High performance FPGA implementation of the mersenne twister

Efficient generation of random and pseudorandom sequences is of great importance to a number of applications [4]. In this paper, an efficient implementation of the Mersenne Twister is presented. The proposed architecture has the smallest footprint of all published architectures to date and occupies only 330 FPGA slices. Partial pipelining and sub-expression simplification has been used to improve throughput per clock cycle. The proposed architecture is implemented on an RC1000 FPGA Development platform equipped with a Xilinx XCV2000E FPGA, and can generate 20 million 32 bit random numbers per second at a clock rate of 24.234 MHz. A through performance analysis has been performed, and it is observed that the proposed architecture clearly outperforms other existing implementations in key comparable performance metrics

3D medical volume segmentation using hybrid multiresolution statistical approaches

This article is available through the Brunel Open Access Publishing Fund. Copyright © 2010 S AlZu’bi and A Amira.3D volume segmentation is the process of partitioning voxels into 3D regions (subvolumes) that represent meaningful physical entities which are more meaningful and easier to analyze and usable in future applications. Multiresolution Analysis (MRA) enables the preservation of an image according to certain levels of resolution or blurring. Because of multiresolution quality, wavelets have been deployed in image compression, denoising, and classification. This paper focuses on the implementation of efficient medical volume segmentation techniques. Multiresolution analysis including 3D wavelet and ridgelet has been used for feature extraction which can be modeled using Hidden Markov Models (HMMs) to segment the volume slices. A comparison study has been carried out to evaluate 2D and 3D techniques which reveals that 3D methodologies can accurately detect the Region Of Interest (ROI). Automatic segmentation has been achieved using HMMs where the ROI is detected accurately but suffers a long computation time for its calculations

Novel sparse OBC based distributed arithmetic architecture for matrix transforms

Inner product (IP) forms the basis of a number of signal processing algorithms and applications such as transforms, filters, communication systems etc. Distributed arithmetic (DA) provides an effective methodology to implement IP of vectors and matrices using a simple combination of memory elements, adders and shifters instead of lumped multipliers. This bit level rearrangement results in much higher computational efficiencies and yields compact designs highly suited for high performance resource constrained applications. Offset binary coding (OBC) is an effective technique to further optimize the DA, and allows us to reduce the memory requirements by a factor of two, with minimum additional computational complexity. This makes OBC-DA attractive for applications that are both resource and memory constrained. In addition, sparse matrix factorization techniques can be exploited to further reduce the size of the DA-ROMs. In this paper, the design and implementation of a novel OBC based DA is demonstrated using a generic architecture for implementing discrete orthogonal transforms (DOTs). Implementation is performed on the Xilinx Virtex-II Pro field programmable gate array (FPGA), and a detailed comparison between conventional and OBC based DA is presented to highlight the trade offs in various design metrics including performance, area and power

A committee machine gas identification system based on dynamically reconfigurable FPGA

This paper proposes a gas identification system based on the committee machine (CM) classifier, which combines various gas identification algorithms, to obtain a unified decision with improved accuracy. The CM combines five different classifiers: K nearest neighbors (KNNs), multilayer perceptron (MLP), radial basis function (RBF), Gaussian mixture model (GMM), and probabilistic principal component analysis (PPCA). Experiments on real sensors' data proved the effectiveness of our system with an improved accuracy over individual classifiers. Due to the computationally intensive nature of CM, its implementation requires significant hardware resources. In order to overcome this problem, we propose a novel time multiplexing hardware implementation using a dynamically reconfigurable field programmable gate array (FPGA) platform. The processing is divided into three stages: sampling and preprocessing, pattern recognition, and decision stage. Dynamically reconfigurable FPGA technique is used to implement the system in a sequential manner, thus using limited hardware resources of the FPGA chip. The system is successfully tested for combustible gas identification application using our in-house tin-oxide gas sensors

Interior Design of Tourism Housing Units towards a Sustainable Environment " Al-Uqair Beach Development"

Sustainable tourism is an approach and method upon which many international tourism institutions are based, it is one of the most important concepts and types of the tourism industry that emerged in the 1970s and since environmental protection is a major issue in recent years due to the importance of environmental awareness. Local development without affecting the environment, society and the economy, the application of the concept of sustainable tourism relates to three aspects, which are the material return for the owners of tourism projects, the social dimension and the environmental dimension, as tourism institutions are part of the environment that must preserve their natural resources and the dimension that any negative impact harms the environment.   The study problem was identified on how to achieve the tourism environmental sustainability of the residential units of Al-Uqair Beach in Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia.   The study aims to shed light on the importance of sustainable tourism and how to achieve it in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, which is one of the main objectives of the Kingdom's Vision 2030, in order to reduce the damage caused by Traditional methods in architecture and interior architecture, taking into account the environmental terms in construction and planning according to tourism plans that apply the principles of sustainable development.   The researcher used the descriptive, analytical and experimental approach by study the proposed sustainable interior designs for the tourist housing units in Al-Uqair Beach in Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia.   The study defines the role and importance of the sustainable interior design of the design-proposed tourist housing units at Al-Uqair Beach in enhancing the quality of the internal environment towards a tourism environmental sustainability and how to choose materials, starting from the selection of building materials for residential units and ending with sustainable interior designs, that achieve the requirements of tourism development and environmental protection. And reach the least possible negative impact on the environment. This leads to energy efficiency, avoiding environmental toxins, and using materials and resources in a responsible manner with a positive physical and psychological impact on the occupants of these tourist housing units

Smart Sustainable approach to improve King Faisal Students’ University housing interior design and Identity

Environmental Sustainability has become of global importance and trend in interior design and architecture, contributing to providing a safe urban environment at the individual and community level to ensure its continuity for future generations while limiting the depletion of natural resources and minimizing the negative impacts on the environment. Whereas, the vision of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia 2030 AD, put the environment and sustainable development among its main goals, so that sustainability becomes a way of life that is supported and applied in society with environmental standards that raise the efficiency of energy and water consumption and improve the quality of life. The new identity of King Faisal University looks forward to contributing to achieving environmental sustainability in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, which explains the role of higher education institutions in achieving sustainable development and providing a stimulating university environment that keeps pace with technology. The study problem was identified in the main challenges related to the environmental sustainability of King Faisal University represented in the student housing units to reduce the negative impacts on the environment on campus in general and student housing in particular. The study aims to achieve sustainable design as one of the modern trends in architectural thought and interior design of student housing units at King Faisal University and its positive impact on students and their psychological health, Understanding an integral part of society and everything that affects society affects students and the educational process for each student, by finding smart interior design solutions in a new and innovative way that achieves the concept of sustainability and depends on the efficient use of environmental resources, making the university a sustainable and environmentally friendly society. The researcher used the descriptive, analytical and experimental approach by studying the smart interior designs proposed for student housing units and their requirements.The study highlighted the role of sustainable interior design thinking and sustainable environmental materials in achieving the quality of student housing units at King Faisal University as a decisive and necessary step in building a more sustainable future on campus capable of addressing some issues related to the environment

Uncertainty Avoidances among International Students towards Malay Food Acceptance

Uncertainty avoidance towards certain culture and food has dominantly influence the acceptance of food choices among the international students. International students can be describes as a person or group of people who arrives in other country with a priority to pursue their higher tertiary education in a better place. Experiencing new culture, food and people has absolutely influences the level of uncertainty which then resulting the rejection of certain food in the new place. Findings has shown that the uncertainty avoidances of the students has negatively significant (β=-.165,

The Impact of a STEM Education Program on Female and Racial Minorities\u27 Knowledge and Attitude

The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of a STEM education program, specifically STARBASE, on the STEM knowledge and attitudes of fifth grade students, as well as its effect on their pursuit of STEM careers, with a focus on female and racial minority students. Based on a sample of 197 fifth graders from a school district in Southern California, the intervention took place at STARBASE, while the control group remained at their respective schools. A quasi-experimental design was used in the study, with four experimental and four control groups. A STEM knowledge assessment and S-STEM attitude survey were used to collect data, with a pretest-posttest design. To analyze the data, the researcher used two tools: Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) and paired t-test. The results of the study revealed a significant improvement in the STEM knowledge and attitudes of the experimental group as compared to the control group, with female and minority students demonstrating particularly strong gains. The study emphasizes the significance of early STEM education and its potential influence on students\u27 future career decisions, especially for underrepresented groups in STEM fields. It is recommended that additional research investigate the long-term effects of short-term STEM programs on students\u27 academic and career paths

Biochemical Characterization and Disease Control Efficacy of Pleurotus eryngii-Derived Chitosan—An In Vivo Study against Monilinia laxa, the Causal Agent of Plum Brown Rot

Chitin (Ct) is a crucial biopolymer present in fungi, algae, arthropods, and is usually obtained from crustacean shells. Chitosan (Cs) is a derivative from Ct deacetylation, and possesses numerous uses in various agro-industrial fields. Research on fungal-derived Ct and Cs is mostly focused on pharmaceutical uses, however their uses for plant disease control remain less explored. The main objective of the current study is to evaluate the possibility of using chitosan obtained from mushroom Pleurotus eryngii (Cs-Pe) for controlling some phytopathogens compared to commercial chitosan (C.Cs). This study is focused on the following key areas: (i) extracting Ct from P. eryngii mycelium and converting it to Cs through deacetylation, using both bleaching and non-bleaching methods; (ii) conducting a physico-chemical characterization and in vitro evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of the obtained Cs; (iii) performing an in vivo assessment of the phytotoxic and cytotoxic effects of Cs; and (iv) investigating in vivo the impact of the studied chitosan on fruit quality and its biocontrol efficacy against Monilinia laxa infections in plum fruits. Results showed that Cs-Pe, especially the unbleached one, displayed promising in vitro antimicrobial activity against the majority of tested pathogens. Regarding the cytotoxicity, the highest significant increase in cell abnormality percentage was observed in the case of C.Cs compared to Cs-Pe. In the in vivo study, Cs-Pe acted as a protective barrier, lowering and/or preventing moisture loss and firmness of treated plums. The studied Cs-Pe demonstrated notable efficacy against M. laxa which decreased the fruits’ percentage decline. These results strongly suggest that Cs derived from P. eryngii is a potential candidate for increasing plums’ shelf-life. This research shed light on the promising applications of P. eryngii-derived Cs in the agri-food field