in English. STUDY SELECTION:N-of-1 studies of pharmacological interventions with at least two subjects. DATA SYNTHESIS:Citation screening and data extractions were performed in duplicate. We performed statistical reanalysis testing for person-level HTE on all studies presenting person-level data. RESULTS:We identified 62 multiperson N-of-1 studies with at least two subjects. Statistical tests examining HTE were described in only 13 (21%), of which only two (3%) tested person-level HTE. Only 25 studies (40%) provided person-level data sufficient to reanalyse person-level HTE. Reanalysis using a fixed effect linear model identified statistically significant person-level HTE in 8 of the 13 studies (62%) reporting person-level treatment effects and in 8 of the 14 studies (57%) reporting person-level outcomes. CONCLUSIONS:Our analysis suggests that person-level HTE is common and often substantial. Reviewed studies had incomplete information on person-level treatment effects and their variation. Improved assessment and reporting of person-level treatment effects in multiperson N-of-1 studies are needed
Clustering of matter in waves and currents
The growth rate of small-scale density inhomogeneities (the entropy
production rate) is given by the sum of the Lyapunov exponents in a random
flow. We derive an analytic formula for the rate in a flow of weakly
interacting waves and show that in most cases it is zero up to the fourth order
in the wave amplitude. We then derive an analytic formula for the rate in a
flow of potential waves and solenoidal currents. Estimates of the rate and the
fractal dimension of the density distribution show that the interplay between
waves and currents is a realistic mechanism for providing patchiness of
pollutant distribution on the ocean surface.Comment: 4 pages, 1 figur
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