Di- and polynuclear silver(I) saccharinate complexes of tertiary diphosphane ligands: Synthesis, structures, in vitro DNA binding, and antibacterial and anticancer properties

A series of new silver(I) saccharinate (sac) complexes, [Ag-2(sac)(2)(mu-dppm)H2O]center dot H2O (1), {[Ag-2(mu-sac)(2)(mu-dppe)]center dot 3H(2)O center dot CH2Cl2} (n) (2), [Ag-2(mu-sac)(2)(mu-dppp)] (n) (3), and [Ag(sac)(mu-dppb)] (n) (4) [dppm is 1,1-bis(diphenylphosphino)methane, dppe is 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane, dppp is 1,3-bis(diphenylphosphino)propane, and dppb is 1,4-bis(diphenylphosphino)butane], have been synthesized and characterized by C, H, N elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy, H-1 NMR, C-13 NMR, and P-31 NMR spectroscopy, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, and thermogravimetry-differential thermal analysis. Single-crystal X-ray studies show that the diphosphanes act as bridging ligands to yield a dinuclear complex (1) and one-dimensional coordination polymers (2 and 4), whereas the sac ligand adopts a mu(2)-N/O bridging mode in 2, and is N-coordinated in 1 and 4. The interaction of the silver(I) complexes with fish sperm DNA was investigated using UV-vis spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, and agarose gel electrophoresis. The binding studies indicate that the silver(I) complexes can interact with fish sperm DNA through intercalation, and complexes 1 and 3 have the highest binding affinity. The gel electrophoresis assay further confirms the binding of the complexes with the pBR322 plasmid DNA. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of the complexes indicate that complex 1 exhibits very high antibacterial activity against standard bacterial strains of Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, and Staphylococcus aureus, being much higher than those of AgNO3, silver sulfadiazine, ciprofloxacin, and gentamicin. Moreover, complexes 1-3 exhibit very high cytotoxic activity against A549 and MCF-7 cancer cell lines, compared with AgNO3 and cisplatin. The bacterial and cell growth inhibitions of the silver(I) complexes are closely related to their DNA binding affinities

Meme kanseri kanser kök hücrelerinde PD-0332991 uygulanmasının hücre döngüsü düzenleyici genler üzerine etkisi

Amaç: Palbociclib (PD-0332991) siklin bağımlı kinaz 4/6 kompleksi için bir inhibitördür ve luminal ER+ meme kanserlerinde daha fazla aktivite sergilemektedir. Ancak, meme kanseri kök hücrelerinin (MKKH) PD-0332991 uygulamasına olan hassasiyeti ve hücre döngüsü düzenleyici genleri üzerine PD-0332991'in etkisi MKKH'leri için açıklığa kavuşmamıştır. Bu çalışma, MKKH'lerinin PD-0332991 uygulamasına olan yanıtın belirlenmesini amaçlamaktadır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Meme kanseri hücre hatları üzerinde deneysel bir in vitro çalışma tasarlanmıştır. Bu çalışmada, MCF-7 ve MKKH hücre hatları kullanıldı. Suda çözünür tetrazolyum tuzu-1 (WST-1) testi sitotoksisite deneyi için kullanıldı. Hücre döngüsü dağılımı ve apoptosis, 48. saat IC50 değerlerine göre flow sitometri ile incelendi. CDKN1A, CHEK1, CDKN2A, CDC25A ve CCND1 genlerinin ifade profillerinin belirlenmesinde RealTime PCR kullanıldıBulgular: Her iki hücre hattında, PD-0332991 hücre proliferasyonunu azalttı. Her iki hücre hattı için G0/G1 tutuklanması belirlendi. PD-0332991'in apoptotik etkisi MCF-7 ve MKKH hücrelerinde bulunmadı. MCF-7 hücrelerinde, CDKN1A, CDKN2A ve CCND1 ifade düzeyleri sırasıyla 3,11; 3,21 ve 1,05 kat arttı. CHEK1 ve CDC25A ifade düzeyleri sırasıyla 4,75 ve 3,73 kat azaldı. MKKH'lerinde CDKN1A, CHEK1, CDKN2A ve CCND1 ifade düzeleri sırasıyla 1,15; 2,01; 1,32 ve 1,68 kat azaldı. MKKH'lerinde, CDC25A geni ifadesi bulunmadı. Sonuç: Bu çalışmada, MKKH ve meme kanseri hücreleri arasında PD-0332991'in hücre döngüsü düzenleyici genler için farklı ifade profillerine neden olduğu gözlenmiştir.Aim: Palbociclib (PD-0332991) is an inhibitor for cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 complex and exhibits more activity in luminal ER+ breast cancer. However, sensitivity of breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) to PD-0332991 treatment and expression patterns of cell cycle regulatory genes after PD-0332991 treatment in BCSCs are still unclear. This study aims to determine response of BCSCs to PD-0332991 treatment. Materials and Methods: An experimental in vitro study was designed on breast cancer cell lines. MCF-7 and BCSCs cell lines were used in this study. Water soluble tetrazolium salt-1 (WST-1) test was used for the cytotoxicity assay. Cell cycle distribution pattern and apoptosis were examined with flow cytometry according to IC50 values at 48th h. Real-Time PCR was used to detect expression profiles of CDKN1A, CHEK1, CDKN2A, CDC25A, and CCND1 genes. Results: PD-0332991 decreased cell proliferation in both cell lines. G0/G1 arrest was detected for both cell lines. There was no apoptotic effect of PD-0332991 on MCF-7 cells and BCSCs. In MCF-7 cells, expression levels of CDKN1A, CDKN2A, and CCND1 genes were increased as 3.11, 3.21, and 1.05 folds, respectively. Expression levels of CHEK1 and CDC25A genes were decreased as 4.75 and 3.73 folds, respectively. In BCSCs, expression levels of CDKN1A, CHEK1, CDKN2A, and CCND1 were decreased as 1.15, 2.01, 1.32, and 1.68 folds, respectively. No expression of CDC25A gene was found in BCSCs group. Conclusion: In this study, it was observed that PD-0332991 leads to different expression profiles for cell cycle regulatory genes between BCSCs and breast cancer cells

The expression of URGCP gene in prostate cancer cell lines: correlation with rapamycin

Molecular targets in prostate cancer are continually being explored, for which there are currently few therapeutic options. Rapamycin (RPM) is an antifungal macrolide antibiotic isolated from Streptomyces hygroscopicus which can inhibit the G1 to S transition. URGCP (upregulator of cell proliferation) is a novel gene located on chromosome 7p13. We aimed to investigate the role of URGCP gene expression changes in PC3, DU145, and LNCAP cell lines with/out RPM. Average cell viability and cytotoxic effect of rapamycin were investigated at 24 h intervals for three days by using Trypan blue dye exclusion test and XTT assay. Cytotoxic effects of rapamycin in DU145, PC3 and LNCAP cells were detected in time and dose dependent manner with the IC(50) doses within the range of 1-100 nM. As the results were evaluated, IC(50) doses in the DU145, PC3, and LNCaP cells were detected as 10, 25, and 50 nM, respectively. The mean relative ratios of URGCP gene expression in DU145, LNCAP and PC3 cells were found as -1.48, 6.59 and -13.00, respectively, when compared to rapamycin-free cells. The False Discovery Rate adjusted p value in DU145, LNCAP and PC3 were 1.25 × 10(-5), 2.20 × 10(-8) and 6.20 × 10(-9), respectively. When the URGCP gene expression level is compared between the dose and control group, we found that URGCP gene expression was significantly decreased in dose groups of DU145 and PC3 cells

The Synergistic Effect of Fotemustine and Genistein on Expressions of p53, EGFR and COX-2 Genes in Human Glioblastoma Multiforme Cell Line

GBM is the most common primary malignant neoplasm of the central nervous system in adults. Fotemustine (FTM) is a cytotoxic alkylating agent and a lipophilic chloroethylnitrosourea derivative. Its mechanism of action consists mainly in inducing DNA strand breaks and cross-linking. Genistein, one of the soy-derived isoflavones, exerts its anticancer properties via several mechanisms, including inhibition of tyrosine phosphorylation, weak estrogenic and anti-estrogenic properties, as an antioxidant, inhibition of topoisomerase II, inhibition of angiogenesis, and induction of cell differentiation in a number of human tumors. We aimed to investigate the anti-proliferative synergistic effect of genistein with fotemustine on human glioblastoma multiforme U87-MG cells. This study was also designed to answer the following question: Do the p53, EGFR, COX-2 genes' expression patterns differ in treatment of these both drugs alone and in combination?GBM yetişkinlerde merkezi sinir sisteminin en yaygın primer malin neoplazmıdır. Fotemustin (FTM) sitotoksik bir ajan ve lifofilik kloroetilnitrozüri türevidir. DNA zincir kırıklarını ve çapraz bağlanmayı indüklemek ana mekanizmasını oluşturmaktadır. Soyadan elde edilen bir isoflavon olan Genistein, antikanser özelliğini tirozin fosforilasyonunun inhibisyonu, zayıf östrojenik ve anti-östrojenik özellikleri, antioksidan olarak, topoizomeraz II' nin inhibisyonu, anjiyogenezin inhibisyonu ve hücre faklılaşmasının başlaması gibi çeşitli mekanizmalar ile göstermektedir. Genisteinin fotemustin ile anti-proliferatif sinerjistik etkisinin insan glioblastoma multiforme U87-MG hücrelerinde incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu çalışma ayrıca p53, EGFR, COX-2 gen ekspresyon paternlerinin bu ilaçların ayrı ayrı veya kombine kullanılmasının ardından faklılık gösterip göstermediğine cevap verebilmek için tasarlanmıştır