Non-identical patterns of proviral insertions around host transcription units in lymphomas induced by different strains of murine leukemia virus

AbstractIn a small sample of 57 retrovirus integration sites (RISs) isolated from 23 end-stage lymphomas induced in NMRI mice by the B-lymphotropic Akv wt or an enhancer mutant hereof, Akv1–99, we identified 14 novel RISs and defined 9 novel CISs (common insertion sites). Moreover, when comparing with RISs from tumors induced by the T-lymphomagenic SL3-3, we observed that SL3-3 targets RefSeq promoter regions with a significantly higher frequency than Akv/Akv1–99 and in an orientation-dependent way. Altogether, our results strongly emphasize the importance of host genetic background and virus type for retroviral insertion mutagenesis screens and suggest that different types of MLV may favor specific genomic regions and orientations in order exert optimal effect on target gene expression during lymphoma induction and development

Staying for the benefits:Location‐specific insider advantages for geographically immobile students in higher education

In the youth mobility research, young people's geographical immobility is often associated with negative connotations. This paper challenges this discourse by analysing the location-specific insider advantages (LSIAs) of geographically immobile young adults in higher education institutions (HEI). We use data from a survey of students in two locations in Denmark: the peripheral city of Esbjerg and the metropolis of Copenhagen. We categorise students with diverse geographical mobility backgrounds into four (im)mobility types: ‘local stayers’, ‘regional commuters’, ‘regional in-movers’, and ‘distant in-movers’. The paper explores LSIAs across (im)mobility type and location type. We find that immobile students are more likely to have a connection to, and experience with, the local labour market, to be satisfied with their social life, and to live with their parents compared with their geographically mobile peers. However, the advantages differ in type and amount between the peripheral and the urban case locations. We conclude that immobility should be (re)framed as an advantageous strategy for some young adults in early higher education

Evaluering af forsøgsordning med elektriske løbehjul: Artikel

I juli 2018 og januar 2019 begyndte forsøgsordninger for speed pedelecs, elektriske løbehjul (el-løbehjul), elektriske skateboards og selvbalancerende køretøjer, hvor disse køretøjer er blevet lovlige at bruge på offentlige veje og stier. Den første evaluering af disse forsøgsordninger er gennemført fra september 2019 – januar 2020. Via Trafik har haft ansvar for de dele af evalueringen, som omhandler registeret og selvrapporteret adfærd, sikkerhed og holdninger. Denne artikel omhandler udelukkende el-løbehjul, og der fokuseres på den del af evalueringen, som Via Trafik har udarbejdet

C. Historiography : Danish Research from Johannes Østrup (1893) to the Palmyra Portrait Project

Since 2012 the Palmyra Portrait Project research group based at Aarhus University has been working on compiling as comprehensive a corpus of palmyrene funerary sculpture as possible . At present the corpus includes more than 3300 portraits, which is far beyond what any scholar thought still existed of these portraits . The corpus is currently being prepared for final publication. The corpus makes up the largest group of portraits stemming from the Roman period and coming from outside Rome its..

Identification of novel Bach2 transcripts and protein isoforms through tagging analysis of retroviral integrations in B-cell lymphomas

BACKGROUND: The Bach2 gene functions as a transcriptional repressor in B-cells, showing high expression level only before the plasma cell stage. Several lines of evidence indicate that Bach2 is a B-cell specific tumor suppressor. We here address patterns of insertional mutagenesis and expression of Bach2 is a murine retroviral model of B-cell lymphoma induction. RESULTS: We report that the Bach2 gene is a target of proviral integrations in B-cell lymphomas induced by murine leukemia virus. An alternative Bach2 promoter was identified within intron 2 and this promoter was activated in one of the tumors harboring proviral integration. The alternative promoter was active in both normal and tumor tissue and the tissue specificity of the two Bach2 promoters was similar. Three different alternatively used Bach2 terminal exons were identified to be located in intron 4. The inclusion of these exons resulted in the generation of Bach2 mRNA with open reading frames lacking the bZIP DNA binding domain present in the normal Bach2 protein, but retaining a partial BTB protein dimerization domain. Such Bach2 protein was excluded from the cell nucleus. CONCLUSION: We have identified an alternative promoter and new protein isoforms of Bach2. Our data imply that activation of an alternative promoter by proviral integration serves as a possible mechanism of up-regulation of the Bach2 gene with a potential role in B-cell lymphomagenesis. The finding of novel Bach2 transcripts and protein isoforms will facilitate a better insight into the normal and pathophysiological regulation of the Bach2 gene