3,972 research outputs found
Monte Carlo Simulations of Quantum Spin Systems in the Valence Bond Basis
We discuss a projector Monte Carlo method for quantum spin models formulated
in the valence bond basis, using the S=1/2 Heisenberg antiferromagnet as an
example. Its singlet ground state can be projected out of an arbitrary basis
state as the trial state, but a more rapid convergence can be obtained using a
good variational state. As an alternative to first carrying out a time
consuming variational Monte Carlo calculation, we show that a very good trial
state can be generated in an iterative fashion in the course of the simulation
itself. We also show how the properties of the valence bond basis enable
calculations of quantities that are difficult to obtain with the standard basis
of Sz eigenstates. In particular, we discuss quantities involving
finite-momentum states in the triplet sector, such as the dispersion relation
and the spectral weight of the lowest triplet.Comment: 15 pages, 7 figures, for the proceedings of "Computer Simulation
Studies in Condensed Matter Physics XX
Spin pumping by a field-driven domain wall
We calculate the charge current in a metallic ferromagnet to first order in
the time derivative of the magnetization direction. Irrespective of the
microscopic details, the result can be expressed in terms of the conductivities
of the majority and minority electrons and the non-adiabatic spin transfer
torque parameter . The general expression is evaluated for the specific
case of a field-driven domain wall and for that case depends strongly on the
ratio of and the Gilbert damping constant. These results may provide an
experimental method to determine this ratio, which plays a crucial role for
current-driven domain-wall motion.Comment: 4 pages, 1 figure v2: some typos corrected v3: published versio
Spraying practice for orchard and garden
This bulletin tells briefly how to fight the more common insect pests and plant diseases which infest Iowa orchards and gardens, especial attention being given to the apple. The directions are up-to-date and are based upon the work of scientific investigators and the experience of practical fruit growers. While they are given to meet the peculiar needs under Iowa conditions, they are nevertheless general, and the strength of the mixtures and number of sprayings will need to be varied somewhat to meet changing conditions
Iowa 403 —A New Seedling Apple
One of the promising seedling apples originated at the Iowa Experiment Station Is now offered to the nurserymen of the state under the label Iowa 403. It is hoped that the nurserymen will assist In making a thorough test of the variety, so that as soon as possible Its value for planting In this region may be determined. The distribution at this time will consist solely of clons. Since the nurserymen, as a class, are prepared to give the clons more skillful attention than other people, this distribution Is to be offered to all Iowa nurserymen whose names appear on the 1914 list of the State Inspector. Later distribution will be made to others who may be Interested In testing this apple
The analysis of reactively loaded microstrip antennas by finite difference time domain modelling
In recent years, much interest has been shown in the use of printed circuit antennas in mobile satellite and communications terminals at microwave frequencies. Although such antennas have many advantages in weight and profile size over more conventional reflector/horn configurations, they do, however, suffer from an inherently narrow bandwidth. A way of optimizing the bandwidth of such antennas by an electronic tuning technique using a loaded probe mounted within the antenna structure is examined, and the resulting far-field radiation patterns are shown. Simulation results from a 2D finite difference time domain (FDTD) model for a rectangular microstrip antenna loaded with shorting pins are given and compared to results obtained with an actual antenna. It is hoped that this work will result in a design package for the analysis of microstrip patch antenna elements
Standard-M mobile satellite terminal employing electronic beam squint tracking
In recent years, extensive experience has been built up at the University of Bristol in the use of the Electronic Beam Squint (EBS) tracking technique, applied to large earth station facilities. The current interest in land mobile satellite terminals, using small tracking antennas, has prompted the investigation of the applicability of the EBS technique to this environment. The development of an L-band mechanically steered vehicle antenna is presented. A description of the antenna is followed by a detailed investigation of the tracking environment and its implications on the error detection capability of the system. Finally, the overall hardware configuration is described along with plans for future work
High-Q Gold and Silicon Nitride Bilayer Nanostrings
Low-mass, high-Q, silicon nitride nanostrings are at the cutting edge of
nanomechanical devices for sensing applications. Here we show that the addition
of a chemically functionalizable gold overlayer does not adversely affect the Q
of the fundamental out-of-plane mode. Instead the device retains its mechanical
responsiveness while gaining sensitivity to molecular bonding. Furthermore,
differences in thermal expansion within the bilayer give rise to internal
stresses that can be electrically controlled. In particular, an alternating
current excites resonant motion of the nanostring. This AC thermoelastic
actuation is simple, robust, and provides an integrated approach to sensor
actuation.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures + supplementary materia
Spraying calendar
Insects and fungi cause Iowa fruit growers and gardeners a loss which in the aggregate amounts to hundreds of thousands of dollars annually. They cause fruit and vegetables to rot and to be wormy and knotty or scabby; they damage blossoms and blossom buds and so interfere more or less with the setting of the fruit; they, destroy a vast amount of foliage or injure it in such a way as to interfere with its work of building up the special kinds of food which the plant must have in order properly to sustain its life, to support its growth, to form fruit buds for the following year, and to store away in its roots, trunk, and branches the reserve supply which it needs to support its active growth during the spring until the new leaves are fully developed and ready for work. Fortunately many of the worst of these insects and diseases may be kept well under control by proper, treatment as outlined in this spraying calendar. It is not best always to follow these general recommendations exactly. The strength of the mixtures and the number of treatments should be varied to fit special cases. It must be left for the manager of the work to decide this matter, but let him remember that, as a rule, the Iowa fruit grower who would be most successful under present conditions must spray systematically and thoroughly every year
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