69 research outputs found
Application of foam column as green technology for concentration of saponins from sisal (Agave sisalana) and Juá (Ziziphus joazeiro)
Characterization of the molluscicidal activity of Bauhinia variegata and Mimusops elengi plant extracts against the fasciola vector lymnaea acuminata
Larvicidal, antimicrobial and brine shrimp activities of extracts from Cissampelos mucronata and Tephrosia villosa from coast region, Tanzania
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The leaves and roots of <it>Cissampelos mucronata </it>A. Rich (Menispermaceae) are widely used in the tropics and subtropics to manage various ailments such as gastro-intestinal complaints, menstrual problems, venereal diseases and malaria. In the Coast region, Tanzania, roots are used to treat wounds due to extraction of jigger. Leaves of <it>Tephrosia villosa </it>(L) Pers (Leguminosae) are reported to be used in the treatment of diabetes mellitus in India. In this study, extracts from the roots and aerial parts of <it>C. mucronata </it>and extracts from leaves, fruits, twigs and roots of <it>T. villosa </it>were evaluated for larvicidal activity, brine shrimps toxicity and antimicrobial activity.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Powdered materials from <it>C. mucronata </it>were extracted sequentially by dichloromethane followed by ethanol while materials from <it>T.villosa </it>were extracted by ethanol only. The extracts obtained were evaluated for larvicidal activity using <it>Culex quinquefasciatus </it>Say larvae, cytotoxicity using brine shrimp larvae and antimicrobial activity using bacteria and fungi.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Extracts from aerial parts of <it>C. Mucronata </it>exhibited antibacterial activity against <it>Staphylococcus aureus</it>, <it>Escherichia coli</it>, <it>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</it>, <it>Salmonella typhi</it>, <it>Vibrio cholera</it>, <it>Bacillus anthracis</it>, <it>Streptococcus faecalis </it>and antifungal activity against <it>Candida albicans </it>and <it>Cryptococcus neoformans</it>. They exhibited very low toxicity to brine shrimps and had no larvicidal activity. The root extracts exhibited good larvicidal activity but weak antimicrobial activity. The root dichloromethane extracts from <it>C. mucronata </it>was found to be more toxic with an LC<sub>50 </sub>value of 59.608 μg/mL while ethanolic extracts from root were not toxic with LC<sub>50</sub>>100 μg/mL). Ethanol extracts from fruits and roots of <it>T. villosa </it>were found to be very toxic with LC<sub>50 </sub>values of 9.690 μg/mL and 4.511 μg/mL, respectively, while, ethanol extracts from leaves and twigs of <it>T. villosa </it>were found to be non toxic (LC<sub>50</sub>>100 μg/mL).</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>These results support the use of <it>C. mucronata </it>in traditional medicine for treatment of wounds. Extracts of <it>C. mucronata </it>have potential to yield active antimicrobial and larvicidal compounds. The high brine shrimp toxicity of <it>T. villosa </it>corroborates with literature reports that the plant is toxic to both livestock and fish. The results further suggest that <it>T. villosa </it>extracts have potential to yield larvicidal and possibly cytotoxic compounds. Further studies to investigate the bioactive compounds responsible for the observed biological effects are suggested.</p
The production of ginsenosides in hairy root cultures of American Ginseng, Panax quinquefolium L. and their antimicrobial activity
Phytotoxic activity of crude aqueous extracts and fractions of young leaves of Sapindus saponaria L. (Sapindaceae)
Propriétés d’une pommade antibactérienne formulée à base de saponines extraites des feuilles de noyer
Antifeedant and larvicidal activities of Acalypha fruticosa Forssk. (Euphorbiaceae) against Plutella xylostella L. (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae) larvae
Enhanced accumulation of triterpenoid saponins in in vitro plantlets and dedifferentiated cultures of Eryngium planum L.: a medicinal plant
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