Polymorphism Of Simple Sequence Repeat Regions Of Sulawesi Ebony (Diosphyros Celebica Bakh.) In Experimental Forest Of Hasanuddin University Provenance

Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)-based molecular techniques have been used to detect the polymorphism in plants. The utilization of molecular markers plays essential role in germplasm characterization and plant breeding since the information of DNA marker technology can be exchanged between laboratories and should have standard method to be reproducible. The molecular aspect has been commonly linked to DNA isolation protocol and polymorphic molecular marker, thus can be used for molecular research recommendation purposes. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the capability of microsatellite marker of Ebenaceae Family for amplifying Ebony DNA, and to determine the appropriate PCR annealing temperatures. The DNA isolation of Ebony leaves from Experimental Forest of Hasanuddin University Provenance was carried out using Genomic DNA Mini Kit (Plant) Geneaid protocol. Nine of seventeen selected primers from the Genus Diospyros were able to amplify Ebony DNA. Amplification products produced polymorphic bands with different annealing temperatures (ranged from 53 to 56°C). These nine polymorphic primers will be recommended to use for future studies in genetic diversity as well as pollen dispersal pattern analyses

The the Effectiveness of Suggestopedia Method with Wordwall Picture in Increasing Vocabulary Mastery with Learning Disabilities

This study investigates the effects of Suggestopedia method with wordwall picture in increase the vocabulary mastery students of SMPLB Negeri Parepare in academic year 2016/ 2017. This method engages the students' attentions and various fun learning activities which decreased the students' boredom during their learning. Wordwall picture provides the students' illustrations and ideas in their minds. It applied mixed methods research design quantitative and qualitative approaches with single group interrupted time-series design. The population are who students with learning disabilities of SMPLB Parepare in academic year 2016/2017 which consist of 11 students and the sample constitútes consist of 5 students.  This research  used sampling as  a technique of sampling. Based on the quantitative analysis, the result showed that 1) student test were significant accorbing to the questionnaire, the result show thet the students motivation incresed. It means that suggestopedia method with wordwall picture affected the students vocebulary mastery in learning. The result also proved that students interest in learning english has a significant relationship or influence with students vocebulary score. 2) The qualitative data from questionnaire showed that students' motivation increased. It means that Suggestopedia method with wordwall picture affected the students vocabulary, mastery in learning, it proved that Suggestopedia Method with Wordwall Picture able to increase the interest in learning English of the students with disabilities learning of SMPLB Parepare

High Outcrossing Rate and Pollen Dispersal Distance of Diospyros Celebica Bakh. (Ebenaceae), an Endemic Tree Species in Sulawesi Island, Indonesia

Diosphyros celebica Bakh., also known as Sulawesi ebony, is an endemic to central and northern Sulawesi. Information about pollen dispersal patterns of D. celebica have not been previously investigated. This study was aimed to determine pollination type, percentage of selfing and outcrossing, as well as distance of pollen dispersal of D. celebica. This study was conducted at experimental forest of Universitas Hasanuddin, Maros District, South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. One hundred and sixty six individuals of D. celebica consisted of adult trees and seedlings were analyzed in this study. Ninety four adult trees were selected to become parent trees. The trees were mapped with GPS coordinates . All samples were genotyped using four SSR markers loci. Parental analysis and determination of pollen dispersal patterns were carried out using Cervus 3.0.3. Results indicated that the evaluated markers were effective for assigning candidate of male parents to all evaluated seedlings. Donated pollens could come from male parents in any directions relative to female parent positions. Pollen dispersal pattern showed outcrossing pollination among different male parents (pollen donated trees). The results indicated that seeds were produced predominatly by outcrossing. Pollen dispersal reached up to 166 m. Pollen related processes were linked through female parents, pollinators availability and ecological environment. Simultaneous use of progeny genotyping, spatially explicit analysis of environmental variables and outcomes of plant–animal interactions, were the key elements for an expanded approach to gene flow analysis considering dispersal via pollen and seeds. Research on pollen dispersal of D. celebica should be carried out in other forest types, such as mixed forest and highland forest

Polimorfisme Penanda Rapd Untuk Analisis Keragaman Genetik Kemiri (Aleurites Mollucana) Di Kabupaten Maros

The genetic diversity of candlenut (Aleurites mollucana) need to be analysed using molecular study for plant breeding purpose. Primer selection are basic steps for molecular study especially in analysis of genetic diversity. The aim of this research was to obtain RAPD primers  were able to amplify candlenut DNA, produce bright and clear polymorphic bands. The result showed that seven of 20 RAPD primers were able to produce polymorphic band. These seven polymorphic primers can be recommended to use for genetic diversity of candlenut analyses