Explicit Clock Temporal Logic in Timing Constraints for Real-Time Systems

A form of explicit clock temporal logic (called TLrt) useful in specifying timing constraints on controller actions, a real-time database (rtdb) items, and constraints in a real-time constraint base (rtcb), is presented. Timing as well as other forms of constraints are stored in the rtcb. A knowledge-based approach to ensure the integrity of information in an rtdb is given. The rtcb is realized as a logic program called Constrainer, which is a historyless integrity checker for a real-time database. The consistency and integrity issues for an rtcb and rtdb are investigated. The formal bases for a temporally complete rtdb and knowledgeably complete controller are presented. A partial TLrt specification of a knowledgeable controller for a Gas Burner is given. An illustration of a rtdb and rtcb in the context of the sample real-time system is also given

Treatment and prognostic assessment of acute myeloid leukemia

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous group of clonal malignant myeloid neoplasms. Malignant transformation of hematopoietic progenitor cell leads to clonal expansion and replacement of normal bone marrow cells with malignant cells leading to suppression of normal haematopoiesis. Advancements in our understanding of disease biology have allowed AML to be classified based on its gene expression profile, which includes previously identified cytogenetic subgroups, and distinct novel subgroups which have prognostic significance. Identification of mutations in DNMT3A and IDH 1 genes in cytogenetically normal AML (by gene sequencing) helps to identify patients with poor prognosis. Redesigning the treatment regimen consisting of cytarabine and daunorubicin has improved the treatment outcomes without increase in the treatment-related mortality. Increasing the dose of daunorubicin to 90 mg/m2 improves complete remission rates without increasing treatment-related complications both in young and elderly patients. Cytarabine (200 mg/m2 in cycle I and 2 g/m2 in cycle 2) is shown to be as effective as high dose cytarabine (1000 mg/m2 twice daily in cycle 1and 2 g/m2 twice daily in cycle 2) and is associated with less treatment-related toxicities

Constructing Real-Time Systems from Temporal I/O Automata

A new class of communicating automata called Temporal Input/Output Automata (TAi/os) is introduced. A TAi/o is a predicate automaton used to specify real-time systems. The specification provided by a TAi/o includes state predicates with proof expressions and abstract program syntax as attributes. An abstract program is extracted during a constructive proof of the specification using the proof expressions. A TAi/o specification also includes hard, real-time constraints on program behavior. The predictability of deterministic, temporally complete TAi/o is investigated. The formulation of real-time system transductions and transduction rules for TAi/os in explicit clock temporal logic is given. An illustration of the use of TAi/os in specifying light-controlled vehicles is presented. To illustrate the methodology in constructive reasoning about a TAi/o, a proof which derives a partial abstract program is given

Implications for GAAP from an analysis of positive research in accounting

Based on extant literature, we review the positive theory of GAAP. The theory predicts that GAAP’s principal focus is on control (performance measurement and stewardship) and that verifiability and conservatism are critical features of a GAAP shaped by market forces. We recognize the advantage of using fair values in circumstances where these are based on observable prices in liquid secondary markets, but caution against expanding fair values to financial reporting more generally. We conclude that rather than converging U.S. GAAP with IFRS, competition between the FASB and the IASB would allow GAAP to better respond to market forces

DIELECTRIC STUDIES IN Li2O AND CoO DOPED BOROPHOSPHATE GLASSES

Borophosphate glasses in the compositions, (B2O3)0.2 . (P2O5)0.3 . (Li2O) 0.5-X . (CoO) X, wherex = 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.25, 0.30, 0.35, 0.40 and 0.45 were prepared at 1400K by following melt quenching method. Their amorphous nature was confirmed by XRD studies and was investigated for dielectric properties in the frequency range from 100Hz to 1MHz and temperature range from 300K to 573K. The conductivity was derived from the dielectric spectrum. The frequency exponent, s, dc and ac components of the conductivity were determined. The temperature dependence of conductivity at different frequencies was analyzed using Motts small polaron hopping model, and the high temperature activation energy has been estimated and discussed. The variation of conductivity and activation energy with composition revealed a changeover of conduction mechanism from predominantly ionic to electronic regime for mole fractions of CoO between 0.3 and 0.35. This is a new result. Hunts model has been employed to analyze frequency dependence of conductivity. Relaxation features of the dielectric properties have been extracted from the analysis of electric moduli with frequency. Activation energy for relaxation mechanism has been determined. Frequency exponent was found to be temperature dependent. Quantum mechanical theory and correlated barrier hopping models were found to be inadequate to explain frequency exponent behavior with temperature. For the first time that borophosphate glasses doped with Li2O and CoO were studied for dielectric properties and ac conductivity as a function of temperature and frequency and the data has been analysed thoroughly.  &nbsp

Functioning metastases in liver from thyroid carcinoma: Case report

Radioiodine uptake in liver metastases was observed in two patients with follicular carcinoma of the thyroid

Fusion-fission angular distributions: a new probe of fast fission fractionation in nucleus-nucleus collisions

Fragment angular distributions in heavy ion-induced fission reactions have been analysed in terms of a two component model-fission following compound nucleus formation and fast fission events. It is seen that, contrary to the general assumption, fast fission competes with compound nucleus fission even when the composite system is formed with a spin less than the rotating liquid drop model limit for vanishing fission barrier

BURDEN OF THERAPY IN PATIENTS SUFFERING FROM DIABETES MELLITUS AND HYPERTENSION

Objective: To estimate a) monthly expenditure for treatment of diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension (HTN) and both (DM+HTN) and b) economic burden (EB) and psychological burden (PB) of therapy of DM, HTN and DM+HTN.Methods: An observational questionnaire-based study was conducted among 180 patients. The monthly cost of drug therapy was assessed based on the drugs they were taking and the cost of individual drugs. The EB and PB were assessed using a validated questionnaire and data analysed by ANOVA followed by post hoc test.Results: Among 216 patients who were interviewed, 180 fulfilled the selection criteria. Among 180, 75 had DM, 40 HTN and 65 had both. Prevalence of DM and DM+HTN was higher among females and of HTN equal among males and females. The average total monthly cost of therapy for DM was INR 2077, for HTN INR 1464 and for DM+HTN INR 2269.Significant correlation was found between income and percentage of expenditure (p<0.001) in all the groups. The PB was found to correlate with low income (p<0.001), poor education (p<0.05) occupation (p<0.01) in DM+HTN and number of tablets (p<0.01) in DM and DM+HTN groups.Conclusion: The cost of therapy was higher for DM+HTN and DM. The percentage of expenditure was higher in low-income group and burden of therapy was directly proportional to the number of tablets, poor educational and occupational status; and inversely proportional to income