8 research outputs found

    Π“ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π»Π°Π½ΠΎΠ· Π˜Ρ‚ΠΎ: описаниС клиничСского случая

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    This work is devoted to a literature review and description of a clinical case of Hypomelanosis of Ito. Considering the rare frequency of the disease, not much literature data has been accumulated to date. The description of the disease can be interesting for a number of reasons. Hypomelanosis of Ito is a congenital variant of phacomatosis affecting the skin and nervous system. The disease appears sporadic. The majority of cases are diagnosed clinically, which is due to the lack of a precisely established molecular defect and, as a result, the Β«difficultiesΒ» of molecular diagnostic. This is evidenced by the absence of standard genetic analysis. Cytogenetic and molecular genetic diagnostic methods often do not establish a Β«causalΒ» mutation. This description of the clinical case of the disease is dedicated to the child who was observed in the Department of Pediatric Neurology of Saint-Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University. The patient was diagnosed clinically in early childhood; the leading symptoms of the disease were delayed speech development and epileptic seizures. No family history of neurocutaneous disorders was noted.Given the different approaches to the genetic verification of the syndrome, some methods of cytogenetic diagnostics were performed at the department, as the most frequently prescribed study to date. According to the results of the studies, no damage was found. Given the fact that genetic verification itself does not affect the prognosis and management of patients, it was decided not to continue molecular diagnostics.Данная Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π° посвящСна Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€Π½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ ΠΎΠ±Π·ΠΎΡ€Ρƒ ΠΈ описанию клиничСского случая Π³ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π»Π°Π½ΠΎΠ·Π° Π˜Ρ‚ΠΎ. Учитывая Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΠΊΡƒΡŽ частоту встрСчаСмости Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΈ, Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π½Π° сСгодняшний дСнь Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ. ОписаниС заболСвания ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ интСрСсным ΠΏΠΎ ряду ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½. Π“ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π»Π°Π½ΠΎΠ· Π˜Ρ‚ΠΎ являСтся Π²Ρ€ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ Ρ„Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ·Π°, ΠΏΠΎΡ€Π°ΠΆΠ°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠΆΡƒ ΠΈ Π½Π΅Ρ€Π²Π½ΡƒΡŽ систСму. Π—Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ носит спорадичСский Ρ…Π°Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€. Π”ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΠ· Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Π²Π° случаСв выставляСтся клиничСски, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ связано с отсутствиСм Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎ установлСнного молСкулярного Π΄Π΅Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° ΠΈ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ слСдствиС, «слоТностями» Π² гСнСтичСской диагностикС. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ отсутствиС стандартного гСнСтичСского Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°. ЦитогСнСтичСскиС ΠΈ молСкулярно-гСнСтичСскиС ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ диагностики Π·Π°Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡƒΡŽ Π½Π΅ ΡƒΡΡ‚Π°Π½Π°Π²Π»ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ Β«ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½Π½ΡƒΡŽΒ» ΠΌΡƒΡ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ.Π”Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ описаниС клиничСского случая Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΈ посвящСно Ρ€Π΅Π±Π΅Π½ΠΊΡƒ, Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡŽΠ΄Π°Π²ΡˆΠ΅ΠΌΡƒΡΡ Π² ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ дСтской Π½Π΅Π²Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ Π‘ΠŸΠ±Π“ΠŸΠœΠ£. Π”ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΠ· ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Ρƒ Π±Ρ‹Π» установлСн Π² Ρ€Π°Π½Π½Π΅ΠΌ дСтском возрастС Π² соотвСтствии с клиничСскими критСриями, Π²Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡ‰ΠΈΠΌΠΈ симптомами Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΈ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ Π·Π°Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΠ° психорСчСвого развития ΠΈ эпилСптичСскиС приступы. Π‘Π΅ΠΌΠ΅ΠΉΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π°Π½Π°ΠΌΠ½Π΅Π· ΠΏΠΎ Π½Π΅ΠΉΡ€ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ Π½Π΅ отягощСн. Учитывая Ρ€Π°Π·Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ ΠΊ гСнСтичСской Π²Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ синдрома, Π½Π° ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π±Ρ‹Π»Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π° цитогСнСтичСская диагностика ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ часто Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ΅ исслСдованиС Π½Π° сСгодняшний дСнь. По Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Π°ΠΌ исслСдований ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΎ Π½Π΅ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ. Учитывая Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ сама ΠΏΠΎ сСбС гСнСтичСская вСрификация Π½Π΅ влияСт Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΎΠ· ΠΈ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΡƒ вСдСния Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ…, Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ принято Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡΡ€Π½ΡƒΡŽ диагностику. Π’ настоящСй Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π΅ описана Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠ° диагностики, лСчСния ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠΎ-гСнСтичСского ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ сСмьи

    ΠœΠžΠ›Π•ΠšΠ£Π›Π―Π ΠΠž-Π“Π•ΠΠ•Π’Π˜Π§Π•Π‘ΠšΠ˜Π™ Β«ΠŸΠžΠ Π’Π Π•Π’Β» РАКА ΠœΠžΠ›ΠžΠ§ΠΠžΠ™ Π–Π•Π›Π•Π—Π«

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    Understanding genetic mechanisms and detection of biological markers of tumor growth forms an individual molecular phenotype oftransformed cells that characterizes stage of tumor, the ability to metastasize, hormonal sensitivity, chemotherapyefficiencyetc. Mutations inΒ proto- and anti-oncogenes controlling mitotic activity of cells and their ability to DNA reparation are often found in tumor cells in patients withΒ cancer. Defects of classical tumor suppressor genes (BRCA1/2, CHEK2, ATM, PALB2, NBS1, TP53, etc.) determine the hereditary predispositionΒ to breast cancer caused by genomic instability and appearance of Β«chimericΒ» genes, aneuploidies and chromosomal aberrations. Breast cancer isΒ a genetically heterogeneous disease with various molecular, biological and clinical features. Identificationof the molecular phenotype of breastΒ carcinomas is an important prognostic factor of the disease, and it helps to individualize the therapeutic approach for patients.ПониманиС гСнСтичСских ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠ² ΠΈ выявлСниС биологичСских ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΠΊΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² ΠΎΠΏΡƒΡ…ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ роста Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉΒ ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡΡ€Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ„Π΅Π½ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠΏ трансформированных ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ…Π°Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ ΡΡ‚Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½ΡŒ злокачСствСнности ΠΎΠΏΡƒΡ…ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ, ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΒ ΠΊ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π°ΡΡ‚Π°Π·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ, Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΡƒΡŽ Ρ‡ΡƒΠ²ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ, ΡΡ„Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ…ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠΎΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ Ρ‚. Π΄. Π’ опухолях ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² с онкологичСскими заболСваниями ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΌΡƒΡ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎ- ΠΈ Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… ΠΌΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΡƒΡŽ Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ ΠΈΒ ΠΈΡ… ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊ Ρ€Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π”ΠΠš. Π”Π΅Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ‹ классичСских Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ²-супрСссоров ΠΎΠΏΡƒΡ…ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ роста (BRCA1/2, CHEK2, ATM, PALB2,Β NBS1, TP53 ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€.) Π΄Π΅Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ Π½Π°ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π²Π΅Π½Π½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Ρ€Π°ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊ Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΡŽ Ρ€Π°ΠΊΠ° ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π΅Π·Ρ‹ (Π ΠœΠ–), ΠΎΠ±ΡƒΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡƒΡŽ Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΡ‚Π°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ° ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Β«Ρ…ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π½Ρ‹Ρ…Β» Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ², Π°Π½Π΅ΡƒΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ хромосомных Π°Π±Π΅Ρ€Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ.Β Π ΠœΠ– прСдставляСт собой гСнСтичСски Π³Π΅Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ с Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ молСкулярно-биологичСскими ΠΈ клиничСскими особСнностями. Π˜Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡ молСкулярного Ρ„Π΅Π½ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠΏΠ° ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ†ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π΅Π·Ρ‹ являСтся Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ прогностичСским фактором заболСвания ΠΈ позволяСт ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π»Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ…

    ΠœΠ•Π”Π˜ΠšΠž-Π“Π•ΠΠ•Π’Π˜Π§Π•Π‘ΠšΠžΠ• ΠšΠžΠΠ‘Π£Π›Π¬Π’Π˜Π ΠžΠ’ΠΠΠ˜Π• ПРИ НАБЛЕДБВВЕННЫΠ₯ ЀОРМАΠ₯ РАКА ΠœΠžΠ›ΠžΠ§ΠΠžΠ™ Π–Π•Π›Π•Π—Π« И РАКА Π―Π˜Π§ΠΠ˜ΠšΠžΠ’

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    Hereditary breast and ovarian cancer is one of the most common genetic pathology. Medical and genetic counseling of patients with hereditary breast and ovarian cancer and their families plays the important role in cancer care, as it helps to develop the set of diagnostic, preventive and therapeutic measures aimed at monitoring healthy individuals and to create personalized approaches to the treatment of patients.НаслСдствСнный Ρ€Π°ΠΊ ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π΅Π·Ρ‹ ΠΈ яичников являСтся ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ· самых распространСнных гСнСтичСских ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ. МСдико-гСнСтичСскоС ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² с наслСдствСнными Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Ρ€Π°ΠΊΠ° ΠΈ Ρ‡Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ² ΠΈΡ… сСмСй являСтся Π½Π΅ΠΎΡ‚ΡŠΠ΅ΠΌΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ оказания онкологичСской ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΠΈ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ позволяСт Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ комплСкс диагностичСских, профилактичСских ΠΈ Π»Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π±Π½Ρ‹Ρ… мСроприятий, Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π½Π° наблюдСниС Π·Π° Π·Π΄ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΡƒΡƒΠΌΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ созданиС пСрсонифицированных ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΊ Π»Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²

    MOLECULAR-GENETIC Β«PORTRAITΒ» OF BREAST CANCER

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    Understanding genetic mechanisms and detection of biological markers of tumor growth forms an individual molecular phenotype oftransformed cells that characterizes stage of tumor, the ability to metastasize, hormonal sensitivity, chemotherapyefficiencyetc. Mutations inΒ proto- and anti-oncogenes controlling mitotic activity of cells and their ability to DNA reparation are often found in tumor cells in patients withΒ cancer. Defects of classical tumor suppressor genes (BRCA1/2, CHEK2, ATM, PALB2, NBS1, TP53, etc.) determine the hereditary predispositionΒ to breast cancer caused by genomic instability and appearance of Β«chimericΒ» genes, aneuploidies and chromosomal aberrations. Breast cancer isΒ a genetically heterogeneous disease with various molecular, biological and clinical features. Identificationof the molecular phenotype of breastΒ carcinomas is an important prognostic factor of the disease, and it helps to individualize the therapeutic approach for patients

    MEDICAL AND GENETIC COUNSELING OF HEREDITARY BREAST AND OVARIAN CANCER

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    Hereditary breast and ovarian cancer is one of the most common genetic pathology. Medical and genetic counseling of patients with hereditary breast and ovarian cancer and their families plays the important role in cancer care, as it helps to develop the set of diagnostic, preventive and therapeutic measures aimed at monitoring healthy individuals and to create personalized approaches to the treatment of patients

    Development of A Method for Constructing Linguistic Standards for Multi-criteria Assessment of Honeypot Efficiency

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    One of the pressing areas that is developing in the field of information security is associated with the use of Honeypots (virtual decoys, online traps), and the selection of criteria for determining the most effective Honeypots and their further classification is an urgent task. The main products that implement virtual decoy technologies are presented. They are often used to study the behavior, approaches and methods that an unauthorized party uses to gain unauthorized access to information system resources. Online hooks can simulate any resource, but more often they look like real production servers and workstations. A number of fairly effective developments are known that are used to solve the problems of detecting attacks on information system resources, which are based on the apparatus of fuzzy sets. They showed the effectiveness of the appropriate mathematical apparatus, the use of which, for example, to formalize the approach to the formation of a set of reference values that will improve the process of determining the most effective Honeypots. For this purpose, many characteristics have been formed (installation and configuration process, usage and support process, data collection, logging level, simulation level, interaction level) that determine the properties of online traps. These characteristics became the basis for developing a method for the formation of standards of linguistic variables for further selection of the most effective Honeypots. The method is based on the formation of a Honeypots set, subsets of characteristics and identifier values of linguistic estimates of the Honeypot characteristics, a base and derived frequency matrix, as well as on the construction of fuzzy terms and reference fuzzy numbers with their visualization. This will allow classifying and selecting the most effective virtual baits in the future
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