The Association of Viral Infection and Acute Leukemia in Childhood: Two Case Reports

Hepatitis A and Measles are the most common viral infection in pediatric patients. Viral infections causes to serious problem in immunocompromised patients such as acute leukemias. It is known that some viral infection agent causes hematologic malignancies. We report here two patient with acute leukemias who admitted to our clinic with similar to viral infection. The first case is a patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) presented with ascites and pleural effusion. In this patient, the major clinical problem is hepatitis A. The second case is a patient with ALL who admitted with symptoms of measles. We discussed here, some viral infections may cause to leukemia and those may be associated with leukemias

Conjunctival Impression Cytology and Bulbar Surface Epithelium Changes in Patients with Psoriasis

In this study, we evaluated bulbar surface epithelium changes with conjunctival impression cytology (IC) in patients with psoriasis. Our study group consisted of 32 psoriatic patients (64 eyes), who were followed up at Dermatology Department of Dicle University Hospital. Control group comprised 32 healthy volunteers (64 eyes) who had no abnormality on routine ophthalmological examination and were in the same age and sex distribution. Specimens for conjunctival IC were obtained with a cellulose acetate filter paper from the upper bulbar conjunctiva and fixed with 70 % ethyl alcohol, 37 % formaldehyde and 20:1:1 glicial asetic acid solution. Specimens were stained with periodic acid Schiff’s and Hematoxylin-eosin. The grades of Nelson system were evaluated with light microscopy. Of the patients with psoriasis, 39 % had grade 0, 36 % grade I, and 25 % grade II conjunctival IC differentiation compared with 78, 22, and 0 %, respectively in the control group (p< 0.001). Snake-like appearance of nuclear chromatin in conjunctival epithelial cells was demonstrated in 3 % of eyes in group I but in no eyes in group II. In conclusion, we showed that there could be early conjunctival changes and squamose metaplasia as well as increased goblet cell density in patients with psoriasis when compared with control group

An unexpected cause of small bowel obstruction in an adult patient: Midgut volvulus

The most important complication of intestinal malrotation is midgut volvulus because it may lead to intestinal ischaemia and necrosis. A 29-year-old male patient was admitted to the emergency department with abdominal pain. Ultrasonography (US), colour Doppler ultrasonography (CDUS), CT and barium studies were carried out. On US and CDUS, twisting of intestinal segments around the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) and superior mesenteric vein (SMV) and alteration of the SMA-SMV relationship were detected. CT demonstrated that the small intestine was making a rotation around the SMA and SMV, which amounted to more than 360°. The upper gastrointestinal barium series revealed a corkscrew appearance of the duodenum and proximal jejunum, which is a pathognomonic finding of midgut volvulus. Prior knowledge of characteristic imaging findings of midgut volvulus is essential in order to reach proper diagnosis and establish proper treatment before the development of intestinal ischaemia and necrosis. Copyright 2014 BMJ Publishing Group. All rights reserved

Non-Traumatic Subcapsular Spleen Hematoma in a Patient with Brucellosis

Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease. A characteristic clinical findings are fever, headache, arthralgia and splenomegali. Brucellosis occurs after direct contact with an infected animal or consumption of products of an infected animal. Subcapsular hematoma in the spleen is very rare complication of brucella infection. We report here, an 11 year old patient with brucellosis who admitted to our clinic with subcapsular non-traumatic spleen hematoma. Hematoma and clinical findings were resolved with doxicyclin and streptomycin combination. We emphasised that brucella infection should be keept in mind when non-traumatic subcapsular spleen hematoma occur

The role of color on the assessment of retail space : restaurant atmospherics

Ankara : The Department of Interior Architecture and Environmental Design and the Institute of Fine Arts of Bilkent University, 2009.Thesis (Master's) -- Bilkent University, 2009.Includes bibliographical references leaves 59-64.This study aims to search the effects of color on user perception and evaluation of restaurant atmospherics. A case study was designed and done with three types of restaurant (lower class, middle class and upper class) using eight basic colors (purple, pink, red, orange, brown, yellow, green and blue). Undergraduate students of the Department of Interior Architecture and Environmental Design at Bilkent University participated in this research. According to the findings of the research, color preferences were effective on certain user perceptions. Results indicated that warm colors are preferred more than cool colors in general. It was found that participants associated lower prices more with warm colors. Contrary to the expectations, gender differences in relation to color preference were not found in this study.Söker, Meliha BegümM.S

Surgical Success Rates for Horizontal Concomitant Deviations According to the Type and Degree of Deviation

We evaluated the correlation with success rates and deviation type and degree inhorizontal concomitant deviations. 104 horizontal concomitan strabismus cases whowere operated in our clinic between January 1994 – December 2000 were included in thestudy. 56 cases undergone recession-resection procedure in the same eye 19 cases twomuscle recession and one muscle resection, 20 cases two muscle recession, 9 cases onlyone muscle recession. 10 ± prism diopter deviation in postoperative sixth monthexamination was accepted as surgical success.Surgical success rate was 90% and 89.3% in the cases with deviation angle of 15-30and 31-50 prism diopter respectively. Success rate was 78.9% if the angle was more than50 prism diopter. According to strabismus type when surgical success rate examined; inalternan esotropia 88.33%, in alternan exotropia 84.6%, in monocular esotropia 88%and in monocular exotropia 83.3% success was fixed. Statistically significant differencewas not found between strabismus type and surgical success rate. The binocular visiongaining rate was found as 51.8% after the treatment of cases.In strabismus surgery, preoperative deviation angle was found to be an effectivefactor on the success rate

B12 Vitamin and Folat Prevelance of Children and Adolescents in Diyarbakır

The most common cause of megaloblastic anemia in childhood are vitamin B12 and folat deficiency. Folat and vitamin B12 play a role in DNA synthessis in gastrointestinal, urogenital,nerves and hemotopoetic cells. The diagnosis of megaloblastic anemia is easy and the treatment cost is low.In this study, the prevalence of vitamin B12 and folat deficiencies in 889 students were determined. Vitamin B12 and folat levels in blood samples were measured via RİAThe average age were betwen 12 and 22 years. Of this students 294(%33,1) were female and 595 (%66,9) were male. The incidence of vitamin B12 deficiency was found to be 2.2%, while folat deficiency was 21.8%. The mean vitamin B12 level was 331,51±144,05 pg/mL (325,60±138,91 in pg/mL male, 343,48±153,48 pg/mL in female), the mean folat level was 5,42±2,12 ng/ml (5,23±2,11 ng/ml in male, 5,80±2,10 ng/ml in female).The prevelance of folat deficiency in our region was higher than other countries, possibly due to low socioeconomical status, improper or inadequate food intake and low educational status

Mutation analysis in a German family identified a new cataract-causing allele in the CRYBB2 gene

The study demonstrates the functional candidate gene analysis in a cataract family of German descent. METHODS: We screened a German family, clinically documented to have congenital cataracts, for mutation in the candidate genes CRYG (A to D) and CRYBB2 through polymerase chain reaction analyses and sequencing. RESULTS: Congenital cataract was first observed in a daughter of healthy parents. Her two children (a boy and a girl) also suffer from congenital cataracts and have been operated within the first weeks of birth. Morphologically, the cataract is characterized as nuclear with an additional ring-shaped cortical opacity. Molecular analysis revealed no causative mutation in any of the CRYG genes. However, sequencing of the exons of the CRYBB2 gene identified a sequence variation in exon 5 (383 A&gt;T) with a substitution of Asp to Val at position 128. All three affected family members revealed this change but it was not observed in any of the unaffected persons of the family. The putative mutation creates a restriction site for the enzyme TaiI. This mutation was checked for in controls of randomly selected DNA samples from ophthalmologically normal individuals from the population-based KORA S4 study (n=96) and no mutation was observed. Moreover, the Asp at position 128 is within a stretch of 12 amino acids, which are highly conserved throughout the animal kingdom. For the mutant protein, the isoelectric point is raised from pH 6.50 to 6.75. Additionally, the random coil structure of the protein between the amino acids 126-139 is interrupted by a short extended strand structure. In addition, this region becomes hydrophobic (from neutral to +1) and the electrostatic potential in the region surrounding the exchanged amino acid alters from a mainly negative potential to an enlarged positive potential. CONCLUSIONS: The D128V mutation segregates only in affected family members and is not seen in representative controls. It represents the first mutation outside exon 6 of the human CRYBB2 gene