Working group 3: What are and how do we measure the pros and cons of existing approaches?

WG3 discussed both the pros and cons of existing schemes as well as metrics to measure relative advantages and disadvantages. We first provide a list of the current operational techniques and their respective advantages and disadvantages that were discussed in the WG. We do not claim that the list is complete, and we note that the pros and cons are neither exhaustive nor quantitative. Nevertheless, it may be useful to note the WG’s consensus on the general advantages and disadvantages of the most commonly-used schemes. We then list our recommendations for evaluating model uncertainty schemes. At the end is a short list pertaining to recommendations for further development of methods to represent model uncertainty

Family Business Restructuring:A Review and Research Agenda

Although business restructuring occurs frequently and it is important for the prosperity of family firms across generations, research on family firms has largely evolved separately from research on business restructuring. This is a missed opportunity, since the two domains are complementary, and understanding the context, process, content, and outcome dimensions is relevant to both research streams. We address this by examining the intersection between research on business restructuring and family firms to improve our knowledge of each area and inform future research. To achieve this goal, we review and organize research across different dimensions to create an integrative framework. Building on current research, we focus on 88 studies at the intersection of family firm and business restructuring research to develop a model that identifies research needs and suggests directions for future research

Przepuszczalność wodna gleb nawożonych osadem ściekowym na plantacjach w Europie

Soil permeability is the measure of the soil’s ability to permit water to flow through soil pores. It depends chiefly on the volume and geometry of soil pores, bulk density, and soil structure. Studied soils were overgrown with short-rotation plantations of Salix and amended with sewage sludge in Germany, Estonia, and Poland. Sewage sludge application as well as the use of soils influenced water permeability.Przepuszczalność wodna gleb charakteryzuje przemieszczanie się wody w profilu glebowym. Zależy przede wszystkim od wielkości i geometrii porów glebowych, gęstości objętościowej i struktury gleby. Badane gleby na plantacjach wierzby nawożone osadem ściekowym w Polsce, Estonii i Niemczech. Zastosowanie osadu ściekowego oraz użytkowanie gleby miało wpływ na przepuszczalność wodną badanych gleb