Ergaenzungsentwicklung zur Energieversorgung eines Brauereibetriebes mit Brauereireststoffen Abschlussbericht

A continuous double-stage process for methaniation of organic brewerey wastes, meeting the requirements of the research project 'Energy supply of a brewery from brewery residues' (03285250C) was realized in a scale of 200 l fermenter volume. Organic dry matter can be degraded to a degree of 85% applying a spatial separation of hydrolysis of easy degradable fractions. Rentention time decrease from 18-20 days to 12-13 days. Surplus waste water doesn't meet the requirements for direct dump into a sewer. Dump in a sewage plant requires measures for precipitation of ammonia and measures for COD-reduction to avoid extra charges for water pollution. Furthermore the upgraded water can be utilized for adjustment of dry matter in the fermenter. Released solids of the process contain cellulose and lignin to a great extent and are not convenient for composition. It can be used as a fertilizer in horticulture. The process was also realized in pilot-scale (8 m"3 fermenter volume). The performance was a degradation of 85% of organic dry matter during continuous operation. (orig.)Das im Forschungsvorhaben 'Energieversorgung einer Brauerei mit Brauereireststoffen' geplante Verfahren einer zweistufigen Anlage zur Methanisierung von Brauereireststoffen wurde im Technikumsmassstab (200 l) fertiggestellt. Ein weitgehender Abbau von ueber 85% der Trockensubstanz zu Biogas kann durch die raeumliche Trennung der Hydrolyse von leicht verwertbaren Substanzen (Einweiss, Fett, Staerke) und schwer verwertbaren Substanzen (Lignocellulose) erreicht werden. Die Verweilzeit kann so von bisher 18-20 Tagen auf 12-13 Tagen verkuerzt werden. Die Qualitaet des Ablaufs aus der Methanstufe laesst eine Direkteinleitung nicht zu. Zur Indirekteinleitung sind Massnahmen zur Ammoniumabscheidung (MAP-Faellung) und CSB-Reduktion (Kombination von Belueftung und Faellung/Flockung) mit aktivierten Betoniten zu treffen, um Starkverschmutzerzuschlaege zu vermeiden. Mit so gereinigtem Abwasser laesst sich auch der gesamte Bedarf an Verduennungsmedium zum Einstellen der gewuenschten Trockensubstanz im Reaktor decken. Die Reststoffe der Anlage enthalten im wesentlichen Cellulose und Lignin und sind zur Kompostierung nicht geeignet. Sie koennen als Bodenverbesserungsmittel eingesetzt werden. Das Verfahren wurde in den Pilotmassstab (8 m"3) Fermentervolumen uebertragen. Im kontinuierlichen Betrieb wurde ein Abbaugrad von 75% der Trockensubstanz erreicht. (orig.)Available from TIB Hannover: F97B1525+a / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekSIGLEBundesministerium fuer Forschung und Technologie (BMFT), Bonn (Germany)DEGerman

Entwicklung eines wissensbasierten Bilanzierungs- und Entscheidungssystems zum umweltschonenden inner- und ueberbetrieblichen Guelleeinsatz

The objective of this research project was the development of a decision support system for the ecologically friendly application of slurry manure. The project should show a way how it is possible to bring the knowledge of experts in the area of organic fertilizing to the farmers. A computer system should be created on the basis of this expert knowledge, which supports the farmer in the correct application of slurry manure. This objective was fulfilled. The decision support system GUELLEX is based on a database. GUELLEX was created using MS-Access and MS-Visual Basic. The system uses methodical approaches from the operations research and guidelines for the development of expert systems. One of the main scopes was to develop an easy-to-use tool which can be used intuitivly and which presents all results in a clear, understandable way. So the user has different options to visualize and analyse the results like textual information, thematic maps or business charts. (orig.)Available from TIB Hannover: F97B805+a / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekSIGLEBundesministerium fuer Bildung, Wissenschaft, Forschung und Technologie, Bonn (Germany)DEGerman

CARLOTTA - Klimatologie aufsteigender Luftstroemungen und deren Beziehung zum grossraeumigen Transport von Spurenstoffen in der Atmosphaere Endbericht

During CARLOTTA we established the first long-term climatology of so called warm conveyor belts (WCBs) and the first long-term climatology of global-scale pollutant transport. The analysis of the pollutant transport climatology is based on calculations with the Lagrangian particles dispersion model FLEXPART, over a 15-year period. The typical pathways of anthropogenic pollutants originating from each continent were described and the influence of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) on Northern Hemisphere (NH) pathways was studied in detail. The greatest variability is seen for transport of European emissions into the Arctic. During high phases on the NAO European emissions take a north easterly path, crossing Scandinavia and travelling to the Arctic region. During low phases, the transport is slower and as the westerlies and the icelandic low are weaker, less north-eastward transport occurs on the east side of the low. These results could be confirmed by comparison with GOME satellite images series showing NO_2 for 7 winters and long-term measurements of CO at high latitude measurement stations, as well as Black Carbon time series at Maze Head. WCBs are strongly ascending moist airstreams in extratropical cyclones, that rise on a timescale of two days from the boundary layer to the upper troposphere and were identified based on trajectory calculations. WCB starting points are most frequently located between approximately 25 N and 45 N and between 20 S and 45 S. In the NH there are two distinct frequency maxima east of North America and east of Asia, whereas there is much less zonal variability in the Southern Hemisphere (SH). In the NH WCBs are almost an order of magnitude more frequent in January than in July, whereas in the SH the sasonal variation is much weaker. Furthermore strong links between climate variability and the frequency of WCBs were found. The importance of WCBs for intercontinental pollutant transport was confirmed by recent aircraft campaigns over the Pacific (e.g. TRACE-P, ITCT-2k2) and Atlantic (e.g. CONTRACE). For the ITCT campaign we provided forecasts of pollutant transport which made it possible to guide the aircrafts to successfully measure pollutants, which experienced intercontinental transport. Based on MOZAIC data we established a 1-year ozone transport climatology. A new method, how trajectory calculations can be replaced by more accurate dispersion model calculation was established and applied to a case study of transatlantic transport. (orig.)SIGLEAvailable from TIB Hannover: F04B1828 / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekBundesministerium fuer Bildung und Forschung, Berlin (Germany)DEGerman

Untersuchungen zur Reduktion von Stickstoffeintraegen in Gewaesser durch computergestuetzte, exakte Laengs- und Querverteilung bei der Guelleausbringung. T. 2: Systemueberpruefung und verfahrenstechnische Bewertung Endbericht

Available from TIB Hannover: F97B1425+a / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekSIGLEBundesministerium fuer Bildung, Wissenschaft, Forschung und Technologie, Bonn (Germany)DEGerman

Erprobung von Verfahren zur qualitativen und quantitativen Erfassung von Geruchsstoffen

TIB: RN 8908(86-113) / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekSIGLEDEGerman

Wirtschaftlichkeit des Einsatzes von nachwachsenden Rohstoffen als Co-Substrate zur Erzeugung von Biogas Abschlussbericht

Economic, ecological and process data of agricultural biogas plants were compiled and analysed, aiming at an economic validation of the applications of renewable fuels as energy sources for co-processing in agricultural biogas plants.Im Rahmen dieser Studie werden die zur oekonomischen, oekologischen und verfahrenstechnischen Bewertung der Energiegewinnung in landwirtschaftlichen Biogasanlagen derzeit vorhandenen Erkenntnisse erarbeitet und zusammengestellt. Ziel ist die oekonomische Validierung der Einsatzmoeglichkeiten unterschiedlicher nachwachsender Rohstoffe als Energietraeger zur Mitverarbeitung in landwirtschaftlichen Biogasanlagen. (orig.)SIGLEAvailable from TIB Hannover: F02B1741 / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekFachagentur Nachwachsende Rohstoffe e.V., Guelzow (Germany)DEGerman

Pruefung, Weiterentwicklung und praktischer Einsatz von Einfach-Luftkollektoren zur Nutzung von Sonnenenergie fuer landwirtschaftliche und gewerbliche Zwecke (Luftkollektortest) Schlussbericht

With 6 refs., 4 tabs., 66 figs.SIGLEDEGerman

Verfahren und Techniken zur Gruppenfuetterung von Milchkuehen

Available from TIB Hannover: RO 5107(49) / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekSIGLEDEGerman