Effects of cold exposure on Tenebrio molitor (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) pupal period, proportion of adult emergence, weight and deformation percentage

Low temperatures affect many life history traits of insects. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of duration of cold exposure on the length of Tenebrio molitor’s pupal period, proportion of adult emergence, adult weight and proportion of deformed adults. The trials were conducted in a laboratory in constant conditions with wheat flour and whole-wheat flour meal were used as food. Cold-exposed groups were achieved by exposing pupae taken on the first day after pupation for 1, 3, 5, 10 and 15 days at +4 °C. The results showed that as the period of cold increased, pupal period extended and proportion of deformed adults increased whereas there were no or less straightforward effects on adult weights and proportion of emerged adults, respectivel

KNOWLEDGE LEVELS OF PROSPECTIVE SCIENCE TEACHERS ON THE SUBJECT OF CARBOHYDRATES

The purpose of this study is to measure the knowledge levels of prospective science teachers who took General Biology I course on the subject of carbohydrates and to find out their misconceptions. The study was conducted with 35 prospective teachers in their third year at Sinop University, Faculty of Education Science teaching department. Qualitative research design was used in this study. The students were given a form consisting of 10 open-ended questions about carbohydrates. The data obtained were analyzed with content analysis method. It was found that students could not remember some important concepts about carbohydrates or that they had incomplete or incorrect information. Taking the results into consideration, various recommendations were made to correct the incomplete or incorrect information and to reach permanent knowledge.  Article visualizations

Evaluation of self-esteem and dermatological quality of life in adolescents with atopic dermatitis

Background and Design: Atopic dermatitis is a chronic, inflammatory skin disease characterized by itchy skin lesions. Since adolescents are intensely interested in their physical appearance, chronic skin diseases in this period can adversely affect the development of self esteem. Atopic dermatitis is a skin disease that affects the appearance and there is an heightened attention to the body image in adolescence which is an important period of time in the development of self-esteem. Therefore, we aimed to investigate self-esteem and dermatological quality of life in adolescents with atopic dermatitis. Materials and Methods: Thirty-three patients with atopic dermatitis and 33 healthy controls were included in the study. The Piers-Harris Children’s Self-Concept Scale and the Children’s Dermatology Life Quality Index (CDLQI) were used for determining self-esteem and quality of life. The Scoring of Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD) Index was used to assess the severity of atopic dermatitis. Results: It was found that patient group had lower self-esteem than healthy controls according to the Piers-Harris Children’s Self-Concept Scale. A statistically significant difference was observed in happiness/satisfaction and anxiety subscale scores between the patients and healthy controls while there was no significant difference between the other sub-scale scores. Mean value of dermatological quality of life in patients with atopic dermatitis was significantly lower than in healthy controls. A moderate negative correlation was found between self-esteem and CDLQI scores among adolescents with atopic dermatitis. Discussion: This study results have shown that self-esteem and dermatological quality of life were adversely affected in adolescents with atopic dermatitis irrespective of gender. These patients should be examined psychiatrically besides dermatological examination and treatment. We suggest that improvement will be observed in self-esteem and quality of life of adolescents with atopic dermatitis by providing the necessary psychosocial support

COVID-19 in pediatric nephrology centers in Turkey

Background/aim: There is limited data on COVID-19 disease in children with kidney disease. We aimed to investigate the characteristics and prognosis of COVID-19 in pediatric nephrology patients in Turkey. Materials and methods: This was a national, multicenter, retrospective cohort study based on an online survey evaluating the data between 11th March 2020 and 11th March 2021 as an initial step of a detailed pediatric nephrology COVID-19 registry. Results: Two hundred and three patients (89 girls and 114 boys) were diagnosed with COVID-19. One-third of these patients (36.9%) were between 10–15 years old. Half of the patients were on kidney replacement therapy: kidney transplant (KTx) recipients (n = 56, 27.5%), patients receiving chronic hemodialysis (n = 33, 16.3%) and those on peritoneal dialysis (PD) (n = 18, 8.9%). Fifty-four (26.6%) children were asymptomatic. Eighty-two (40.3%) patients were hospitalized and 23 (28%) needed intensive care unit admission. Fifty-five percent of the patients were not treated, while the remaining was given favipiravir (20.7%), steroid (16.3%), and hydroxychloroquine (11.3%). Acute kidney injury developed in 19.5% of hospitalized patients. Five (2.4%) had MIS-C. Eighty-three percent of the patients were discharged without any apparent sequelae, while 7 (3.4%) died. One hundred and eight health care staff were infected during the study period. Conclusion: COVID-19 was most commonly seen in patients who underwent KTx and received HD. The combined immunosuppressive therapy and frequent exposure to the hospital setting may increase these patients’ susceptibility. Staff infections before vaccination era were alarming, various precautions should be taken for infection control, particularly optimal vaccination coverage

The effect of three different temperatures on the lipid and fatty acid amount in Acanthoscelides obtectus say 1931 (Bruchidae:Coleoptera) for adults

Üç farklı sıcaklıkta A. obtectus Say, 1931 (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) erginlerinde toplam yağ, toplam yağ asidi ile yağ asitlerinin çeşit ve miktarlarının yaşa ve eşeye bağlı olarak değişimi incelendi. Denemeler 15, 20 ve 30±2ºC ve % 65±5 nisbi nem içeren laboratuar şartlarında yapıldı. Denemeler sırasında herhangi bir fotoperyot rejimi uygulanmadı. Erginlerin sahip oldukları yağ asitlerinin çeşit ve miktarları gaz kromatografisi ile tayin edildi. Çalışılan tüm sıcaklıklarda toplam yağ miktarı her iki eşeyde yaş ve sıcaklık artışına paralel olarak azaldı. Toplam yağ asidi miktarları genel olarak sıcaklık artışına paralel olarak artmıştır. Buna karşılık toplam yağ asidi miktarları yaş artışına bağlı olarak önce artmış sonra azalmıştır. A. obtectus erginlerinde kaprilik asit, kaprik asit, laurik asit, miristik asit, palmitik asit, palmitoleik asit, stearik asit, oleik asit, linolelaidik asit, linoleik asit, linolenik+cis-11-eikosenoik asit, cis-11,14-eikosadienoik asit, cis-13,16-dokosadienoik asit ve cis-5,8,11,14,17-eikosapentaenoik asit olmak üzere 15 yağ asidi tespit edildi. Bunlardan oleik ve palmitik asit dominant yağ asitleri olarak belirlendi. Üç farklı sıcaklıkta genel olarak tespit edilen yağ asitlerinin çeşitleri sabit kalırken, yağ asitlerinin miktarının sıcaklığa, eşeye, yaşa ve yağ asidi çeşidine bağlı olarak değiştiği tespit edilmiştir.At three different temperatures the total lipids, total fatty acids and fatty acid types and amounts were investigated at differrent age groups in both sexes of A. obtectus Say, 1931 (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) adults. The study was carried out under laboratory conditions at 15, 20 and 30±2o The amount of total lipids decreased in both sexes when age and temperature increased. However, amount of total fatty acids generally increased with temperature, but it firstly increased and then decreased with age. Fifteen different fatty acids were determined in A. obtectus adults. They were capryrlic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, palmitoleic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linolelaidic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic+cis-11-eicosenoic acid, cis-11,14-eicosadienoic acid, cis-13,16-docosadienoic acid ve cis-5,8,11,14,17-eicosapentaenoic acid. Two of them oleic and palmitic acids were found to be dominant. The types of fatty acid present were the same at the three different temperatures but their amounts changed depending on temperature, sex, age and the fatty acid type. C and 65±5 % relative humidity. No specific photoperiodic regimen was used throughout the study. The types and amount of fatty acids in adults were determined by gas chromotography

Effects of Different Photoperiods on Pupal Period, Pre-Adult Development Time and Adult Longevity of Achroia Grisella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

Farklı fotoperiyotların Achroia grisella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)’nın pupal periyot, ergin öncesi toplamgelişim süresi ve ömür uzunluğuna etkisi 282C ve %655 nispi nem içeren laboratuvar koşullarındaincelendi. Denemelerde 18 saat aydınlık; 6 saat karanlık (18A;6K), 12 saat karanlık; 12 saat aydınlık(12A;12K), 6 saat aydınlık; 18 saat karanlık (6A;18K), devamlı aydınlık (DA) ve devamlı karanlık (DK)olmak üzere beş farklı fotoperiyot rejimi uygulandı. Erginlerin ve larvaların beslenmesi balsızpeteklerle sağlandı. Ergin öncesi toplam gelişim süresi en uzun DA şartlarda (49.233.10 gün), enkısa ise DK şartlarda (40.262.79 gün) oldu. Pupal periyot süresinin DA, 18A;6K, 12A;12K, 6A;18K veDK şartlarda sırasıyla 7.030.71, 6.760.85, 6.830.74, 6.100.66, 6.600.77 gün olduğu görüldü. Enkısa pupal periyot süresi 6A;18K şartlarda olurken, en uzun pupal periyot süresi DA şartlarda oldu.Ömür uzunluğu açısından tüm fotoperiyotlarda erkeklerin dişilerden daha fazla yaşadığı tespit edildi.Farklı fotoperiyotlarda erkeklerde ömür uzunluğu bütün gruplarda birbirine yakın olurken gruplararasındaki fark önemsiz bulundu. Dişilerdeki en kısa ömür uzunluğunun 6A;18K ve DK şartlardaolduğu görüldü. Dişilerde genel olarak aydınlık şartların fazla olduğu koşullarda, ömür uzunluğununda arttığı tespit edildi.The effect of different photoperiods on the pupal period, pre-adult total developmental period andlongevity of Achroia grisella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) was investigated at 28 2C and 65 5%relative humidity. Five different photoperiod regimens (eighteen hours of light, six hours of dark(18L;6D), twelve hours of light, twelve hours of dark (12L;12D), six hours of light, eighteen hours ofdark (6L;18D), continuous light (CL) and continuous dark (CD)) were applied in experimental studies.The adults and larvae were fed with combs which did not have honey. The longest pre-adult totaldevelopmental period was obtained on CL conditions (49.23 3.10 days), while the shortest pre-adulttotal developmental period was with CD conditions (40.26 2.79 days). Pupal period was found as7.03 0.71, 6.76 0.85, 6.83 0.74, 6.10 0.66, and 6.60 0.77 days under CL, 18L;6D, 12L;12D,6L;18D and CD conditions, respectively. The shortest value of pupal period was on 6L;18D whereasthe longest value was with CL. In terms of longevity, males lived longer than females under allphotoperiod conditions. Male longevity was almost constant among different photoperiod groups.The shortest longevity in females was found under 6L;18D and CD conditions. In general, femaleswere found to have increased longevity under longer light conditions

Effects of Continuous Ligth and Darkness on the Total Lipid Amounts of Achroia grisella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)’s Different Ages Adults

Achroia grisella (küçük kovan güvesi) arıcılıkta peteklere zarar veren bir türdür. Bu türün larvaları kovanlarda ciddi zararlara yol açarlar. Bu böcekle yapılacak mücadelede ve laboratuvar çalışmalarında biyolojik özelliklerinin bilinmesi önemlidir. Fotoperiyot canlılarda birçok metabolik ve fizyolojik faaliyeti etkiler. Bu çalışmada, devamlı aydınlık (DA) ve devamlı karanlığın (DK) farklı yaşlardaki A. grisella (küçük kovan güvesi) erginlerinin total lipit miktarına etkisi araştırıldı. Denemeler 28 ± 2 °C ve % 65 ± 5 nisbi nem içeren laboratuvar şartlarında yapıldı. Analizler için stoklanan örneklerdeki total lipit miktarının belirlenmesinde Van Handel [16]’in geliştirmiş olduğu yöntem esas alındı. Farklı fotoperiyot rejimleri 40 wattlık floresans ampullerle sağlandı. Her iki fotoperiyot rejiminde 100 mg ergindeki lipit miktarı her iki eşeyde de yaşla birlikte azalma gösterdi. Her iki fotoperiyot rejiminde yetiştirilen erginlerde dişilerin total olarak erkeklerden daha fazla lipit içerdiği tespit edildi.Achroia grisella is a harmful species for combs and it’s larvae are known as causing serious damages in beekeeping. It is important to know the biological characteristics of this insect for biological control and laboratory studies. Photoperiod affects many metabolic and physiological activities of organisms. In this study, were investigated the effect on the amount of total lipid in continuous light and continuous darkness in A. grisella that different age. Studies were carried out under the laboratory conditions at 28 ± 2 ° C temperature and 65 % ± 5 relative humidity. Illumination was done with 40 W fluorescent bulbs in different photoperiod regimes. Calculating the amount of lipids for analysis, van Handel (1985) test was used. Both females and males, the amounts of lipids decreased as the adult aging. Results from this study is show that increase of dark period, caused decrease amounts of lipids. The amount of lipid in females is more than those observed for males

Effects of Different Temperatures on the Total Carbohydrate, Lipid and Protein Amounts of the Bean Beetle, Acanthoscelides obtectus Say (Coleoptera: Bruchidae).

This study investigates the effects of different temperatures on the total carbohydrate, lipid and protein amounts of Acanthoscelides obtectus Say, which is a common cereal pest. Studies have been carried out under laboratory conditions at 20 +/- 2 degrees C, 30 +/- 2 degrees C and 60 +/- 5% relative humidity. No specific photoperiodic regimen has been used throughout the study. Total carbohydrate, protein and lipid amounts for females at 20 degrees C were 61.74, 35.77 and 83.79 microg/individual, respectively, whereas the amounts for males were 34.94, 29.53 and 57.98 microg/individual, respectively. At 30 degrees C, total carbohydrate, protein and lipid amounts for females were 92.00, 42.18 and 83.26 microg/individual, respectively. The amounts at the same temperature for males were 43.34, 34.08 and 52.19 microg/individual, respectively. In both sexes, total carbohydrate and protein amounts at 30 degrees C were higher than those at 20 degrees C whereas this was not true for total lipid amounts