173,078 research outputs found
A Kantian Defense of SelfâOwnership
Many scholars, including G. A. Cohen, Daniel Attas, and George Brenkert, have denied that a Kantian defense of self-ownership is possible. Kant's ostensible hostility to self-ownership can be resolved, however, upon reexamination of the Groundwork and the Metaphysics of Morals. Moreover, two novel Kantian defenses of self-ownership (narrowly construed) can be devised. The first shows that maxims of exploitation and paternalism that violate self-ownership cannot be universalized, as this leads to contradictions in conception. The second shows that physical coercion against rational agents involves a profound status wrong--namely, their treatment as children or animals--and that this system of differential status and treatment (including self-ownership rights for rational agents) can be morally justified by our capacity for autonomy
Kantian Personal Autonomy
Jeremy Waldron has recently raised the question of whether there is anything approximating the creative self-authorship of personal autonomy in the writings of Immanuel Kant. After considering the possibility that Kantian prudential reasoning might serve as a conception of personal autonomy, I argue that the elements of a more suitable conception can be found in Kantâs Tugendlehre, or âDoctrine of Virtueââspecifically, in the imperfect duties of self-perfection and the practical love of others. This discovery is important for at least three reasons: first, it elucidates the relationship among the various conceptions of autonomy employed by personal-autonomy theorists and contemporary Kantians; second, it brings to the surface previously unnoticed or undernoticed features of Kantâs moral theory; and third, it provides an essential line of defense against certain critiques of contemporary Kantian theories, especially that of John Rawls
Delaboring Republicanism
This article criticizes radical labor republicanism on republican grounds. I show that its demand for universal workplace democracy via workersâ cooperatives conflicts with republican freedom along three different dimensions: first, freedom to choose an occupationâŚand not to choose one; second, freedom within the very cooperatives that workers are to democratically govern; and third, freedom within the newly proletarian state. In the conclusion, I ask whether these criticisms apply, at least in part, to the more modest, incrementalist strand of labor republicanism. To the extent that they do, delaboring republicanism might be the best response
Following in Your Parents' Footsteps? Empirical Analysis of Matched Parent-Offspring Test Scores
In this paper, we explore whether an intergenerational relationship exists between the reading and mathematics test scores, taken at ages 7, 11 and 16, of a cohort of individuals born in 1958 and the equivalent test scores of their offspring measured in 1991. Our results suggest that how the parent performs in reading and mathematics during their childhood is positively related to the corresponding reading and mathematics test scores of their offspring as measured at a similar age. Our findings imply that parental ability in numeracy and literacy as a child is positively associated with the ability in numeracy and literacy of their offspring. With respect to gender, a father´s (mother´s) test score generally has a positive influence on the test scores of their daughter (son)
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Classically black
This masterâs report will revisit Saidiya Hartmanâs account of how to 1) combat violence found in the archives and 2) mitigate silences imposed on marginalized bodies in her essay, âVenus in II Acts.â This work contributes to public musicology because it impacts the way scholars interact with musicians who are historically othered. Through attention to the lives and works of Philippa Schuyler, Hazel Scott and Nina Simone, I ask critical questions like how can we view these pianistsâ lives in a way that does not reinforce canonic violence. I simultaneously weave my personal narrative into this discussion as I find myself occupying the spaces of researcher, performer and all the interstices found within the classical piano tradition. Through the work of Hartman, as well as Julia J. Chybowski, Karen Chilton and Elizabeth Taylor Greenfield, I argue that Venus is a pianist like Schuyler, Scott and Simone whose usefulness is often tied to diversity within classical music's canon.Musi
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Clarifying interoperability: The SISO CSPI PDG standard for commercial off-the-shelf simulation package interoperability reference models
Commercial-off-the-shelf simulation packages (CSPs), visual interactive modelling environments such as Arena, Anylogic, Flexsim, Simul8, Witness, etc., are important "black box" software tools that support the development, experimentation and visualization of simulation models. They are widely used in commerce, defence, health, manufacturing and logistics. There is a growing need to link together, or to interoperate, models developed in these CSPs across computer networks. The motivation for this includes data sensitivity, difficult to move resources and speed up
Expectations, reservation wages and employment: Evidence from British panel data
In this paper, we explore the relationship between expectations and reservation wages for a sample of unemployed individuals using panel data drawn from the British Household Panel Survey, 1996 to 2005. To be specific, we initially investigate the determinants of expectations relating to the individual´s financial situation and employment prospects over the next 12 months. Our findings suggest that job search and education are positively associated with financial optimism and confidence regarding future employment prospects. Conversely, the length of time out of employment and age are associated with pessimistic expectations. Propensity score matching techniques enable us to adopt a quasi experimental approach to ascertain how an individual´s expectations regarding their future financial situation as well as expectations regarding securing future employment influence the setting of reservation wages at the individual level. Optimism over future finances and future job prospects are associated with a higher reservation wage in both the matched and unmatched estimates. Furthermore, confidence over securing future employment is associated with a higher probability of actually gaining employment in the next period
Bullying, Education and Labour Market Outcomes: Evidence from the National Child Development Study
We explore the effect of bullying at school on the educational attainment of a sample of individuals drawn from the British National Child Development Study (NCDS). Our empirical findings suggest that school bullying has an adverse effect on human capital accumulation both at and beyond school. Moreover, the impact of bullying on educational attainment at age sixteen is found to be similar in magnitude to class size effects, which have attracted recent attention in the economics literature. Furthermore, in contrast to class size effects, the adverse influence of bullying on human capital attainment remains during adulthood. In addition, being bullied at school directly influences wages received during adulthood as well as indirectly influencing wages via educational attainment
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