Criteria to facilitate the implementation of woman-centred care in childbirth units of Limpopo Province, South Africa (Part 2)

Background: Facilitation of mutual participation, respectful and egalitarian relationship between the mother and the midwife during childbirth is a critical aspect. This article delineated the criteria that would facilitate the implementation of woman-centred care in childbirth units of the Limpopo Province in South Africa, following a concept analysis described in Part 1. Empirical referents or indicators were used to measure the concept woman-centred care and to validate its existence in reality. These empirical referents were referred to as measurable properties that further verified the concept. Objective: The objective of this article was to formulate criteria that would facilitate implementation of woman-centred care in childbirth units of Limpopo Province in South Africa. Method: Criteria to facilitate the implementation of woman-centred care were formulated by the gathering of information about the topic under review and the use of resources to define the key elements of the criteria which were integrated into the Batho Pele principles. The criteria were then validated by selecting with a vested interest in the successful development and implementation of the criteria. Results: Criteria were formulated to facilitate the implementation of woman-centred care that was integrated within the framework of Batho Pele principles. Conclusion: These formulated criteria for woman-centred care will be used as an institutional self-evaluation tool to enhance implementation of the Batho Pele principles in childbirth units. These criteria will give direction and provide guidelines for the performance of midwifery staff and will also help supervisors to guide staff to improve performance.Department of HE and Training approved lis

Woman-centred care in childbirth: a concept analysis (Part 1)

'Woman-centred care' in childbirth is a process in which a woman makes choices and is involved in and has control over her care and relationship with her midwife. The aim of this paper is to study the concept of woman-centred care through analysis in the context of childbirth. The attributes, antecedents and consequences of this concept are identified, and a model case, a borderline case and a contrary case constructed to achieve conceptual clarity. A concept analysis was undertaken as described by Walker and Avant (2011), with an extensive exploration of domain-specific literature and evidence from various disciplines. It was established from the concept analysis that 'woman-centred care' was complex and experienced individualistically. The analysis indicated that mothers' participation is supposed to be based on a more collaborative relationship and partnership. Participation is exhibited by open communication and the mother's involvement in decision-making, consultation and collaboration with the attending midwife, further characterised by mutual respect and the midwife listening to the mother's views. There is also an exchange of complete and unbiased information, recognition and honouring of cultural diversity and making of informed choices. Through an inductive discovery approach and drawing on inferences, attributes were clustered in an attempt to identify the apparent essence of the concept. From the results of the concept analysis described in this study, the researchers recommend the formulation of criteria that could facilitate implementation and evaluation of woman-centred care and its empirical referents in the context of the Batho Pele principles (Part 2).Department of HE and Training approved lis

A woman-centred childbirth model

ABSTRACT A model for woman-centred childbirth was developed through four phases in accordance with the objectives of the study, namely, a description of mothers' experiences of childbirth and that of attending midwives of managing mothers during childbirth concept analysis of woman-centred care, model development, and an evaluation phase. The identified concepts and sub-concepts were classified and developed into in a conceptual model within the six elements of the practice theory, as outlined by Dickoff, James and Wiedenbach's (1968:423) survey list cited by Madela-Mntla (1999:69) in Tlakula (1999:119). These elements are recipient, agent, context, procedure, purpose and dynamic. The relational statements derived after conceptualisation of each of the six concepts were inferred through the process of deductive analysis and synthesis. The development of the woman-centred childbirth model contained six components, namely, goals, concepts, definitions, relationships, structures and assumptions, as outlined in Chinn and Jacobs (1987:116). The model was evaluated in accordance with Chinn and Kramer's (1995:134-135) method and refined by experts in midwifery practice and model generation. Limitations were recognised and recommendations made. OPSOMMING Die model vir vrouegesentreerde sorg is ontwikkel deur vier fases in ooreenstemming met die doelwitte van die studie, naamlik, beskrywing van die moeders se ondervinding van kindergeboorte en dié van die diensdoende vroedvroue wat die moeders tydens kindergeboorte bestuur het, ontleding van die begrip 'vrouegesentreerde sorg', modelontwikkeling en die evalueringsfase. Die geïdentifiseerde konsepte en subkonsepte is geklassifiseer en gekonseptualiseer in 'n konseptuele model binne die ses elemente van die praktykteorie soos omlyn deur Dickoff, James en Wiedenbach (1968:423) in hulle oorsiglyne wat in Madela-Mntla (1999:69) aangehaal word in Tlakula (1999:119). Hierdie elemente is ontvanger, agent, konteks, prosedure, doel en dinamika. Die relasionele verklarings afgelei na die konseptualisering van elkeen van die ses konsepte, is afgelei deur die proses van deduktiewe ontleding en sintese. Die ontwikkeling van die 'vrouegesentreerdesorg kindergeboortemodel' het ses komponente bevat, naamlik, doelwitte, konsepte, definisies, verwantskappe, strukture en assumpsies soos omlyn in Chinn en Jacobs (1987:116). Die model is geëvalueer volgens Chinn en Kramer (1995:134-135) se metode en verfyn deur deskundiges in verloskundige praktyk en die generering van modelle. Beperkings is erken en aanbevelings is gemaak

Exploring supportive relationship provided to newly qualified midwives during transition period in Limpopo province, South Africa

Transition from midwifery training to professional practice is enhanced by positive support from experienced colleagues. The study explored experiences of newly qualified midwives regarding existence of supportive relationship during transition. The setting was a maternity unit of a selected hospital from each of the five districts of Limpopo province. Population was all midwives who completed a comprehensive nursing programme (R425 of 19 February 1985, as amended); and qualified as nurses (general, psychiatric and community) and midwives working in selected hospitals. Twenty-five participants selected from maternity units of the five selected hospitals using non-probability, purposive sampling method. In-depth individual interviews conducted until saturation was reached. Data analysed through Tesch’s method. Ethical issues considered. Findings revealed negative unsupportive relationship experienced by participants resulting in poor performance. Graduates expressed dislike experienced from senior colleagues. Establishment and maintenance of positive relationship between experienced and newly qualified midwives should be enhanced to promote effective transition. (Afr J Reprod Health 2021; 25[5]: 105-112)

Perceptions of postpartum mothers towards the care provided by male student midwives at labour units in Limpopo Province, South Africa

Student midwives should always provide cultural sensitive care and respect the rights of every woman when choosing health care providers during pregnancy and childbirth. The aim of this study was to describe and explore the perceptions of postpartum mothers towards the care provided by male student midwives during their midwifery practice. A qualitative explorative, descriptive, and contextual research design was used. A non-probability, convenience sampling method was used to sample 42 postpartum mothers who received care from male student midwives at the five district hospitals in Limpopo province, South Africa. Data was collected through in-depth individual interviews until data saturation was reached by repeating data. Open coding approach was used to analyse data. All ethical principles were adhered to. Results revealed that postpartum mothers, preferred care by male students‘ midwives; they were viewed to be respectful, sympathetic, and caring; however, they discussed their fears of midwifery practice with mothers. It is recommended that midwives should play a pivotal role in informing pregnant women during antenatal visits that male student midwives can conduct deliveries. The community awareness campaign should be strengthened that male student midwives are availability in maternity units.Keywords: Male student midwives, midwifery practice, perceptions, and postpartum mother

Factors contributing to teenage pregnancy in the Capricorn district of the Limpopo Province

Original research Journal article, 5 p. Published in Curationis 35(1), Metadata creation was based on submitted article.Teenage pregnancy refers to pregnancy of a woman of less than 19 years. It is found commonly amongst young people who have been disadvantaged and have poor expectations with regard to either their education or job market. Adolescents may lack knowledge of access to conventional methods of preventing pregnancy, as they may be afraid to seek such information. The study purpose was to identify factors contributing to teenage pregnancy in one village in the Capricorn District of the Limpopo Province. A quantitative descriptive research approach was chosen. Population consisted of all pregnant teenagers attending antenatal care during June to August 2007 at one clinic in the Capricorn District of the Limpopo Province. Simple random probability sampling was used to include 100 pregnant teenagers who satisfied the inclusion criteria. Data were collected through structured self-administered questionnaires. Descriptive statistical data analysis was used. Ethical considerations were ensured. Findings were classified as demographic data where 24% of the respondents were aged between 15–16 years and 76% were aged between 17–19 years. Findings further revealed that 60% of the respondents started to engage in sex at 13–15 years; 48% of the teenagers’ partners were 21 years and above, 44% depended on a single parents’ income; 20% father’s income, 16% received a social grant and 8% lived on the pension fund of the grandparents. Pregnancy prevention strategies were recommended based on the results. The strategies focused on reproductive health services, male involvement and adult-teenager communication programmes

Limited resources in clinical facilities: Experiences of nursing students during placements

Background: Students need resources in the clinical areas to integrate theory and practice. When healthcare facilities have limited resources, students encounter momentous challenges that negatively affect their learning and supervision. Objectives: To explore the experiences of nursing students during placements in limited-resourced clinical facilities. Method: A qualitative approach with a phenomenological design was used. The setting was four hospitals, where students were placed for clinical experience. The population was nursing students in the third and fourth levels of their study who were sampled purposively. Data were collected through face-to-face semi-structured interviews and analysed using a coding method. Thematic analysis was done. Results: Limited staff led to poor student supervision and evaluation and absenteeism, and students were used as the working force, whereas limited resources led to the disintegration of theory and practice and procedures flawed. Conclusion: Resources in healthcare facilities are significant in student supervision. Therefore, the management in those facilities needs to ensure that the resources are always available. Contribution: The study contributes to bringing to light how the limited resources impact students’ learning and how this can impact future nursing practice

Women’s perceived barriers to accessing post-abortion care services in selected districts in Kwazulu natal province, South Africa: a qualitative study

Background: Despite different interventions to curb unwanted pregnancies, repositioning Family Planning and post-abortion care services as critical priorities in health programme in Kwa-Zulu Natal, women are still admitted with induced abortion complications. Aim: The aim was to explore challenges experienced by women who are accessing post-abortion care services at selected public hospitals. Methods: A qualitative explorative, descriptive, and contextual approach was used. The population comprised all women who presented with incomplete abortion and had accessed PAC services in the selected hospitals. Purposive convenience sampling was used to select the 23 participants. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with all participants on discharge and analysed through open-coding method. Trustworthiness was ensured, by considering the criteria of credibility, dependability, applicability, and transferability. Ethical considerations were secured by requesting consent and permission to conduct the study. All interviews were voluntarily conducted following the ethically approved informed consent, anonymity and confidentiality were maintained. Findings: Three themes emerged reflecting challenges from women’s perspectives on accessing post abortion care. These themes were: transportation barriers, stigma, and mistreatment (lack of analgesics, early discharge). Conclusion: Conclusion showed the description of perceived barriers and experiences related to accessing, seeking and care received during the process of PAC. Inaccessibility to PAC was due to poor road, poor mode, lack of transport and long distance from the community to the hospital, long waiting queues, stigma, and discrimination. The PAC services should be accessible with the increased number of facilities and adequately trained staff with functional equipment and guidelines. Value clarification workshops for health professionals are essential

The perceptions and practices of pregnant women towards prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV and AIDS in the Capricorn District, Limpopo Province, South Africa

Published in: African Journal for Physical, Health Education, Recreation and Dance (AJPHERD) Supplement 1:1 (June), 2014, pp. 40-57.Despite the fact that testing for HIV is voluntary and free of charge in public health centres, the majority of people including pregnant women are still reluctant to be tested. Many people are ignorant of their HIV status. The purpose of this study was to explore the perceptions and practices of pregnant women towards prevention of mother-to-child transmission of Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (HIV and AIDS). A quantitative study applying the cross-sectional design was conducted in the 14 clinics of the Capricorn District of the Polokwane municipality in the Limpopo province, South Africa. A random sample of 73 pregnant women who were seeking antenatal care for the first time were selected and interviewed. The age group of 20-24 years had the highest pregnancy rate of 39% followed by teenagers aged 15-19 years (27%). Three–quarters (74%) of the pregnant women were learners and 68% of them were willing to take the HIV test. Those who were unwilling to take the test cited various fears, 78% knew about mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV and AIDS and 53% did not know how it occurs. Over a year 3948 pregnant women were counselled and 79% accepted to be tested; out of which 16% tested HIV-positive. It is recommended that awareness campaigns about MTCT prevention of HIV be intensified even amongst students as young as 12 years. More resources are needed to deal with the stigma still attached to being HIV-positive. Keywords: Perceptions, practices, preventio