Advanced Primary Lymphoma of Oral Cavity: Report of a Case

Abstract Usually the oral manifestations of NHL are secondary to a more widespread involvement throughout the body, however, it can rarely present as a primary lesion in the oral cavity, having 0.1% - 0.2% prevalence. In this paper we report a case of highly proliferative oral non-Hodgkin lymphoma which presented with very mild symptoms, but had a sudden and significant progression in less than two weeks with involvement of all four quadrants of the oral cavity. Keywords Lymphoma; Intra Oral Swelling; Four Quadran

Sources of Adult Mesenchymal Stem Cells Applicable for Musculoskeletal Applications - A Systematic Review of the Literature

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were first discovered by Friedenstein and his colleagues in 1976 from bone marrow. The unique property of these cells was their potential to develop into fibroblastic colony forming cells. Since Friedenstein’s discovery of these cells the interest in adult MSCs has been progressively growing. Nowadays MSCs are defined as undeveloped biological cells capable of proliferation, self renewal and regenerating tissues. All these properties of MSCs have been discovered in the past 35 years. MSCs can play a crucial role in tissue engineering, organogenesis, gene therapy, transplants as well as tissue injuries. These cells were mainly extracted from bone marrow but there have been additional sources for MSCs discovered in the laboratories including: muscle, dermis, trabecular bone, adipose tissue, periosteum, pericyte, blood, synovial membrane and so forth. The discovery of the alternative sources of MSCs helps widen the application of these cells in different areas of medicine. By way of illustration, they can be used in various therapeutic purposes such as tissue regeneration and repair in musculoskeletal diseases including osteonecrosis of femoral head, stimulating growth in children with osteogenesis imperfecta, disc regeneration, osteoarthritis and duchenne muscular dystrophy. In order to fully comprehend the characteristics and potential of MSCs future studies in this field are essential

Sources of Adult Mesenchymal Stem Cells Applicable for Musculoskeletal Applications - A Systematic Review of the Literature

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were first discovered by Friedenstein and his colleagues in 1976 from bone marrow. The unique property of these cells was their potential to develop into fibroblastic colony forming cells. Since Friedenstein’s discovery of these cells the interest in adult MSCs has been progressively growing. Nowadays MSCs are defined as undeveloped biological cells capable of proliferation, self renewal and regenerating tissues. All these properties of MSCs have been discovered in the past 35 years. MSCs can play a crucial role in tissue engineering, organogenesis, gene therapy, transplants as well as tissue injuries. These cells were mainly extracted from bone marrow but there have been additional sources for MSCs discovered in the laboratories including: muscle, dermis, trabecular bone, adipose tissue, periosteum, pericyte, blood, synovial membrane and so forth. The discovery of the alternative sources of MSCs helps widen the application of these cells in different areas of medicine. By way of illustration, they can be used in various therapeutic purposes such as tissue regeneration and repair in musculoskeletal diseases including osteonecrosis of femoral head, stimulating growth in children with osteogenesis imperfecta, disc regeneration, osteoarthritis and duchenne muscular dystrophy. In order to fully comprehend the characteristics and potential of MSCs future studies in this field are essential

Adult Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Cell Surface Characterization - A Systematic Review of the Literature

Human adult mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were first identified by Friedenstein et al. when observing a group of cells that developed into fibroblastic colony forming cells (CFU-F). Ever since, the therapeutic uses and clinical applications of these cells have increased research and interest in this field. MSCs have the potential to be used in tissue engineering, gene therapy, transplants and tissue injuries. However, identifying these cells can be a challenge. Moreover, there are no articles bringing together and summarizing the cell surface markers of MSCs in adults. The purpose of this study is to summarize all the available information about the cell surface characterization of adult human MSCs by identifying and evaluating all the published literature in this field. We have found that the most commonly reported positive markers are CD105, CD90, CD44, CD73, CD29, CD13, CD34, CD146, CD106, CD54 and CD166. The most frequently reported negative markers are CD34, CD14, CD45, CD11b, CD49d, CD106, CD10 and CD31. A number of other cell surface markers including STRO-1, SH2, SH3, SH4, HLA-A, HLA-B, HLA-C, HLA-DR, HLA-I, DP, EMA, DQ (MHC Class II), CDIO5, Oct 4, Oct 4A, Nanog, Sox-2, TERT, Stat-3, fibroblast surface antigen, smooth muscle alpha-actin, vimentin, integrin subunits alpha4, alpha5, beta1, integrins alphavbeta3 and alphavbeta5 and ICAM-1 have also been reported. Nevertheless, there is great discrepancy and inconsistency concerning the information available on the cell surface profile of adult MSCs and we suggest that further research is needed in this field to overcome the problem

What is the right theory for Anderson localization of light?

Anderson localization of light is traditionally described in analogy to electrons in a random potential. Within this description the disorder strength -- and hence the localization characteristics -- depends strongly on the wavelength of the incident light. In an alternative description in analogy to sound waves in a material with spatially fluctuating elastic moduli this is not the case. Here, we report on an experimentum crucis in order to investigate the validity of the two conflicting theories using transverse-localized optical devices. We do not find any dependence of the observed localization radii on the light wavelength. We conclude that the modulus-type description is the correct one and not the potential-type one. We corroborate this by showing that in the derivation of the traditional, potential-type theory a term in the wave equation has been tacititly neglected. In our new modulus-type theory the wave equation is exact. We check the consistency of the new theory with our data using a field-theoretical approach (nonlinear sigma model)

Studying the tendency of citizens to participate in the protection and development of land scape in Tehran

Today, as an essential part and parcel of urban landscape that they play a major role in metabolism and create a lack of serious damage to urban life. This study performed to investigate the willingness of citizens to participate in activities to protect and develop landscapeof Tehran district 4. The research was descriptive and correlation method that is used for collecting information. The statistical population consisted of district 4 of Tehran. The sample size was determined 230 by using Cochrane method. A questionnaire was used to collect data. According to the research, 63.04 percent of citizens showed participation in a high level. Among the variables investigated how citizen participation in conservation and development of landscape, effective strategies to motivate citizens to participate,the reasons for lack of cooperation and participation of citizens learn about gardening and landscaping,introductory training centers with the desire of citizens to participate in municipal plants open landscape had a significant relationship and stepwise regression analysis results showed that four variableseffective strategies to motivate citizens to participate,method to involve citizens in the landscape,the reasons for lack of cooperation and participation of citizens familiar with gardening and landscaping activities have on the willingness of citizens to participate effectively

Advances of Peripheral Nerve Repair Techniques to Improve Hand Function: A Systematic Review of Literature

Concepts of neuronal damage and repair date back to ancient times. The research in this topic has been growing ever since and numerous nerve repair techniques have evolved throughout the years. Due to our greater understanding of nerve injuries and repair we now distinguish between central and peripheral nervous system. In this review, we have chosen to concentrate on peripheral nerve injuries and in particular those involving the hand. There are no reviews bringing together and summarizing the latest research evidence concerning the most up-to-date techniques used to improve hand function. Therefore, by identifying and evaluating all the published literature in this field, we have summarized all the available information about the advances in peripheral nerve techniques used to improve hand function. The most important ones are the use of resorbable poly[(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate] (PHB), epineural end-to-end suturing, graft repair, nerve transfer, side to side neurorrhaphy and end to side neurorrhaphy between median, radial and ulnar nerves, nerve transplant, nerve repair, external neurolysis and epineural sutures, adjacent neurotization without nerve suturing, Agee endoscopic operation, tourniquet induced anesthesia, toe transfer and meticulous intrinsic repair, free auto nerve grafting, use of distal based neurocutaneous flaps and tubulization. At the same time we found that the patient’s age, tension of repair, time of repair, level of injury and scar formation following surgery affect the prognosis. Despite the thorough findings of this systematic review we suggest that further research in this field is needed

Some biological parameters of Sympiesis striatipes (Hym.: Eulophidae), an ectoparasitoid of the citrus leafminer Phyllocnistis citrella (Lep.: Gracillariidae)

The biological parameters of Sympiesis striatipes Ashmead, one of the most abundant hymenopterous ectoparasitoid of Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton in Ehime province of Japan, were studied under laboratory and field conditions. The mean immature developmental time and adult longevity at different temperatures (22 to 31°C), 50-70% RH and 12L: 12D photoperiod decreased as the temperature increased, and females survived longer than males. Offspring sex ratio from females provided with males was 84.7% males and 15.3% females. Presumably mated females began oviposition 2-3 days after emergence and continued up to 39 days. Each female laid a mean of 123.4 ± 13.97, and longevity reached 33.8 ± 1.5 days at 27 ± 1°C, 50-70% RH and 12L: 12D photoperiod. The intrinsic rate of natural increase (rm) was 0.312. Host feeding or stinging without oviposition killed 44.7 ± 4.2 host larvae per female parasitoid. Seventy five point eight percent of eggs were laid on third instar larva of host and the remainder on the prepupa. Under field conditions, superparasitism on the third instar larvae was 9.2% (n = 200) and up to 7 eggs per host were recorded. Under superparasitism lethal competition (n = 40), one adult parasitoid per host emerged from 87.5% of the samples and two adult parasitoids per host emerged from the rest. Superparasitism on prepupa was rare. The sex ratio (M: F) of the parasitoid oviposited on the third instar larvae of host and pupae was 2.2: 1.0, and 1.3: 3.0, respectively

A solution to the mu problem in the presence of a heavy gluino LSP

In this paper we present a solution to the $\mu$ problem in an SO(10) supersymmetric grand unified model with gauge mediated and D-term supersymmetry breaking. A Peccei-Quinn symmetry is broken at the messenger scale $M\sim 10^{12}$ GeV and enables the generation of the $\mu$ term. The boundary conditions defined at $M$ lead to a phenomenologically acceptable version of the minimal supersymmetric standard model with novel particle phenomenology. Either the gluino or the gravitino is the lightest supersymmetric particle (LSP). If the gravitino is the LSP, then the gluino is the next-to-LSP (NLSP) with a lifetime on the order of one month or longer. In either case this heavy gluino, with mass in the range 25 - 35 GeV, can be treated as a stable particle with respect to experiments at high energy accelerators. Given the extensive phenomenological constraints we show that the model can only survive in a narrow region of parameter space resulting in a light neutral Higgs with mass $\sim 86 - 91$ GeV and $\tan\beta \sim 9 - 14$. In addition the lightest stop and neutralino have mass $\sim 100 - 122$ GeV and $\sim 50 - 72$ GeV, respectively. Thus the model will soon be tested. Finally, the invisible axion resulting from PQ symmetry breaking is a cold dark matter candidate.Comment: 30 pages, 9 figure