Heat pump assisted distillation with an external working fluid

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Pembuatan dan Karakterisasi Minyak Goreng Rendah Kalori Xilitol Poliester

Xilitol poliester was produced by esterification involving xilitol and fatty acid metil ester (FAME) from DALMS (destilate fatty acid from palm oil). The reaction was affected by : reaction time, temperature and reactant molar ratio. Optimum condition based on response surface methodology (RSM) analysis was as follows : reaction time 6,78 h, reaction temperature 144,5ºC, substrate molar ratio 10, 3:1 and convertion of xilitol poliester 86,4%. Xilitol poliester produced was composed of short chain fatty acid. The physical properties of xilitol poliester (smoke point, melting point, refractive index, spesific gravity and viscosity) were little bit lower than those of palm oil. Analysis of hydrophilic lipophilic balance showed that xilitol poliester may be used as emulsifier. Hydrolitie activity of pancreatic lipase to xilitol poliester lower than that of palm oil. Perokside value of xilitol poliester was lower than that of palm oil

Experimental study of the operating characteristics of a heat pump assisted distillation system using R11 as the external working fluid

Heat pump assisted distillation with an external working fluid is one of the most obvious methods to reduce the energy consumption in a distillation process. The heat pump working fluid extracts heat from the top of the column, increases the temperature of the recovered heat and recycles it to provide the heat input to the reboiler. The interaction between the external parameters and the internal parameters for a specially designed heat pump assisted distillation system has been studied experimentally. The external parameters were mass flow rate, temperature and concentration of the feed, the concentration of the top and bottom products and the mass flow rate of the working fluid. The effects of the variations of these external parameters on the internal parameters such as the energy (steam) consumption, the actual coefficient of performance and the temperatures at the top and bottom of the column, together with the condensation and evaporation temperatures, are presented.