PxEBCA: Proximity Expansion Based Clustering Algorithm

Cluster analysis is one of the main techniques for analysing data. It is a technique for detecting groups of objects which are similar without specifying any criteria for the grouping. The matter of detecting clusters is challenging when the clusters are of varied size, density and shape. DBSCAN can find arbitrary shaped clusters along with outliers but it cannot handle different density. This paper presents a new method for detecting density based clusters which works on datasets having varied density. In this paper we propose PxEBCA that discovers clusters with arbitrary shape and also with varying density.Experimental evaluation of the effectiveness and efficiency of PEBCA was done using synthetic data. The results of experiments demonstrated that PxEBCA is significantly more effective in discovering clusters of arbitrary shapes with varying densities

Improvement in the Spread Spectrum System in DSSS, FHSS, AND CDMA

© ASEE 2009In this paper, we introduce spread spectrum links that can be used to overcome intentional jamming. The problem of communicating in the presence of jamming is very much akin to the problem of communicating over fading channels. Hence, by finding out how to defeat jamming by spread spectrum will also reveal how to overcome fading. Today, spread spectrum links are also used in many civilian systems to overcome non-intentional jamming (or interference), and the report is concluded with an overview of current commercial spread spectrum systems. In addition to the traditional coherent spread-spectrum systems, the definition of an ideal modified version is introduced and this model is analyzed from an information theoretic viewpoint. The project uses a simple point-to-point communication system with fully synchronized transmitter and receiver in a simple channel with white Gaussian noise and arbitrary jamming signal. We prove that in traditional systems the channel converges to a Gaussian noisy channel in the limit in the case of almost any jamming signal, and in our new ideal modified system the channel converges to a white Gaussian noisy channel in the limit in the case of any jamming signal when the processing gain goes to infinity

Proteomic insights into the biology of Clinostomum piscidium from a fish, Colisa fasciatus in India using computational tools

Clinostomum is a fish-borne pathogen,digenetic trematode with worldwide distribution. Despite its zoonootic significance, the molecules involved in the host-parasite interaction remains unknown. The present study deals with the proteome profile of the rDNA of Clinostomum piscidium using in silico workflow.The physicochemical properties, mass spectrometry ,atomic composition,estimated half-life in different hosts ,Grand average of hydropathy (GRAVY),extinction coefficient and instability index of the rDNA was studied.We identified hypothetical proteins(polar in nature) that showed similarities with proteins of Trichellina pseudospiralis and Melampsora laricipopulina.The functionality of these proteins revealed their role in intracellular signalling as a substrate for O - linked N - acetylglucosaminetransferases and death transcription factor(DIDO-1). This is the first report of our findings that aims to provide a better understanding of the mechanism by which this digenetic trematode adapts to extreme environments. It is expected that this study will lead to new insights into drug designing strategies and disease control

Network Security Issues and Solutions

Abstract -Network security is now days becoming more and more important because people like to connect with each other all the time via internet. Personal computer users, employees of professional organizations, government servants, academicians, social workers, students, military peoples etc are very familiar to use network currently and all these people use the available network for most of their work. All these people keep their most important data on internet and also do the money related online transactions. The internet structure is itself such that there may be possibility of threats to occur. To secure our network we must have to know which type of security threats may occur and how? By knowing this we may able to find out security methods against these threats

Income support programmes for the older adults in South Asia:a scoping review protocol

INTRODUCTION: South Asian countries are ageing and experiencing a rapid increase in proportion of the older population. Income support programmes are of central importance for the older adults as they may help to mitigate the poverty risks associated with ageing and losing the ability to generate income from labour. Evidence related to the income support programmes can help in understanding whether the programmes have been impactful. This scoping review will map the evidence (and gaps) related to income support programmes and create a base to identify the feasibility of future primary research and/or the scope of systematic reviews in the areas where evidence is available. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: The Joanna Briggs Institute scoping review methodology will be followed. Eligibility criteria for the scoping review will be based on the ‘PCC’ or the ‘Population–Concept–Context’ concept. Advanced search for the relevant articles will be conducted in MEDLINE (via PubMed), Embase, Scopus, Campbell Collaboration, 3ie International Initiative for Impact Evaluation and Web of Science. Additional resources search will be conducted in important organisational websites. Findings of the scoping review will be summarised using descriptive information (frequencies and percentages) for the available evidence on concept (ie, income support programmes), population characteristics and other study variables. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: The review is based on data from available literature, hence an ethical approval is not necessary. With this review, we attempt to provide recommendations to the research community and the policymakers about the currently available evidence and the research required for income support of older adults in South Asia, so that resources can be directed towards addressing the same. We plan to disseminate the findings through presentation in international conference and publication in a peer-reviewed journal. REVIEW REGISTRATION: Not registered

Smart Car System using Raspberry pi

Today's modern cars are becoming more and more connected to online world through the cloud. The main motivation is that the connected cars are able to access, collect and process a wide range of data through the cloud. There is an urgent need for improvement in the delivery of services. Smart car system allows lower traffic congestion by rerouting the vehicles to alternative roads and traffic is reduced significantly. Medical emergency needs can be met by uploading the information to cloud. Similarly vehicle breakdown problems can also be solved. In this paper a smart car system is implemented by using Raspberry pi. Two raspberry pi modules have been used . Either one of two modules can be used as , for transmission or reception of information. Python is the programming language used to implement the system. Four buttons are used to send four different in formation . Dropbox account has been created and is used as a cloud to upload the information. The required message is sent by pressing the right button . The information gets transferred from one raspberry module to another module and also gets uploaded to dropbox account in the form of excel sheet which is accessed through smart phone

Mechanism of action of coumarin and silver(I)- coumarin complexes against the pathogenic yeast Candida albicans

The anti-fungal activity and mode of action of a range of silver(I)- coumarin complexes was examined. The most potent silver(I)- coumarin complexes, namely 7-hydroxycoumarin-3-carboxylatosilver(I), 6-hydroxycoumarin-3-carboxylatosilver(I) and 4-oxy-3-nitrocoumarinbis(1,10-phenanthroline)silver(I), had MIC80 values of between 69.1 and 4.6 M against the pathogenic yeast Candida albicans. These compounds also reduced respiration, lowered the ergosterol content of cells and increased the trans-membrane leakage of amino acids. A number of the complexes disrupted cytochrome synthesis in the cell and induced the appearance of morphological features consistent with cell death by apoptosis. These compounds appear to act by disrupting the synthesis of cytochromes which directly aVects the cell's ability to respire. A reduction in respiration leads to a depletion in ergosterol biosynthesis and a consequent disruption of the integrity of the cell membrane. Disruption of cytochrome biosynthesis may induce the onset of apoptosis which has been shown previously to be triggered by alteration in the location of cytochrome c. Silver(I)- coumarin complexes demonstrate good anti-fungal activity and manifest a mode of action distinct to that of the conventional azole and polyene drugs thus raising the possibility of their use when resistance to conventional drug has emerged or in combination with such drugs

A study of histopathological spectrum of central nervous system lesions at a tertiary health care center of South Gujarat, India

Background: Central nervous system lesions can have varied aetiology like infectious, inflammatory and neoplastic. Establishing an accurate aetiology is essential for timely diagnosis and neurosurgical intervention. The annual incidence of tumours of CNS ranges from 10 to 17 per 100,000 people for intracranial tumours and 1 to 2 per 100,000 people for intraspinal tumours; the majority of these are primary tumours, and only one fourth to one half are metastastic. The present study attempts to provide preliminary data on morphological patterns of intracranial lesions and to study clinicopathological spectrum.Methods: The present study was carried out at a tertiary care center from January 2015 to September 2017. A total of 65 cases of CNS lesions were analyzed. In case of CNS tumours reporting were done according to WHO criteria for classification and grading.Results: Out of 65 cases studied, 51 cases (78.46%) were of neoplastic lesions and 14 cases (21.54%) of non-neoplastic lesions. Among 14 cases of non-neoplastic lesions 2 cases were of reactive/cystic lesions, 4 cases  were of infective lesions, and 8 cases were of congenital lesions. In the present study, out of 51 neoplastic cases most common cases were of astrocytoma.Conclusions: The exact histopathological diagnosis of Central Nervous system lesions is essential to predict the prognosis and treatment. Management strategies and prognosis of tumours depends on the correlation of factors like the types, grades of tumours, its location, size and stage of development

Role of cell cycle events and apoptosis in mediating the anti-cancer activity of a silver(I) complex of 4-hydroxy-3-nitro-coumarin-bis(phenanthroline) in human malignant cancer cells.

The central objective of the current study was to investigate the potential in vitro anti-proliferative effect of 4-hydroxy-3-nitro-coumarin (hncH), and the mixed-ligand silver (I) complex of 4-oxy-3-nitro-coumarin-bis (phenanthroline), [Ag(hnc)(phen)2] using four human-derived model cell lines. In addition, selected mechanistic studies were carried out using the most sensitive of the four cell lines. Results obtained show that the complex could decrease the proliferation of all four cell lines including neoplastic renal and hepatic, namely A-498 and HepG2 cells, respectively, along with two non-neoplastic renal and hepatic cell lines, HK-2 and Chang, respectively. Furthermore, non-neoplastic hepatic cells (Chang) appeared to be less sensitive to the effect of the complex, but this effect was not replicated in the non-neoplastic renal (HK-2) cells. Based on IC50 values [Ag(hnc)(phen)2] was shown to be almost four times more potent than cisplatin, using HepG2 cells. In addition, the observed anti-proliferative effect was shown to be both dose- and time-dependent. Furthermore, the complex was shown to decrease DNA synthesis, but did not intercalate with it. Moreover, there was no evidence that P-glycoprotein-mediated multi-drug resistance was likely to decrease antiproliferative activity. Cytological stains, analysis of genomic DNA, and biochemical assays [caspase-3 and -9 and cleaved poly(ADP-ribose)-polymerase protein] showed that cell death appeared to result from apoptosis, with the possibility of secondary necrosis. Additionally, flow cytometric analysis showed that the complex functioned through an alteration in cell cycle progression. Taken together, [Ag(hnc)(phen)2] has been shown to be a more potent anti-proliferative agent than cisplatin, capable of altering key biochemical events leading to cell death. Additional mechanistic studies are underway to probe more fully its mechanism of action