Comparison of the chemical composition of char from waste car tires to the coke breeze used in the iron ore sintering process

The increasing automotive development generates large amount of waste car tires, which cannot be landfilled and the reuse level of raw materials used in vehicles production must achieve at least 95 %. The calorific value of waste tires is very high and they can be considered as energy carries, for example in the form of char generated during pyrolysis process. The article presents the results of chemical analysis of char samples and parameters which are crucial from the environment and iron ore sintering process point of view. The results show, that char samples with high carbon content, low sulfur, zinc and pyrolysis oil content can be applied in the iron ore sintering process

Sediment geochemistry of streams draining abandoned lead / zinc mines in central Wales: the Afon Twymyn

Purpose Despite the decline of metal mining in the UK during the early 20th century, a substantial legacy of heavy metal contamination persists in river channel and floodplain sediments. Poor sediment quality is likely to impede the achievement of ’good’ chemical and ecological status for surface waters under the European Union Water Framework Directive. This paper examines the environmental legacy of the Dylife lead/zinc mine in the central Wales mining district. Leachable heavy metal concentrations in the bed sediments of the Afon Twymyn are established and the geochemical partitioning, potential mobility and bioavailability of sediment-associated heavy metals are established. Materials and methods Sediment samples were collected from the river bed and dry-sieved into two size fractions (<63 μm and 64–2,000 μm). The fractionated samples were then subjected to a sequential extraction procedure to isolate heavy metals (Pb, Zn, Cu, Cd, Fe, Mn) in three different geochemical phases. Sediment samples were then analysed for heavy metals using ICP-AES. Results and discussion The bed sediment of the Afon Twymyn is grossly polluted with heavy metals. Within the vicinity of the former mine, Pb concentrations are up to 100 times greater than levels reported to have deleterious impacts on aquatic ecology. Most heavy metals exist in the most mobile easily exchangeable and carbonate-bound geochemical phases, potentially posing serious threats to ecological integrity and constituting a significant, secondary, diffuse source of pollution. Metal concentrations decrease sharply downstream of the former mine, although there is a gradual increase in the proportion of readily extractable Zn and Cd. Conclusions Implementation of sediment quality guidelines is important in order to achieve the aims of the Water Framework Directive. Assessments of sediment quality should include measurements of background metal concentrations, river water physico-chemistry and, most importantly, metal mobility and potential bioavailability. Uniformity of sediment guidelines throughout Europe and flexibility of targets with regard to the most heavily contaminated mine sites are recommended

The assessment of the possibility of the “blue coal” utilization in the iron ore sintering process

W artykule przedstawiono ocenę możliwości wykorzystania tzw. błękitnego węgla (częściowo odgazowanego węgla energetycznego) w procesie spiekania rud żelaza. Stwierdzono, że możliwy jest 20% mas. wzrost wydajności procesu przy całkowitym zastąpieniu koksiku dokruszonym błękitnym węglem i minimalne obniżenie zużycia paliwa. Z technologicznego punktu widzenia błękitny węgiel może znaleźć zastosowanie jako zamiennik koksiku w procesie spiekania. Jego wykorzystanie zależeć będzie przede wszystkim od ceny tego paliwa oraz dostępności na rynku.Wykorzystanie tego paliwa w procesie spiekania wymaga ścisłej współpracy IMŻ i ICHPW w celu doboru odpowiednich właściwości błękitnego węgla.This article presents the assessment of the possibility of the blue coal utilization (partially degassed power coal) In the iron ore sintering process. A 20% efficiency increase and minimal fuel consumption can be achieved by a complete replacement of coke breeze with the blue coal. It was found, that this fuel can be applied as a substitute for a part of coke breeze in the sintering process. Utilization of this fuel will depend on its price and availability on the market. The use of the blue coal in the sintering process requires close cooperation between the Institute for Ferrous Metallurgy and the Institute for Chemical Processing of Coal in order to select proper properties of the fuel

The assessment of the possibility to use of chars from used tyres as a replacement for a part of coke breeze in sintering process

W artykule przedstawiono ocenę możliwości zastosowania karbonizatu ze zużytych opon samochodowych, jako zamiennika części koksiku w procesie spiekania rud żelaza. Przeprowadzono laboratoryjne próby spiekania, z udziałem do 20% mas. karbonizatu w sumie paliwa. Stwierdzono, że wraz ze wzrostem udziału karbonizatu w mieszance spiekalniczej pogarsza się wydajność procesu. Udział karbonizatu w mieszance spiekalniczej nie powinien przekraczać 10% mas.This article presents the assessment of the possibility to replace the part of coke breeze in the iron ore sintering process by chars from used tyres utilization. Laboratory sintering experiments were carried out, with up to 20 wt.% char in sintering mix. It was found that with the increase of the char proportion in the sinter mix, the productivity of sinter decreases. The share of char in the sinter mix should not exceed 10 wt.%

Comparison of the chemical composition of char from waste car tires to the coke breeze used in the iron ore sintering process

The increasing automotive development generates large amount of waste car tires, which cannot be landfilled and the reuse level of raw materials used in vehicles production must achieve at least 95 %. The calorific value of waste tires is very high and they can be considered as energy carries, for example in the form of char generated during pyrolysis process. The article presents the results of chemical analysis of char samples and parameters which are crucial from the environment and iron ore sintering process point of view. The results show, that char samples with high carbon content, low sulfur, zinc and pyrolysis oil content can be applied in the iron ore sintering process