Revisão de Trimezia Salisb. ex Herb. (Iridaceae) para o Brasil

The genus Trimezia is characterized by having herbs with low or medium size, plane or terete leaves with underground system in the form of a corm covered by spireled fibrous cataphylls. The floral morphology is vey distinctive, showing revolute internal tepal densely covered by stipes and trifide or bifide styles. The genus has a present 18 valid species and is distributed in tropical or subtropical regions of the American continent, especially in central Brazil. In this country, 13 species occur, 10 of them being endemic to Brazil and three occuring also in parts of Central America, Venezuela, Peru, Colombia, Argentina and Paraguay. Trimezia has its genetic diversity in “campos rupestres” vegetation of Minas Gerais, were nine species occur, seven of them occuring on more than one mountain, but Trimezia fistulosa is endemic of Serra do Cipó and T. plicatifolia is endemic to Serra do Cabral.O gênero Trimezia caracteriza-se por ser formado por ervas perenes de pequeno a mediano porte, com folhas planas ou cilíndricas e sistema subterrâneo na forma de um cormo alongado e coberto por catáfilos fibrosos. A morfologia floral é bastante característica por apresentar tépalas internas revolutas e densamente estriadas e estiletes cilíndricos, bífidos ou trífidos nos ápices. O gênero conta atualmente com 18 espécies validamente descritas e está distribuído nas regiões tropical e subtropical do continente americano, notadamente no Brasil Central. No Brasil, constatou-se a ocorrência de 13 espécies, sendo 10 restritas ao país e três que estendem sua área de ocorrência em parte da América Central, Venezuela, Peru, Colômbia, Argentina e Paraguai. O gênero está bem representado nas regiões Centro-Oeste e Sudeste, especialmente nos Estados de Minas Gerais, Goiás, Mato Grosso e Mato Grosso do Sul, com algumas espécies ocorrendo em São Paulo, Paraná, Rio de Janeiro, Bahia e Maranhão. Trimezia tem centro de diversidade genética nos campos rupestres de Minas Gerais, com nove espécies, com sete espécies ocorrendo em duas ou mais serras, porém T. fistulosa é endêmica da Serra do Cipó e T. plicatifolia da Serra do Cabral

Growing knowledge: an overview of Seed Plant diversity in Brazil

Abstract An updated inventory of Brazilian seed plants is presented and offers important insights into the country's biodiversity. This work started in 2010, with the publication of the Plants and Fungi Catalogue, and has been updated since by more than 430 specialists working online. Brazil is home to 32,086 native Angiosperms and 23 native Gymnosperms, showing an increase of 3% in its species richness in relation to 2010. The Amazon Rainforest is the richest Brazilian biome for Gymnosperms, while the Atlantic Rainforest is the richest one for Angiosperms. There was a considerable increment in the number of species and endemism rates for biomes, except for the Amazon that showed a decrease of 2.5% of recorded endemics. However, well over half of Brazillian seed plant species (57.4%) is endemic to this territory. The proportion of life-forms varies among different biomes: trees are more expressive in the Amazon and Atlantic Rainforest biomes while herbs predominate in the Pampa, and lianas are more expressive in the Amazon, Atlantic Rainforest, and Pantanal. This compilation serves not only to quantify Brazilian biodiversity, but also to highlight areas where there information is lacking and to provide a framework for the challenge faced in conserving Brazil's unique and diverse flora