Waste Management in Some Medium Sized Metallurgical Industries

In thispaper, an attempt has been made to discuss some aspects of the nature of wastes generated and their management in some medium sized metallurgical industries, viz. mini steel plants of (1) MIs Special Steels Limtited, Bombay; (2)MIs Sun Flag Iron and Steel Company Ltd., Bhandara Road; (3) MIs IPISTEEL,Dhenkanal; (4) MlsIncast Metal Private Limited, Bhubaneswar (Steel Casting); (5) MIs Indo Flo gates Limited, Kalunga (Refractory Castings); (6) MIs Konark Malleables Private Limited, Jagatpur (Processing of Malleables) and (7) Mr's Foundry Forge Plant, Ranchi (Forging). The wastes considered are solid, liquid and gaseous entities. The solid wastes are in the form of slag, mill scale, used refractory, used moulding sand, coal ash, saw dust, metal turnings and borings, various dusts from flue gases and dry grinding units, lime slurry and sludges. The liquid wastes are in the form of industrial effluents at ambient and higher temperatures. The characteristics such as pfl, total suspended solids, total dissolved solids,dissolved oxygen, chemical oxygen and biological oxygen demands, oil and greases etc. are given quantitatively. The gaseous wastes consists of flue gases and fumes from furnaces and tar pots. These wastes may contain oxides of carbon, sulphur and nitrogen, cyanides, fluorides, etc. Values of these characteristics are given. Mention has been made of the requirements of the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB)for the Iron and Steel Industry together with pollution control measures for better environmental management

Pre-Requisites of Pre-Service Secondary Teacher Education Programme in Jharkhand: an Analysis

The fundamental basis of the curriculum, critical andragogical input, availability of time period, modern and innovative transactional approaches and qualitative evaluation process in the prescribed curriculum, infrastructural facilities as well as the teacher composition are considered to be the quality indicators of teacher education programme. The study was delimited to colleges (both private and government) having attached B.Ed. wing under Kolhan University. By utilizing both qualitative and quantitative techniques the relevant data were collected in terms of intended curriculum, infrastructural facilities and teacher composition. Subsequently it was revealed that the secondary teacher education programme of Kolhan University was more or less a knowledge transmission model inefficient to foster prospective teachers as a facilitator of pupil's learning in varied socio-cultural contexts. The present research contrives necessary measures to evolve a quality teacher education programme which may be capable of meeting the emerging challenges of secondary education in Jharkhand

The properties of active galaxies at the extreme of eigenvector 1

Eigenvector 1 (EV1) is the formal parameter which allows the introduction of some order in the properties of the unobscured type 1 active galaxies. We aim to understand the nature of this parameter by analyzing the most extreme examples of quasars with the highest possible values of the corresponding eigenvalues $R_{Fe}$. We selected the appropriate sources from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) and performed detailed modeling, including various templates for the Fe II pseudo-continuum and the starlight contribution to the spectrum. Out of 27 sources with $R_{Fe}$ larger than 1.3 and with the measurement errors smaller than 20\% selected from the SDSS quasar catalog, only six sources were confirmed to have a high value of $R_{Fe}$, defined as being above 1.3. All other sources have $an R_{Fe}$ of approximately 1. Three of the high $R_{Fe}$ objects have a very narrow H$\beta$ line, below 2100 km s$^{-1}$ but three sources have broad lines, above 4500 km s$^{-1}$, that do not seem to form a uniform group, differing considerably in black hole mass and Eddington ratio; they simply have a very similar EW([OIII]5007) line. Therefore, the interpretation of the EV1 remains an open issue.Comment: Astronomy and Astrophysics (in press

T-duality and Actions for Non-BPS D-branes

We employ T-duality to restrict the tachyon dependence of effective actions for non-BPS D-branes. For the Born-Infeld part the criteria of T-duality and supersymmetry are satisfied by a simple extension of the D-brane Born-Infeld action.Comment: Latex, 11 page

Compact stars within an asy-soft quark-meson-coupling model

We investigate compact star properties within the quark meson coupling model (QMC) with a soft symmetry energy density dependence at large densities. In particular, the hyperon content and the mass/radius curves for the families of stars obtained within the model are discussed. The hyperon-meson couplings are chosen according to experimental values of the hyperon nuclear matter potentials, and possible uncertainties are considered. It is shown that a softer symmetry energy gives rise to stars with less hyperons, smaller radii and larger masses. Hyperon-meson couplings may also have a strong effect on the mass of the star.Comment: 7 pages, revtex, accepted in Phys. Rev.

Warm and dense stellar matter under strong magnetic fields

We investigate the effects of strong magnetic fields on the equation of state of warm stellar matter as it may occur in a protoneutron star. Both neutrino free and neutrino trapped matter at a fixed entropy per baryon are analyzed. A relativistic mean field nuclear model, including the possibility of hyperon formation, is considered. A density dependent magnetic field with the magnitude $10^{15}$ G at the surface and not more than $3\times 10^{18}$ G at the center is considered. The magnetic field gives rise to a neutrino suppression, mainly at low densities, in matter with trapped neutrinos. It is shown that an hybrid protoneutron star will not evolve to a low mass blackhole if the magnetic field is strong enough and the magnetic field does not decay. However, the decay of the magnetic field after cooling may give rise to the formation of a low mass blackhole.Comment: 17 pages, 10 figures, 3 tables, submitted to Phys. Rev.

Rocket Performance of Red Fuming Nitric Acid with Blends of Norbornadiene, Carene and Cardanol

The fuel blends of nornornadiene and carene (50:50 by weight) and norbornadiene, carene and cardanol (40:40:20 by weight) exhibit synergistic hypergolic ignition with red fuming nitric acid (RFNA) as oxidiser. These fuel blends have been evaluated by theoretical calculations of performance parameters and subsequently verified by static firing in a 10 kg/sub f/ thruster at a chamber pressure of around 20 atm, using RFNA (with 21 per cent N/sub 2/O/sub 4/ by weight) as oxidiser. The theoretical calculations show maximum specific impulse and C*values at the O/F, 3 to be 227.8 s and 1598.7 m/s respectively for the norbornadiene-carene blend. The corresponding values for the norbornadiene, carene and cardanol blend were found to be 226.8 s and 1586.0 m/s respectively at the O/F, 4. For theoretical calculations, the chamber pressure (P/sub c) and the exit pressure (P/sub e/0 were assumed to be 20 and 1 atm, respectively. The static firing of the propellants in a 10 kg thruster exhibited smooth pressure-time curves with the experimental C* values in close agreement with those calculated and the non-deposition of carbon in the nozzle. This indicated low combustion instability and high combustion efficiency under rocket conditions (> 0.9). The fuel blends with their low cost and toxicity and relatively high density can replace G-fuel used in several Indian missiles without impairing the performance