Wave packet dynamics of the matter wave field of a Bose-Einstein condensate

We show in the framework of a tractable model that revivals and fractional revivals of wave packets afford clear signatures of the extent of departure from coherence and from Poisson statistics of the matter wave field in a Bose-Einstein condensate, or of a suitably chosen initial state of the radiation field propagating in a Kerr-like medium.Comment: 10 pages, 4 figures, RevTeX

Correlation among QPO frequencies and Quiescence-state Duration in Black Hole Candidate GRS 1915+105

We discover a definite correlation between the frequency of the quasi-periodic oscillations (QPO) in quiescence states and the duration of the quiescence state of the transient X-ray source GRS 1915+105. We find that while the QPO frequency can be explained with the oscillation of shocks in accretion flows, the switching of burst to quiescence states (and vice versa) and their duration can be explained by assuming an outflow from the post-shock region. The duration of the quiescence state is inversely related to the QPO-frequency. We derive this relation. We also find the correlation between the observed low ($\sim 0.001-0.01$Hz) and the intermediate (1-10Hz) QPO frequencies. Our analytical solutions are verified by analyzing several days of public-domain data from RXTE.Comment: Latex, 13 pages with 3 figures; Accepted for Publication in Astrophysical Journal Letter

A study on peripheral neuropathy in HIV infected patients: clinicoepidemiological and electrophysiological profile

Background: Peripheral neuropathy is one among the commonest HIV-associated neurologic complications. The spectrum and the frequency of this complication are changing due to the introduction of new antiretroviral drugs, aging of the HIV-infected people, etc. Hence there is need for a better understanding of these complications and their pathogenesis. This study was done with the aim of finding out the risk factors, clinical characteristics and various types and patterns of peripheral neuropathy in HIV infected patients of our region.Methods: This study was a cross sectional study conducted for about a period of one year. Patients attending the out patient department of anti retroviral therapy (ART) centre were taken for the study. Selected patients were analysed for the signs and symptoms of peripheral neuropathy and they underwent electrophysiological study.Results: Prevalence of peripheral neuropathy in HIV infected patients in our study population was 43.3%. Peripheral neuropathy was seen more in patients with advanced clinical stage and increasing age. Distal symmetric polyneuropathy was the commonest type. Common pathological pattern of neuropathy was mixed (both axonal and demyelination) neuropathy.Conclusions: As peripheral neuropathy is a common HIV-associated neurologic complication, large number of studies are needed to elucidate the mechanisms leading to peripheral neuropathy in HIV infected patients, which in turn will allow for the development of effective therapies that provide adequate symptomatic relief and halt or reverse the damage to the nerves

Some Clustering Methods, Algorithms and their Applications

Clustering is a type of unsupervised learning [15]. When no target values are known, or "supervisors," in an unsupervised learning task, the purpose is to produce training data from the inputs themselves. Data mining and machine learning would be useless without clustering. If you utilize it to categorize your datasets according to their similarities, you'll be able to predict user behavior more accurately. The purpose of this research is to compare and contrast three widely-used data-clustering methods. Clustering techniques include partitioning, hierarchy, density, grid, and fuzzy clustering. Machine learning, data mining, pattern recognition, image analysis, and bioinformatics are just a few of the many fields where clustering is utilized as an analytical technique. In addition to defining the various algorithms, specialized forms of cluster analysis, linking methods, and please offer a review of the clustering techniques used in the big data setting

Pesticide usage pattern for vegetable cultivation in Manmunai South & Eruvilpattu divisional secretariat Division of Batticaloa district, Sri Lanka

Batticaloa, is a coastal district in Sri Lanka. Vegetables except up-country vegetables sold in Batticaloa District are mainly grown in villages. Manmunai South and Eruvilpattu divisional secretariat (DS) division is a predominantly vegetable cultivating area in the Batticaloa district. Farmers in this region use variety of synthetic pesticides to protect vegetables. Recently public concern related to health risks associated with pesticide residues has been increased, substantially. Therefore, a study was conducted to find out pesticide usage practices of farmers on vegetable cultivation in Manmunai South and Eruvilpattu DS division. Stratified random sampling method was used to select respondents for the survey and the collected data were analyzed statistically. It was observed that, the usage of pesticides was higher in the study area. Vegetable farmers use more than 14 Insecticides to control pest infestation. Farmers in the study area apply pesticides more frequently. Highly pesticide sprayed crop is Brinjal. About 66% of the Chilli producing farmers and 84% of the Brinjal producing farmers apply pesticide more than 22 times per cropping season. Around 90% of the farmers apply more than the recommended dosage and frequency of the pesticides. It was noticed that more than 89% of the farmers harvest the produce before the recommended pre harvest interval. It was found out that farmers in the study area are not following recommended pesticide usage practices. Hence, it is essential to educate the farmers on recommended pesticide usage practices, reduced usage of synthetic pesticides and use of organic farming practices to reduce the ill effects of synthetic pesticides. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ijarit.v4i1.21092 Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. & Tech. 4 (1): 53-56, June, 201

Pesticide storage, disposal and protective methods adapted by the vegetable farmers in the Manmunai south and Eruvilpattu divisional secretariat division of Batticaloa district, Sri Lanka

Batticaloa district is in the Eastern Part of Sri Lanka. Vegetables except up-country vegetables sold in Batticaloa district are mainly grown in villages in the district. Manmunai South and Eruvilpattu divisional secretariat (DS) division is a predominantly vegetable cultivating area in the Batticaloa district. Farmers in this region use variety of synthetic pesticides to protect vegetables. Recently public concern related to health risks associated with pesticide residues in the vegetables has been increased substantially. Therefore, a study was conducted to find out pesticide storage, disposal and protective methods adapted by the farmers on vegetable cultivation in Manmunai South and Eruvilpattu DS division. Stratified random sampling method was used to select respondents for the survey and collected data were analyzed statistically. It was observed that the usage of pesticides is higher in the study area. There are no any proper storage methods practices by farmers and they are highly negligent in proper disposal of empty containers. The farmers in the survey area never use any protective measures before or during the spraying operations of pesticides. It was found that awareness related to pesticide usage, storage and disposal methods by farmers were very low. Further, they are unaware of the ill effects of pesticides on human beings as well as the environment itself. Awareness programmes are essential and recommended to change the attitudes of farmers to shift them from traditional to environmental friendly pest control methods

A case of elephantiasis neuromatosa

Elephantiasis neuromatosa (EN) is a rare and unique complication of plexiform neurofibroma, a type of neurofibromatosis type 1, and manifests as hypertrophy of an extremity (either lower limb or upper limb). EN can be seen in individuals of any age group including children and young adults where males and females are affected equally. Diagnosis is done primarily by magnetic resonance imaging of the affected region along with a history and clinical examination. EN may lead to severe functional impairment of the involved limb with cosmetic disfigurement. Treatment is mainly surgical with less satisfactory results. Here, we present a 6-year-old child with EN

2DOF PID Controller Design for a Class of FOPTD Models–An Analysis with Heuristic Algorithms

AbstractIn recent years, a number of controller design procedures are developed and implemented in process industries to enhance the performance of closed loop processes. In this paper, heuristic algorithm based Two Degrees Of Freedom (2DOF) PID controller design is proposed for a class of First Order Plus Time Delay (FOPTD) systems existing in the literature. Minimization of the weighted sum of multiple objective functions is considered to monitor the heuristic search towards the optimal controller parameters. A detailed comparative analysis between well known heuristic methods, such as Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Bacterial Foraging Optimization (BFO), Cuckoo Search (CS) and Firefly Algorithm (FA) are presented. The popular 2DOF PID structures, such as Feed Back Structure (FBS) and Feed Forward Structure (FFS) are considered in this work to enhance the performance of FOPTD systems. From the results, it is noted that, proposed controller provides enhanced results for the reference tracking and disturbance rejection operations