Quaternary Geological Phenomena in Labuhan Area, Pandeglang Regency, Banten Province

DOI: 10.17014/ijog.v7i4.148Geological features in Labuhan area were studied from the middle of October to the middle of November 2011 covering seventy days. Surface and subsurface data were obtained from interpretation of landsat images and shallow hand-auger boreholes. The geological features are distinctly associated with active tectonics. The stratigraphy clearly indicates at least three phases of tectonic activities since the Late Miocene until Holocene. Tectonics of phase one occurred in the Late Miocene; phase two took place in the period from Pliocene to Late Pleistocene, while tectonics phase three is ongoing in the Holocene. Volcanic activity has intensified since the Early Pleistocene. The landsat images show an irregular outline of the northern coast line. This penomenon is interpreted to be the result of tectonic uplift. On the other hand, the southern coast is linear in plan which is interpreted to correlate with tectonic subsidence. Furthermore, stratigraphic correlation shows that depositional environment changed vertically due to a local subsidence. The northern researched area is occupied by Pleistocene volcanic eruption centres, whilst the younger ones tend to shift southward. This fact tends to indicate that the subduction zone moved southward slowly

Efisiensi Penggunaan Dinding Geser Untuk Mereduksi Efek Torsi Pada Bangunan Yang Tidak Beraturan

Perencanaan bangunan bertingkat membutuhkan elemen pengaku seperti dinding geser yang dapat digunakan untuk meredam goyangan pada bangunan akibat beban lateral. Dinding Geser berfungsi juga sebagai struktur bangunan yang ikut memikul gaya-gaya beban yang bekerja pada balok dan kolom sekitarnya. Peletakan dinding geser yang tepat pada suatu denah bangunan bertingkat, dapat membantu mereduksi nilai simpangan pada bangunan tersebut. Untuk meninjau pengaruh letak dinding geser pada suatu bangunan telah dicoba 8 variasi model struktur dengan posisi dinding geser yang berbeda beda. Model sturktur yang ditinjau adalah struktur dengan ketidekberaturan horisontal. Dari 8 variasi model yang telah dicoba, model dengan letak atau posisi dinding geser pada pusat massa bangunan merupakan model struktur yang paling baik. Dinding geser yang terletak pada pusat massa bangunan menjadi variasi model paling baik karena jenis dinding geser ini dekat dengan wilayah inti bangunan yang menjadi poros putaran bangunan

Antihepatotoxic effect of Elephantopus scaber L. on carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity in rats

Elephantopus scaber was used in folk medicine in several countries to treat different diseases. Liver diseases are major World wise health Problems. The Present aim of the study was evaluate The Antihepatotoxic effects of different fractions of Elephantopus scaber against Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced hepatic damage in Rats. All the fractions were given orally in different doses (125mg/kg, 250mg/kg, 500mg/kg). The Antihepatotoxic effect was assessed by measuring serum parameters like  aspertate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), Alkaline Phospatase (ALP) and total bilurubin.  All the fractions of Elephantopus scaber showed Antihepatotoxic effect.The ethanol fraction was shows significant percentage protection than compared to other fractions. Therefore, our study supports the isolation and use of active constituents from Ethanol fraction of Elephantopus scaber in treating of liver disease

Testing probability distributions underlying aggregated data

In this paper, we analyze and study a hybrid model for testing and learning probability distributions. Here, in addition to samples, the testing algorithm is provided with one of two different types of oracles to the unknown distribution $D$ over $[n]$. More precisely, we define both the dual and cumulative dual access models, in which the algorithm $A$ can both sample from $D$ and respectively, for any $i\in[n]$, - query the probability mass $D(i)$ (query access); or - get the total mass of $\{1,\dots,i\}$, i.e. $\sum_{j=1}^i D(j)$ (cumulative access) These two models, by generalizing the previously studied sampling and query oracle models, allow us to bypass the strong lower bounds established for a number of problems in these settings, while capturing several interesting aspects of these problems -- and providing new insight on the limitations of the models. Finally, we show that while the testing algorithms can be in most cases strictly more efficient, some tasks remain hard even with this additional power

Keanekaragaman Ikan Di Perairan Teluk Kendari Sulawesi Tenggara [Fish Diversity in Kendari Bay, Southeast Sulawesi]

Research on fish diversity was carried out from August to October 2009 with three times of sampling in three stations in Kendari Bay, Southeast Sulawesi. Fish collection using experimental gillnets (with different mesh sizes %, 1, 1%, 1%, 2, 3, and 4 inch) and seser (0 1 meter and mesh size 0.04 inch). During research, 45 species of 30 families were collected. Based on individual quantities, at the first sampling, Sardinella fimbriata was dominant species on Station I and II, S. longiceps on Station III; in the second sampling, S. fimbriata was dominant species on Station I, S. longiceps on Station II, Plotosus canius on S3; in the third sampling, Ambassis sp. was dominant species on Station I, S.longiceps on Station II, Upeneus suphureus and Stolephorus commersonii on S3. Diversity index (H\u27) was range between 0.512.25, dominance index (C) was range between 0.16-0.83 and evenness index (E) was range between 0.19-0.75

MAKANAN IKAN JAPUH, Dussumieria Acuta Valenciennes, 1847 (FAMILI: CLUPEIDAE) DI PERAIRAN TELUK KENDARI [Food Habit of Rainbow Sardine, Dussumieria Acuta Valenciennes, 1847 (Family: Clupeidae) in Kendari Bay]

Research on ontogenetic dietary variation rainbow sardine relating to body size of fish with time was carried out from August 2009 to January 2010 in Kendari Bay, Southeast Sulawesi. This research aims to describe ecological role of rainbow sardine in Kendari Bay. Fish collection was done using experimental gillnets (with different mesh sizes %, 1, 1%, and 1% inch) and scopednet (0 1 meter and mesh size 0.04 inch). A total of 136 individual fish were caught with range from 0.6 to 15.7 cm in length. Food analysis was determined by using Index of Preponderance. Result of the analysis indicates rainbow sardine is planktivora, which important diet is Bacillariophyceae. The male and females of fish did not have ontogenetic dietary (main food) shift and was not ontogenetic dietary shift relating to body size of fish. The diet of the fish every months was dominated by Bacillariophyceae

Komposisi Jenis dan Ukuran Ikan Petek (Famili Leiognathidae) di Perairan Teluk Kendari, Sulawesi Tenggara [Species Composition And Size Of Pony Fishes, Family Leiognathidae In Kendari Bay, Southeast Sulawesi]

Penelitian tentang komposisi jenis dan ukuran ikan petek dilakukan sejak Agustus 2009 sampai Juni 2010 pada tiga zona di perairan Teluk Kendari. Koleksi ikan dilakukan dengan jaring insang percobaan (dengan ukuran mata jaring ber-beda %, 1, 1 %, 1 %, dan 2 inci) dan alat seser (0 1 meter dan ukuran mata jaring 0,04 inci). Pada penelitian ini berhasil diinventarisasi 10 jenis Famili Leiognathidae dari enam genera yaitu Gazza (1 jenis), Leiognathus (4 jenis), Nuchequula (1 jenis), Photopectoralis (1 jenis), Eubleekeria (1 jenis), dan Secutor (2 jenis). Berdasarkan jumlah individu ternyata Nuchequula blochii (39,72%) dan E. splendens (33,95%) merupakan jenis dominan pada Zona I, Secutor indicius pada Zona II (38,75%), dan N. blochii (20,50%) dan E. splendens (25,10%) pada Zona III. Frekuensi kehadiran famili Leiognathidae selama penelitian bervariasi, E. splendens merupakan penghuni tetap perairan Teluk Kendari (100%) sedang-kan Photopectoralis bindus dan L. dussumieri merupakan jenis yang jarang ditemukan (18,18%). Sebaran ukuran dan frekuensi kehadiran mengindikasikan bahwa ikan petek menggunakan perairan Teluk Kendari sebagai daerah asuhan dan pembesaran

Sublinear time algorithms for earth mover's distance

We study the problem of estimating the Earth Mover’s Distance (EMD) between probability distributions when given access only to samples of the distributions. We give closeness testers and additive-error estimators over domains in [0, 1][superscript d], with sample complexities independent of domain size – permitting the testability even of continuous distributions over infinite domains. Instead, our algorithms depend on other parameters, such as the diameter of the domain space, which may be significantly smaller. We also prove lower bounds showing the dependencies on these parameters to be essentially optimal. Additionally, we consider whether natural classes of distributions exist for which there are algorithms with better dependence on the dimension, and show that for highly clusterable data, this is indeed the case. Lastly, we consider a variant of the EMD, defined over tree metrics instead of the usual l 1 metric, and give tight upper and lower bounds

Adiabatic quantum algorithm for search engine ranking

We propose an adiabatic quantum algorithm for generating a quantum pure state encoding of the PageRank vector, the most widely used tool in ranking the relative importance of internet pages. We present extensive numerical simulations which provide evidence that this algorithm can prepare the quantum PageRank state in a time which, on average, scales polylogarithmically in the number of webpages. We argue that the main topological feature of the underlying web graph allowing for such a scaling is the out-degree distribution. The top ranked $\log(n)$ entries of the quantum PageRank state can then be estimated with a polynomial quantum speedup. Moreover, the quantum PageRank state can be used in "q-sampling" protocols for testing properties of distributions, which require exponentially fewer measurements than all classical schemes designed for the same task. This can be used to decide whether to run a classical update of the PageRank.Comment: 7 pages, 5 figures; closer to published versio