The Sometimes “Craven Watchdog”: The Disparate Criminal-Civil Application of the Presumption Against Extraterritoriality

Increasingly, courts must decide whether U.S. law applies extraterritorially. Courts largely resolve questions of extraterritorial scope using tools of statutory construction. Of these tools, the presumption against extraterritoriality has been ascendant. However, this presumption is subject to two divergent lines of cases: Morrison v. National Australia Bank Ltd. affirmed the strict operation of the presumption in civil cases, but United States v. Bowman continues to govern the presumption\u27s looser role in criminal cases, thereby creating a doctrinal asymmetry. This Note furthers the argument that courts should reconcile Morrison and Bowman, by laying out three arguments for why an expansive Bowman exception is problematic and unsustainable. First, the two lines of cases create unjustified doctrinal incoherencies, given the interrelated contexts in which the presumption is applied and the rationales underlying the presumption. Second, an expansive exception to the presumption in criminal contexts undermines the smart allocation of authority between the branches of government. Finally, an expansive Bowman exception runs counter to the tradition of offering fair notice of criminal law\u27s prohibitions. This Note asserts that these arguments counsel for the abrogation or, at least, substantial narrowing of the Bowman exception, to harmonize it with Morrison\u27s stricter vision of the presumption against extraterritoriality

The Theory of Steady, One-dimensional, Laminar Flame Propagation for One-step Chemical Reactions

The Theory of Steady, One-dimensional, Laminar Flame Propagation for One-step Chemical Reactions. The present status of the theory of one-dimensional, steady, laminar flame propagation for one-step chemical reactions is reviewed with particular emphasis on methods of solution and on the physical processes that dominate observable results

Possible Aeolian megaripples on Mars

Viking orbiter image frames 442B01-10, at 8 m/pxl resolution show that valley floors are not smooth at all, but rather are covered with mounds of material interpreted as dunes. Striations oriented perpendicular to the valley axis can be seen in several locations. The striations are here interpreted to be aeolian megaripples formed from debris weathered from the yardangs. Terrestrial aeolian megaripples have wavelengths up to 25 m; it is not unreasonable that larger megaripples might form under favorable Martian conditions, given the wind speeds available and the lower Martian gravity. If the megaripple interpretation is correct, then by terrestrial analog the deposit in which they occur has a bimodal particle size distribution. One size will undergo saltation; the other, concentrated at the crests of the megaripples, is too large/and or too dense to be put into saltation. For Mars the former is sand-sized, the latter gravel-sized, provided the materials have typical densities

Measuring athlete imagery ability: the Sport Imagery Ability Questionnaire

Based on literature identifying movement imagery, observation, and execution to elicit similar areas of neural activity, research has demonstrated movement imagery and observation to successfully prime movement execution. To investigate whether movement and observation could prime ease of imaging from an external visual imagery perspective, an internal visual imagery perspective, and kinaesthetic modality, 36 participants (M$_{age}$ = 20.58; SD = 3.11; 18 female, 18 male) completed the Movement Imagery Questionnaire-3 under four modes of delivery (movement prime, external observation prime, internal observation prime, and image-only). Results revealed ease of imaging was significantly greater during the movement and observation prime conditions compared to the image-only condition (p < .05). Specifically when priming external visual imagery and internal visual imagery, observation only facilitated ease of imaging when the perspective was congruent with the imagery perspective. Results support the utilization of movement and observation to facilitate ease of imaging, but highlight the importance of considering visual perspective when using observation

Crystal growing by electrodeposition from dense gaseous solutions

Single crystals and dendritic formations of silver are grown on platinum electrodes by electrodeposition from a dense gaseous solution of silver nitrate in ammonia. Process is modification of hydrothermal process, and also differs from standard electrodeposition by permitting single crystals to be grown from hydrogen-bonded solvents

A follow-up study of the social adjustment of referred children after group termination

Thesis (M.S.)--Boston Universit