Determination of 4,4\u27-Dinitrocarbanilide (DNC), a Component of Nicarbazin, in Canada Goose (\u3ci\u3eBranta canadensis\u3c/i\u3e) Eggshells Using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography

A method was developed using high-performance liquid chromatography to assay 4,4\u27-dinitrocarbanilide (DNC), the active ingredient in Nicarbazin, in eggshells collected from Canada geese fed a formulated feed fortified with Nicarbazin at doses of 0, 125, 250, and 500 μg/g. The method was developed using chicken eggshells fortified with DNC. The method was used to quantify DNC in both the shell-associated membranes and the calcified shell extracellular matrix. These values were compared to those obtained for a composite sample consisting of both the membranes and the calcified shell extracellular matrix. The validated method was used to quantify DNC in eggshells from geese fed fortified feed to ascertain the effect of Nicarbazin feed concentration on shell DNC concentration. DNC levels in the eggshells were highly correlated with feed dose. A method was developed using high-performance liquid chromatography to assay 4,4\u27-dinitrocarbanilide (DNC), the active ingredient in Nicarbazin, in eggshells collected from Canada geese fed a formulated feed fortified with Nicarbazin at doses of 0, 125, 250, and 500 μg/g. The method was developed using chicken eggshells fortified with DNC. The method was used to quantify DNC in both the shell-associated membranes and the calcified shell extracellular matrix. These values were compared to those obtained for a composite sample consisting of both the membranes and the calcified shell extracellular matrix. The validated method was used to quantify DNC in eggshells from geese fed fortified feed to ascertain the effect of Nicarbazin feed concentration on shell DNC concentration. DNC levels in the eggshells were highly correlated with feed dose

Determination of 4,4\u27-Dinitrocarbanilide (DNC), a Component of Nicarbazin, in Canada Goose (\u3ci\u3eBranta canadensis\u3c/i\u3e) Eggshells Using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography

A method was developed using high-performance liquid chromatography to assay 4,4\u27-dinitrocarbanilide (DNC), the active ingredient in Nicarbazin, in eggshells collected from Canada geese fed a formulated feed fortified with Nicarbazin at doses of 0, 125, 250, and 500 μg/g. The method was developed using chicken eggshells fortified with DNC. The method was used to quantify DNC in both the shell-associated membranes and the calcified shell extracellular matrix. These values were compared to those obtained for a composite sample consisting of both the membranes and the calcified shell extracellular matrix. The validated method was used to quantify DNC in eggshells from geese fed fortified feed to ascertain the effect of Nicarbazin feed concentration on shell DNC concentration. DNC levels in the eggshells were highly correlated with feed dose. A method was developed using high-performance liquid chromatography to assay 4,4\u27-dinitrocarbanilide (DNC), the active ingredient in Nicarbazin, in eggshells collected from Canada geese fed a formulated feed fortified with Nicarbazin at doses of 0, 125, 250, and 500 μg/g. The method was developed using chicken eggshells fortified with DNC. The method was used to quantify DNC in both the shell-associated membranes and the calcified shell extracellular matrix. These values were compared to those obtained for a composite sample consisting of both the membranes and the calcified shell extracellular matrix. The validated method was used to quantify DNC in eggshells from geese fed fortified feed to ascertain the effect of Nicarbazin feed concentration on shell DNC concentration. DNC levels in the eggshells were highly correlated with feed dose

Determination of 4,4\u27-Dintrocarbanilide (DNC), a Component of Nicarbazin, in Canada Goose (\u3ci\u3eBranta canadensis\u3c/i\u3e) Eggshells Using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography

A method was developed using high-performance liquid chromatography to assay 4,4\u27-dinitrocarbanilide (DNC), the active ingredient in Nicarbazin, in eggshells collected from Canada geese fed a formulated feed fortified with Nicarbazin at doses of 0, 125, 250, and 500 μg/g. The method was developed using chicken eggshells fortified with DNC. The method was used to quantify DNC in both the shell-associated membranes and the calcified shell extracellular matrix. These values were compared to those obtained for a composite sample consisting of both the membranes and the calcified shell extracellular matrix. The validated method was used to quantify DNC in eggshells from geese fed fortified feed to ascertain the effect of Nicarbazin feed concentration on shell DNC concentration. DNC levels in the eggshells were highly correlated with feed dose

Polymeric variable optical attenuators based on magnetic sensitive stimuli materials

Magnetically-actuable, polymer-based variable optical attenuators (VOA) are presented in this paper. The design comprises a cantilever which also plays the role of a waveguide and the input/output alignment elements for simple alignment, yet still rendering an efficient coupling. Magnetic properties have been conferred to these micro-opto-electromechanical systems (MOEMS) by implementing two different strategies: in the first case, a magnetic sensitive stimuli material (M-SSM) is obtained by a combination of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and ferrofluid (FF) in ratios between 14.9 wt % and 29.9 wt %. An M-SSM strip under the waveguide-cantilever, defined with soft lithography (SLT), provides the required actuation capability. In the second case, specific volumes of FF are dispensed at the end of the cantilever tip (outside the waveguide) by means of inkjet printing (IJP), obtaining the required magnetic response while holding the optical transparency of the waveguide-cantilever. In the absence of a magnetic field, the waveguide-cantilever is aligned with the output fiber optics and thus the intrinsic optical losses can be obtained. Numerical simulations, validated experimentally, have shown that, for any cantilever length, the VOAs defined by IJP present lower intrinsic optical losses than their SLT counterparts. Under an applied magnetic field (B-app), both VOA configurations experience a misalignment between the waveguide-cantilever and the output fiber optics. Thus, the proposed VOAs modulate the output power as a function of the cantilever displacement, which is proportional to B-app. The experimental results for the three different waveguide-cantilever lengths and six different FF concentrations (three per technology) show maximum deflections of 220 mu m at 29.9 wt % of FF for VOA(SLT) and 250 mu m at 22.3 wt % FF for VOA(IJP), at 0.57 kG for both. These deflections provide maximum actuation losses of 16.1 dB and 18.9 dB for the VOA(SLT) and VOA(IJP), respectively

PDMS-based, magnetically actuated variable optical attenuators obtained by soft lithography and inkjet printing technologies

This paper reports and compares the implementation of magnetic variable optical attenuators (M-VOA) by two fabrication strategies. In the first case, a two-layer structure containing a non-doped polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) layer on a magnetic PDMS (M-PDMS) layer is fabricated by soft lithography (SLT). M-PDMS is obtained by doping PDMS with different ferrofluid (FF) volumes. The second technology consists of selectively dispense FF microdroplets using the inkjet printing technique (UP) on a non-doped, non-cured PDMS structure, previously defined by SLT. In this second case, FF volumes are encapsulated inside the polymer matrix. The optical and mechanical properties of structures fabricated using both strategies and containing similar ferrofluid amounts are compared. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved