Analysis of Echocardiographic findings in HIV Positive patients with Cardiac Symptoms

BACKGROUND : Cardiac abnormalities are common in HIV positive patients. There is less documentation about its presentation. AIM OF THE STUDY : To describe the pattern of cardiac abnormalities in HIV patients. OBJECTIVE : 1. To Study Pattern of Cardiac Involvement In HIV Patients. 2. To Know Incidence of Various Cardiac Diseases in our Population. 3. To Compare Results with Available Literature. PATIENTS AND METHODS : This was a hospital-based cross-sectional observational study. HIV positive patients, HIV patients on HARRT without cardiac, diabetic, hypertensive, renal and respiratory disease were selected for the study. They were subjected to routine investigations and then for Electrocardiogram, Chest x ray and Echocardiogram. The results were analyzed and presented here. SUMMARY : Cardiac disorders in HIV infected individuals are common. Non-invasive investigations like echocardiography helps in early diagnosis of asymptomatic cardiac disease in HIV infected individuals. ART improves clinical outcomes in HIV infected individuals with cardiac disease. CONCLUSIONS : 82% of the patents were males and 18% were females. Majority of the patients are in the age group 41-50 years. The male female ratio is 4.5:1. 32% of the patients were confirmed with cardiac disease. 45.5% of the patients had CD4 count less than 200. 91% were on Anti Retroviral Therapy. 8% of the males had the disease beyond 3 years. 53.5% of the patients were in the WHO HIV clinical stage 3. Most common echocardiographic diagnosis was myocarditis, Pericardial effusion, systolic dysfunction and diastolic dysfunction, each at 7% respectively. Smoking status correlated with HIV and coronary artery disease. Low CD4 count correlated with HIV and myocarditis

The impact of obesity on the cellular and molecular pathophysiology of COVID-19

Emerging evidence reveals a strong association between COVID-19 and obesity in terms of disease severity, need for hospitalisation and risk of mortality. In this review, we discuss cellular and molecular mechanisms potentially contributing to the pathophysiology of COVID-19 in obese patients. Understanding the relationship between COVID-19 and obesity is pertinent for the clinical management of these patients

Benchmarking of Cell Throughput Using Proportional Fair Scheduler in a Single Cell Environment

The proportional fair (PF) scheduling algorithm compromises between cell throughput and fairness. Many research findings have been published by various researchers about PF algorithm based on mathematical model and simulations. In this paper we have taken the practical route to analyse the algorithm based on three types of subscription. In this benchmarking study, the user subscriptions are differentiated as Gold, Silver and Bronze schemes and they are provisioned with certain throughputs. Apart from subscriptions plans, the channel condition also plays a major role in determining the throughput. So in order to ensure fairness among different subscriptions even in the bad channel conditions and to deliver the provisioned throughputs certain priorities are attached with the subscriptions. As per the subscription plans Gold subscribers are assigned with 50% of the speed offered by the network as maximum based on CAT3 speed (100 Mbps in DL and 50 Mbps in UL), Silver is assigned with 25% of the max speed and Bronze is assigned with 12% of the max speed. The priorities assigned to subscribers determines the fairness in the unfavourable channel conditions - Bronze (high), Silver and Gold (medium). In this paper, an benchmarking tests have been performed with all of three types of subscribers for nearly two hours in the live single cell network without any heterogeneous cells influencing it. Furthermore, the results are compared with the simulation results

Reconstruction of post electrical burns scalp defect

Pertinent approach for scalp reconstruction often poses a challenge to plastic surgeons due to numerous reasons like inelastic nature of scalp, hairy nature of scalp and others. Traditional surgical treatment of deep burns of the scalp and skull involved excision of necrotic bone and soft tissues with trephanation of the bone to permit granulation tissue formation followed by skin grafting. However, this approach prolongs wound time and adds additional trauma. Even after initial healing it may necessitate secondary soft tissue and bone reconstruction. Treatment of scalp defect after electrical burn is managed according to the amount of damage. Scalp burn injury with osteomyelitis of the calvarium is seldom mentioned in literature. In the present case, the defect was long standing with skull exposure and hence routine management of scalp defect had to be differed. The calvarial bone was replaced with sequestrum. Complete excision of the sequestrum was done with intact dura. Ensuing defect was covered with local transposition flap. The donor area was covered with split thickness skin graft

Tibia fractures managed with minimally invasive internal fixation: a case series of 20 cases

Distal tibia fractures are frequently associated with an extensive soft tissue injury, leading to a higher risk of complications such as skin complications, infection, non-union, and eventually poor overall outcome. This study aims to measure the outcome of open/closed distal tibia fractures treated with minimally invasive internal fixation. We aim to propose an algorithm for the management of distal tibia fractures by evaluating the treatment options, outcomes, and risk factors present. This study is a case series study of all distal tibia fractures treated surgically in Kamineni Academy of Medical Sciences, LB Nagar from 2018 to 2022. Patient records were reviewed to analyze the outcomes of surgical treatment and the risk factors associated with it

The Rise of Crypto Malware: Leveraging Machine Learning Techniques to Understand the Evolution, Impact, and Detection of Cryptocurrency-Related Threats

Crypto malware has become a major threat to the security of cryptocurrency holders and exchanges. As the popularity of cryptocurrency continues to rise, so too does the number and sophistication of crypto malware attacks. This paper leverages machine learning techniques to understand the evolution, impact, and detection of cryptocurrency-related threats. We analyse the different types of crypto malware, including ransomware, crypto jacking, and supply chain attacks, and explore the use of machine learning algorithms for detecting and preventing these threats. Our research highlights the importance of using machine learning for detecting crypto malware and compares the effectiveness of traditional methods with deep learning techniques. Through this analysis, we aim to provide insights into the growing threat of crypto malware and the potential benefits of using machine learning in combating these attacks

An Efficiency Study On Water Extraction From Air Using Thermophoresis Method

Only three-dimensional of the world’s water is H2O, and common fraction of that's tucked away in frozen glaciers or otherwise out of stock for our use. As a result, some 1.1 billion individuals worldwide lack access to water, and a complete of two.7 billion realize water scarce for a minimum of one month of the year.An AWG extracts water from air.Water vapour within the air are often extracted by condensation - cooling the air below its saturation point, exposing the air to desiccants. At the same time applying thermophoresis method where the system is cooled to its max and surrounding atmospheric air is forcefully heated such that during there contact water droplets formation is increased and efficiency is increased which would be inversely proportional to the time taken. Even if applying cascade system of refrigeration, the efficiency of water generation from humid air is increased