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Material Need Insecurity and Its Concurrent Barriers to Diabetes Management Among Low-Income Latino Adults Receiving Medical Care.
Public Attitudes Toward Crime and Incarceration in Finland
The following paper provides insights into Finland’s criminal justice system and discusses the policies that emphasize using prison for rehabilitation, not merely for punishment. These methods of prevention and rehabilitation, in conjunction with correctional and educational staff within and outside the prison walls, have contributed to consistently low recidivism rates in Finland. This study discusses many ideological similarities between public opinions towards criminals and crime in Finland and the United States. Like Americans, Finns are intolerant of crime and violence, yet open to the idea of alternative forms of punishment, especially for non-violent and juvenile offenders. People in both countries tend to believe criminals are not born into a criminal life and that societal factors play a role in creating criminal behavior. This study sheds light on both the public support for ex-offenders’ rehabilitation in Finland and the extent to which Americans support alternative forms of punishment. It also provides a narrative of the disconnect between public opinion and what public officials think public opinion is
Technology as an economic catalyst in rural and depressed places in Massachusetts
This paper uses case studies, including two cities (Lynn and New Bedford), a sub-city district (Roxbury) and two towns in rural Franklin County (Greenfield and Orange), to examine the role of technology as a potential economic catalyst in rural and depressed places in Massachusetts. Though the five target areas vary in size, density, geographic area, demographic characteristics and economic resources, each exhibits chronic patterns of economic distress related to the decline of manufacturing, construction and other key industries
Amplitude control of quantum interference
Usually, the oscillations of interference effects are controlled by relative
phases. We show that varying the amplitudes of quantum waves, for instance by
changing the reflectivity of beam splitters, can also lead to quantum
oscillations and even to Bell violations of local realism. We first study
theoretically a generalization of the Hong-Ou-Mandel experiment to arbitrary
source numbers and beam splitter transmittivity. We then consider a Bell type
experiment with two independent sources, and find strong violations of local
realism for arbitrarily large source number ; for small , one operator
measures essentially the relative phase of the sources and the other their
intensities. Since, experimentally, one can measure the parity of the number of
atoms in an optical lattice more easily than the number itself, we assume that
the detectors measure parity.Comment: 4 pages; 4 figure
Absence of Fragmentation in Two-Dimensional Bose-Einstein Condensation
We investigate the possibility that the BEC-like phenomena recently detected
on two-dimensional finite trapped systems consist of fragmented condensates. We
derive and diagonalize the one-body density matrix of a two-dimensional
isotropically trapped Bose gas at finite temperature. For the ideal gas, the
procedure reproduces the exact harmonic-oscillator eigenfunctions and the Bose
distribution. We use a new collocation-minimization method to study the
interacting gas in the Hartree-Fock approximation and obtain a ground-state
wavefunction and condensate fraction consistent with those obtained by other
methods. The populations of the next few eigenstates increase at the expense of
the ground state but continue to be negligible; this supports the conclusion
that two-dimensional BEC is into a single state.Comment: 6 pages, 1 figur
Magnetically levitated mesenchymal stem cell spheroids cultured with a collagen gel maintain phenotype and quiescence
Multicellular spheroids are an established system for three-dimensional cell culture. Spheroids are typically generated
using hanging drop or non-adherent culture; however, an emerging technique is to use magnetic levitation. Herein,
mesenchymal stem cell spheroids were generated using magnetic nanoparticles and subsequently cultured within a type
I collagen gel, with a view towards developing a bone marrow niche environment. Cells were loaded with magnetic
nanoparticles, and suspended beneath an external magnet, inducing self-assembly of multicellular spheroids. Cells in
spheroids were viable and compared to corresponding monolayer controls, maintained stem cell phenotype and were
quiescent. Interestingly, core spheroid necrosis was not observed, even with increasing spheroid size, in contrast to
other commonly used spheroid systems. This mesenchymal stem cell spheroid culture presents a potential platform for
modelling in vitro bone marrow stem cell niches, elucidating interactions between cells, as well as a useful model for
drug delivery studies
Water and Alanine: From Puddles(32) to Ponds(49)
The solvation of alanine is investigated, with a focus on adding a sufficient number of discrete water molecules to determine the first solvation shell for both the nonionized (N) and zwitterionic (Z) forms to converge the enthalpy of solvation and the enthalpy difference for the two forms of alanine. Monte Carlo sampling was employed using the generalized effective fragment potential (EFP) method to determine the global minimum of both conformers, with the number of EFP water molecules ranging from 32−49. A subset of sampled geometries were optimized with second-order perturbation theory (MP2) using the 6-31++G(d,p) basis set. Single point energies were calculated at these geometries using the polarizable continuum model (PCM). The predicted 298.15 K enthalpy of solvation ranges for MP2/6-31++G(d,p) and MP2+PCM//MP2/6-31++G(d,p) are 10.0−13.2 kcal/mol and 10.1−12.6 kcal/mol, respectively
Exclusion Statistics in a two-dimensional trapped Bose gas
We briefly explain the notion of exclusion statistics and in particular
discuss the concept of an ideal exclusion statistics gas. We then review a
recent work where it is demonstrated that a {\em two-dimensional} Bose gas with
repulsive delta function interactions obeys ideal exclusion statistics, with a
fractional parameter related to the interaction strength.Comment: 10 pages, RevTeX. Proceedings of the Salerno workshop "Theory of
Quantum Gases and Quantum Coherence", to appear in a special issue of J.Phys.
B, Dec. 200
What Do Cognitive Networks Do? Simulations of Spoken Word Recognition Using the Cognitive Network Science Approach
Cognitive network science is an emerging approach that uses the mathematical tools of network science to map the relationships among representations stored in memory to examine how that structure might influence processing. In the present study, we used computer simulations to compare the ability of a well-known model of spoken word recognition, TRACE, to the ability of a cognitive network model with a spreading activation-like process to account for the findings from several previously published behavioral studies of language processing. In all four simulations, the TRACE model failed to retrieve a sufficient number of words to assess if it could replicate the behavioral findings. The cognitive network model successfully replicated the behavioral findings in Simulations 1 and 2. However, in Simulation 3a, the cognitive network did not replicate the behavioral findings, perhaps because an additional mechanism was not implemented in the model. However, in Simulation 3b, when the decay parameter in spreadr was manipulated to model this mechanism the cognitive network model successfully replicated the behavioral findings. The results suggest that models of cognition need to take into account the multi-scale structure that exists among representations in memory, and how that structure can influence processing
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