Gaining comprehensive data about sexual knowledge through surveys

Background: Delivery of sexual health services rely on rigorous facts extracted from surveys, but often those facts cannot be available due to the lack of culturally-sensitive questionnaires. Objective: our aim was to show the validity and reliability of the Persian version of the Acquisition of Sexual Information Test (ASIT), a measure selected due to its assemblages with Iranian culture. Materials and Methods: Forward-backward procedure was applied to translate the questionnaire. Cross-sectional study was carried out and psychometric properties of the Iranian version were tested in a thirty sample of reproductive-age women. Face validity was assessed by qualitative and quantitative methods. Content validity was also assessed by calculating two quantitative indicators as content validity index (CVI) and content validity ratio (CVR). Reliability was assessed by test-retest analyses. Results: Impact score was 1.5, the majority of participants (83.3%) stated that the overall level of questionnaire was high but some of the questions were irrelevant to sexual knowledge. Many questions (90%) gained a CVR less than 0.56, and all of them gained CVIs lower than 0.7. Correlation in test-retest reliability was 0.85

Tool Support for Class Library Reuse

OO-CaRE is a classification and retrieval tool to support reuse of class libraries. The tool is based on the faceted classification method where a component is classified using a collection of terms belonging to different facets. The tool provides a retrieval mechanism which returns the set of matching classes and their "closeness" to the the given query. The priority of a facet (signifying its importance) can be dynamically set by the reuser thus providing additional flexibility in the formulation of queries. The tool is built in the Eiffel environment using Eiffel class libraries. 1 Introduction Software reuse still remains an exception rather than a rule despite the simplicity of the idea and its attractive benefits [Boehm 87, Brooks 87]. Reuse in the traditional software development paradigms has had various levels of successes and failures [Sajeev 95]. In recent years however, object-orientation (OO) has given a new hope for solving the problems on the road to software reuse. It ..

The Relationship between CO Ambient and Low Birth Weight

Background and Objectives: LBW is the strongest factor related to prenatal, neonatal, postnatal and childhood mortality and morbidity. Air pollution is one of the risk factors that is recently gaining attention. This study was carried out to determine the relationship between the CO ambient and low birth weight in women referring to Tehran hospitals in 2007-2008. Methods: In this historical cohort study 225 pregnant women having lived within 5 kilometers of a monitoring station during pregnancy and referring to selected hospitals in Tehran were investigated. An information questionnaire was used for data collection and sampling was done by multistage sampling and convenience method. Women were assigned to low exposure group and high exposure group based on mean exposure to each pollutant during pregnancy. These two groups were matched with respect to confounding factors. SPSS software version 15, T statistics, 2, Man Withnney, and Relative Risk procedures were used for data analysis.Results: The result showed that 31.6% of CO high exposure group and 7.4% of CO low exposure group had Low birth weight baby. The result also showed a significant relationship between exposure to high amount of CO and LBW (p=0.001). Relative Risk calculated with confidence interval (RR=4/67, CI=(1/76-9/43) was found to be 95% and the amount of attributable risk was 66%.Conclusion: Based on these finding, exposure to carbon monoxide pollution can cause LBW. There should be an educational program about the disadvantages of CO pollutant on pregnant women living in densely populated areas of the city. Moreover, practical approaches should be provided to reduce these pollutants

Relationship between air pollution (sulfur dioxide)

IntroductionLow birth weight as a result of premature labor or limited intrauterine growth is the most important measure of neonatal mortality. It has many causes of which air pollution has been recently gained attention. The Purpose of this historical cohort study was to determine the relationship between sulfur dioxide and low birth weight in term neonates of women referring to selected hospitals in Tehran in 2007. Materials and Methods225 women referring to selected hospitals and residing at 5-Km distance from stations for air pollution measurement were selected. An information form was used to collect data. Its validity and reliability were achieved by content and test-retest methods respectively. Women were divided into 2 groups of exposure (low and high) according to their contact with the pollutant. The groups were matched in terms of factors effective on low birth weight.  ResultsFindings showed a significant relationship between sulfur dioxide and low birth weight (