Chemical Reaction of Polar Phthalocyanines on Silver Chloroaluminum Phthalocyanine and Fluoroaluminum Phthalocyanine

Interface properties of chloroaluminum­(III) phthalocyanine (AlClPc) and fluoroaluminum­(III) phthalocyanine (AlFPc) on different silver surfaces have been studied using X-ray and ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy (XPS and UPS) and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). Both polycrystalline silver foil and silver single crystals were used as a substrate. In all cases a chemical reaction was detected by XPS, visible as additional species in chlorine or fluorine core level spectra. However, UPS spectra show additional intensity in vicinity of the Fermi edge only for monolayer coverages of AlClPc and AlFPc on silver foil. Possible scenarios for the different interaction on polycrystalline and single-crystalline silver surfaces are discussed. The roughness of the substrate may influence the strength of the interaction significantly

Non-canonical thyroid hormone signaling mediates cardiometabolic effects in vivo

Thyroid hormone (TH) and TH receptors (TRs) α and β act by binding to TH response elements (TREs) in regulatory regions of target genes. This nuclear signaling is established as the canonical or type 1 pathway for TH action. Nevertheless, TRs also rapidly activate intracellular second-messenger signaling pathways independently of gene expression (noncanonical or type 3 TR signaling). To test the physiological relevance of noncanonical TR signaling, we generated knockin mice with a mutation in the TR DNA-binding domain that abrogates binding to DNA and leads to complete loss of canonical TH action. We show that several important physiological TH effects are preserved despite the disruption of DNA binding of TRα and TRβ, most notably heart rate, body temperature, blood glucose, and triglyceride concentration, all of which were regulated by noncanonical TR signaling. Additionally, we confirm that TRE-binding–defective TRβ leads to disruption of the hypothalamic–pituitary–thyroid axis with resistance to TH, while mutation of TRα causes a severe delay in skeletal development, thus demonstrating tissue- and TR isoform-specific canonical signaling. These findings provide in vivo evidence that noncanonical TR signaling exerts physiologically important cardiometabolic effects that are distinct from canonical actions. These data challenge the current paradigm that in vivo physiological TH action is mediated exclusively via regulation of gene transcription at the nuclear level

Electronic Structure of FePc and Interface Properties on Ag 111 and Au 100

The electronic structure of iron phthalocyanine FePc and interface properties on Ag 111 and Au 100 are investigated by photoexcited electron spectroscopies photoemission XPS and UPS and X ray absorption spectroscopy XAS or NEXAFS . Valence band structures with Fe character were identified using resonant photoemission. The strength and nature of the interaction at the interface depend clearly on the substrate. A strong interaction of the central metal atom of the phthalocyanine occurs on Ag 111 , whereas no significant changes of the electronic situation were found for FePc on Au 100 . Resonant photoemission data show that for FePc on Ag 111 the formed interface states close to the Fermi level are determined by the interaction between Fe 3d states and substrate related states. On the other hand, also the nitrogen atom of FePc is involved in the interactio