ASPECTOS ETIOLÓGICOS E EPIDEMIOLÓGICOS DO ABORTO EQÜINO

Para a investigação das causas de aborto eqüino na região de Curitiba, realizou-se a coleta e processamento do material de casos de aborto para bacteriologia, virologia e histologia; e um levantamento estatístico geral dos casos de aborto. Durante três anos, foram acompanhadas 674 gestações, das quais 9,2% resultaram em aborto. Com relação a abortos gemelares, verificou-se um índice de 4,5% em um total de 132 casos analisados. O material de 21 fetos foi processado com o intuito de isolar-se o Herpesvírus eqüino tipo 1, obtendo-se o isolamento em 4 casos (19,0%). Foram examinados para bacteriologia um total de 38 fetos, dos quais 44,7% foram considerados bacteriologicamente positivos. As bactérias isoladas com maior freqüência foram: Streptococcus spp., Klebsiella spp., Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas spp. e Staphylococcus spp.. Foram descritas as alterações encontradas no exame histológico da maioria dos casos de aborto de origem bacteriana e viral. Abstract This research was undertaken with the aim of establishing the main causes of equine abortion in the Curitiba area. It has been established that during the period of three years occurred a total of 9.2 per cent abortions among 674 gestations studied. From 50 aborted fetuses, different biological material was collected for bacteriology, virus and histopathology analysis. A total of 4.5 per cent of twin abortions were observed among 132 cases of abortions studied. The equine Herpesvirus type 1 has been successfully isolated from 4 cases, among 21 fetuses studied. On the other hand, 44.7 per cent from 38 fetuses studied were considered positive for bacteriological testing. The most frequent bacteria recovered were Streptococcus spp., Klebsiella spp., Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas spp. and Staphylococcus spp. The alterations found in the histological examination of the majority of bacteriological and virological abortion cases were desccribed

Molecular identification and antimicrobial susceptibility of Nocardia spp. isolated from bovine mastitis in Brazil

Nocardia spp. infections can cause severe damage to the mammary gland due to suppurative pyogranulomatous lesions and lack of clinical cure in response to conventional antimicrobial therapy. Although Nocardia infections are considered relatively uncommon in cows, there has been an apparent worldwide increase in the incidence of bovine mastitis caused by Nocardia spp, perhaps due to environmental transmission of this ubiquitous pathogen. The objectives of present study were to determine: (i) species distribution of 80 Nocardia isolates involved in bovine mastitis (based on molecular methods); and (ii) antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of all isolates from three geographical areas in Brazil. In this study, Nocardia nova (80%) was the most frequently isolated species, followed by Nocardia farcinica (9%). Additionally, Nocardia puris, Nocardia cyriacigeorgica, Nocardia veterana, Nocardia africana, and Nocardia arthritidis were detected using 16S rRNA sequencing. This is apparently the first report of N. puris, N. veterana, N. cyriacigeorgica, N. arthritidis and N. africana in association with bovine mastitis. Based on the disk diffusion test, isolates were most frequently resistant to cloxacillin (75%), ampicillin (55%) and cefoperazone (47%), whereas few Nocardia spp. were resistant to amikacin, cefuroxime or gentamicin. © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved