The histology of dermal glands of mating Breviceps with comments on their possible functional value in microhylids (Amphibia: Anura)

During mating male and female Breviceps become ‘glued’ together. The distribution of multicellular dermal glands varies between the sexes. The mate has a large number of holocrine glands on the ventrum, while the female has similar glands on the dorsum of the back. II thus appears that both sexes contribute to the ‘glueing’ mechanism. New hypotheses to explain the adhesion between the sexes are proposed, viz., that the shift to terrestrial habils and subterranean laying in Breviceps have secondarily resulted in male si2e diminution. In other microhylids which adhere during aquatic oviposition, yet demonstrate a terrestrial morphology and habits, bouyancy is suggested to be of primary functional value.Material digitalizado en SEDICI gracias a la colaboración del Dr. Jorge Williams (FCNM-UNLP).Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Muse

The histology of dermal glands of mating Breviceps with comments on their possible functional value in microhylids (Amphibia: Anura)

During mating male and female Breviceps become ‘glued’ together. The distribution of multicellular dermal glands varies between the sexes. The mate has a large number of holocrine glands on the ventrum, while the female has similar glands on the dorsum of the back. II thus appears that both sexes contribute to the ‘glueing’ mechanism. New hypotheses to explain the adhesion between the sexes are proposed, viz., that the shift to terrestrial habils and subterranean laying in Breviceps have secondarily resulted in male si2e diminution. In other microhylids which adhere during aquatic oviposition, yet demonstrate a terrestrial morphology and habits, bouyancy is suggested to be of primary functional value.Material digitalizado en SEDICI gracias a la colaboración del Dr. Jorge Williams (FCNM-UNLP).Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Muse

High energy neutrinos from a slow jet model of core collapse supernovae

It has been hypothesized recently that core collapse supernovae are triggered by mildly relativistic jets following observations of radio properties of these explosions. Association of a jet, similar to a gamma-ray burst jet but only slower, allows shock acceleration of particles to high energy and non-thermal neutrino emission from a supernova. Detection of these high energy neutrinos in upcoming kilometer scale Cherenkov detectors may be the only direct way to probe inside these astrophysical phenomena as electromagnetic radiation is thermal and contains little information. Calculation of high energy neutrino signal from a simple and slow jet model buried inside the pre-supernova star is reviewed here. The detection prospect of these neutrinos in water or ice detector is also discussed in this brief review. Jetted core collapse supernovae in nearby galaxies may provide the strongest high energy neutrino signal from point sources.Comment: 17 pages, 5 figures, invited brief revie

Amplification of the Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus/human herpesvirus 8 lytic origin of DNA replication is dependent upon a cis-acting AT-rich region and an ORF50 response element and the trans-acting factors ORF50 (K-Rta) and K8 (K-bZIP)

AbstractKaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), also known as human herpesvirus 8 (HHV8), has significant sequence homology to Epstein–Barr virus (EBV). In cell culture, HHV8 is primarily latent, and viral genes associated with lytic replication are not expressed. Two lytic origins of DNA replication (oriLyt) are present within the HHV8 genome and are composed of an AT-rich region adjacent to GC-rich DNA sequences. We have now identified essential cis- and trans-acting elements required for oriLyt-dependent DNA replication. The transient replication assay was used to show that two AT-rich elements, three consensus AP1 transcription factor-binding sites, an ORF50 response element (RE), and a consensus TATA box motif are essential for efficient origin-dependent DNA replication. Transient transfection of luciferase reporter constructs indicated that the downstream region of the HHV8 oriLyt responds to ORF50 and suggests that part of the oriLyt may be an enhancer/promoter. In addition, a transient cotransfection–replication assay elucidated the set of trans-acting factors required for lytic DNA replication. These factors consist of homologues to the core replication proteins: ORF6 (ssDNA binding protein), ORF9 (DNA polymerase), ORF40-41 (primase-associated factor), ORF44 (helicase), ORF56 (primase), and ORF59 (polymerase processivity factor) common to all herpesviruses along with ORF50 (K-Rta) and K8 (K-bZIP)

La vibración sexual preventiva (“warning vibration”) en Pleurodema Chilenas

Se registraron las vibraciones sexuales preventivas (warning vibration) como carácter ambosexual de poblaciones Pleurodema bibroni de distintas localidades de Chile. Una población de la Cordillera 1.500 metros: Lo Valdés) presenta la mayor frecuencia (frecuencia media de 22.24 vibraciones/segundo en los machos; de 18.6 en las hembras) y la mayor diferenciación sexual en el trazado. Una población de Santiago de Chile presenta los valores más bajos de la frecuencia (frecuencia media de 16.5 en los machos; de 16.21 en las hembras) y la más débil amplitud y diferenciación sexual en el trazado. Los machos de una población de Aysen revelan la amplitud mayor en sus trazados y una relativa constancia en la frecuencia de las vibraciones (frecuencia media 17.41). El carácter fisiológico objeto de estas observaciones puede ser utilizado, junto con otros datos, para el estudio de la diferenciación adaptativa, morfo y fisiológica, de poblaciones distintas de una misma especie en condiciones de aislamiento geográfico.An ambisexual character, the sexual warning vibration in samples of Pleurodema bibroni from several Chilean localities were registered. The highest frecuencies (22.24 vibrations/ sec. by the males and 18.6 vibrations/ sec. by the females) ahd the greatest sexual differentiation in the tracing were exhibited by a sample from the mountains Lo Valdés, 1.500 meters high.). The lowest frecuencies (males 1.6.5; females 16.21), the smallest amplitudes and the weakest sexual differentiation in the tracing were shown by a sample from Santiago (Chile) The males of a sample from Aysen showed the greatest amplitude and a relative constancy in the frecuency of vibration (mean frecuency: 17.41 cycles/sec.). Together with other data the above mentioned physiological characteristics may. be used in the analysis of the morpho-physiological adaptive differentiation between several populations of the same specie.Material digitalizado en SEDICI gracias a la colaboración del Dr. Jorge Williams (FCNM-UNLP).Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Muse

Dual-readout Calorimetry

The RD52 Project at CERN is a pure instrumentation experiment whose goal is to understand the fundamental limitations to hadronic energy resolution, and other aspects of energy measurement, in high energy calorimeters. We have found that dual-readout calorimetry provides heretofore unprecedented information event-by-event for energy resolution, linearity of response, ease and robustness of calibration, fidelity of data, and particle identification, including energy lost to binding energy in nuclear break-up. We believe that hadronic energy resolutions of {\sigma}/E $\approx$ 1 - 2% are within reach for dual-readout calorimeters, enabling for the first time comparable measurement preci- sions on electrons, photons, muons, and quarks (jets). We briefly describe our current progress and near-term future plans. Complete information on all aspects of our work is available at the RD52 website http://highenergy.phys.ttu.edu/dream/.Comment: 10 pages, 10 figures, Snowmass White pape

La vibración sexual preventiva (“warning vibration”) en Pleurodema Chilenas

Se registraron las vibraciones sexuales preventivas (warning vibration) como carácter ambosexual de poblaciones Pleurodema bibroni de distintas localidades de Chile. Una población de la Cordillera 1.500 metros: Lo Valdés) presenta la mayor frecuencia (frecuencia media de 22.24 vibraciones/segundo en los machos; de 18.6 en las hembras) y la mayor diferenciación sexual en el trazado. Una población de Santiago de Chile presenta los valores más bajos de la frecuencia (frecuencia media de 16.5 en los machos; de 16.21 en las hembras) y la más débil amplitud y diferenciación sexual en el trazado. Los machos de una población de Aysen revelan la amplitud mayor en sus trazados y una relativa constancia en la frecuencia de las vibraciones (frecuencia media 17.41). El carácter fisiológico objeto de estas observaciones puede ser utilizado, junto con otros datos, para el estudio de la diferenciación adaptativa, morfo y fisiológica, de poblaciones distintas de una misma especie en condiciones de aislamiento geográfico.An ambisexual character, the sexual warning vibration in samples of Pleurodema bibroni from several Chilean localities were registered. The highest frecuencies (22.24 vibrations/ sec. by the males and 18.6 vibrations/ sec. by the females) ahd the greatest sexual differentiation in the tracing were exhibited by a sample from the mountains Lo Valdés, 1.500 meters high.). The lowest frecuencies (males 1.6.5; females 16.21), the smallest amplitudes and the weakest sexual differentiation in the tracing were shown by a sample from Santiago (Chile) The males of a sample from Aysen showed the greatest amplitude and a relative constancy in the frecuency of vibration (mean frecuency: 17.41 cycles/sec.). Together with other data the above mentioned physiological characteristics may. be used in the analysis of the morpho-physiological adaptive differentiation between several populations of the same specie.Material digitalizado en SEDICI gracias a la colaboración del Dr. Jorge Williams (FCNM-UNLP).Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Muse

Argentine batrachological and biogeographical notes

Incluye: - Notas batracológicas y biogeográficas argentinas (Región Cuyana y Provincias Limítrofes) I - II - III - IV, por J. M. CeiI (1955) - Notas batracológicas y biogeográficas argentinas - V, por J. M. Cei y S. A. Pierotti (1955)Material digitalizado en SEDICI gracias a la colaboración del Dr. Jorge Williams (FCNM-UNLP).Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Muse

La vibración sexual preventiva en poblaciones de Bufo spinulosus de Chile

Se registraron las vibraciones sexuales preventivas en poblaciones de Bufo spinulosus de Chile. El porcentaje de los individuos con este reflejo fué del 100% en Copiapó, Vallenar, Paposo y Santiago de Chile (machos y hembras); del 8% en San Pedro de Atacama (machos y hembras). Hay escasa o nula diferencia entre todas estas poblaciones por la frecuencia vibratoria y su “range” (términos medios entre 4.77 y 4.88 vibr./seg. en los machos; 3.98 y 4.80 en las hembras; “ranges” entre 3_6). La vibración preventiva en esta especie se mantiene como carácter sistemático, acercándola a los Bufo del grupo marinus~paracnemis y arenarum, o alvarius, y también es carácter ambosexual, con diferencia en la contracción muscular entre machos y hembras.All males and females specimens of Bufo spinulosus populations from Copiapó, Vallenar, Paposo and Santiago de Chile, exhibited the warning vibration when handled. Only 8% of specimens from population of San Pedro de Atacama (Puna de Atacama: 2.800 mtr„ Chile), present the same vibration when handled and clasped. Kymograph records were made, and data on counts of vibration per second summarized. The frecuency is low in all these populations (males: 4.77-4.88; females: 3.98 - 4.80), and the taxonomic indicative value of the character was considered.Material digitalizado en SEDICI gracias a la colaboración del Dr. Jorge Williams (FCNM-UNLP).Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Muse

Argentine batrachological and biogeographical notes

Incluye: - Notas batracológicas y biogeográficas argentinas (Región Cuyana y Provincias Limítrofes) I - II - III - IV, por J. M. CeiI (1955) - Notas batracológicas y biogeográficas argentinas - V, por J. M. Cei y S. A. Pierotti (1955)Material digitalizado en SEDICI gracias a la colaboración del Dr. Jorge Williams (FCNM-UNLP).Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Muse