9,192 research outputs found
Nilsson-SU3 selfconsistency in heavy N=Z nuclei
It is argued that there exist natural shell model spaces optimally adapted to
the operation of two variants of Elliott' SU3 symmetry that provide accurate
predictions of quadrupole moments of deformed states. A selfconsistent
Nilsson-like calculation describes the competition between the realistic
quadrupole force and the central field, indicating a {\em remarkable stability
of the quadruplole moments}---which remain close to their quasi and pseudo SU3
values---as the single particle splittings increase. A detailed study of the
even nuclei from Ni to Cd reveals that the region of
prolate deformation is bounded by a pair of transitional nuclei Kr and
Mo in which prolate ground state bands are predicted to dominate, though
coexisting with oblate ones,Comment: Replacement I) Title simplified. II) Major revision: structure of
paper kept but two thirds totally rewritten (same number of pages); 20
references adde
Excitation of the GDR and the Compressional Isoscalar Dipole State by alpha scattering
The excitation of the isovector giant dipole resonance (GDR) by alpha
scattering is investigated as a method of probing the neutron excess in exotic
nuclei. DWBA calculations are presented for 28O and 70Ca and the interplay of
Coulomb and nuclear excitation is discussed. Since the magnitude of the Coulomb
excitation amplitude is strongly influenced by the Q-value, the neutron excess
plays an important role, as it tends to lower the energy of the GDR. The
excitation of the compressional isoscalar dipole state in 70Ca by alpha
scattering is also investigated. It is shown that the population of this latter
state may be an even more sensitive probe of the neutron skin than the
isovector GDR.Comment: 7 pages, 5 figures, Latex2
Are the therapeutic strategies in anorexia of ageing effective on nutritional status? A systematic review with meta-analysis
BACKGROUND:
Anorexia of ageing (AA) may be considered as a risk factor for frailty and has an important impact on quality of life, morbidity and mortality.
METHODS:
A systematic review and a meta-analysis were performed to summarise the results from several trials on the effectiveness of treatments in AA, as associated with depression, sensory impairment of taste and smell, decreased appetite or early satiety, and disability. Eligible studies were required to report baseline and follow-up values, the mean change (∆-change) from baseline, and/or the mean difference among intervention groups versus control group, concerning food intake (kcal/daily) and/or nutritional outcomes, such as body weight, body mass index, albumin and Mini Nutritional Assessment.
RESULTS:
The systematic review included 20 papers based on different therapeutic approaches concerning food intake and/or nutritional outcomes. The results of the meta-analysis indicate that the interventions for AA have an important impact on body weight [+1.59 kg; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.48-+1.71 kg; P < 0.001) and on energy intake (+56.09 kcal; 95% CI = -54.05 to +166.25 kcal; P = 0.32). Regarding secondary outcomes, it was not possible to meta-analyse the limited amount of data availab le.
CONCLUSIONS:
The different variants of AA need to be defined because diverse therapeutic approaches are available. A more precise definition of the functional impairments associated with AA may allow a more correct decision about the most appropriate therapy to be prescribed. Moreover, this may allow for a more effective performance of the different therapeutic approaches once they are better targeted to the different scenarios of AA
The population of deformed bands in Cr by emission of Be from the S + Mg reaction
Using particle- coincidences we have studied the population of final
states after the emission of 2 -particles and of Be in nuclei
formed in S+Mg reactions at an energy of . The data were obtained in a setup
consisting of the GASP -ray detection array and the multidetector array
ISIS. Particle identification is obtained from the E and E signals of
the ISIS silicon detector telescopes, the Be being identified by the
instantaneous pile up of the E and E pulses. -ray decays of the
Cr nucleus are identified with coincidences set on 2 -particles
and on Be. Some transitions of the side-band with show
stronger population for Be emission relative to that of 2
-particles (by a factor ). This observation is interpreted as
due to an enhanced emission of Be into a more deformed nucleus.
Calculations based on the extended Hauser-Feshbach compound decay formalism
confirm this observation quantitatively.Comment: 17 pages, 9 figures accepted for publication in J. Phys.
Isospin-breaking interactions studied through mirror energy differences
Background: Information on charge-dependent (i.e., isospin-non-conserving) interactions is extracted from excited states of mirror nuclei.
Purpose: Specifically, the purpose of the study is to extract effective isovector (Vpp 12Vnn) interactions which, in general, can either be of Coulomb or nuclear origin.
Methods: A comprehensive shell-model description of isospin-breaking effects is used to fit data on mirror energy differences in the A = 42\u201354 region. The angular-momentum dependence of isospin-breaking interactions was determined from a systematic study of mirror energy differences.
Results: The results reveal a significant isovector term, with a very strong spin dependence, beyond that expected of a two-body Coulomb interaction.
Conclusions: The isospin-breaking terms that are extracted have a J dependence that is not consistent with the known CSB properties of the bare nucleon-nucleon interaction
Probing new physics in diphoton production with proton tagging at the Large Hadron Collider
The sensitivities to anomalous quartic photon couplings at the Large Hadron
Collider are estimated using diphoton production via photon fusion. The tagging
of the protons proves to be a very powerful tool to suppress the background and
unprecedented sensitivities down to \gev are obtained,
providing a new window on extra dimensions and strongly-interacting composite
states in the multi-TeV range. Generic contributions to quartic photon
couplings from charged and neutral particles with arbitrary spin are also
presented.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure
On the dynamics of bubbles in boiling water
We investigate the dynamics of many interacting bubbles in boiling water by
using a laser scattering experiment. Specifically, we analyze the temporal
variations of a laser intensity signal which passed through a sample of boiling
water. Our empirical results indicate that the return interval distribution of
the laser signal does not follow an exponential distribution; contrariwise, a
heavy-tailed distribution has been found. Additionally, we compare the
experimental results with those obtained from a minimalist phenomenological
model, finding a good agreement.Comment: Accepted for publication in Chaos, Solitons & Fractal
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