How tumour cell identity is established?

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Cancer Stem Cells

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Stem cell reprogramming as a driver of cancer: Implications in its development and treatment

Trabajo presentado al VI Simposium de Bases Biológicas del Cáncer y Terapias Personalizadas, celebrado en Salamanca (España) del 22 al 23 de mayo de 2014.Peer Reviewe

TTˉ\sqrt{T\bar{T}}-deformed oscillator inspired by ModMax

Inspired by a recently proposed Duality and Conformal invariant modification of Maxwell theory (ModMax), we construct a one-parameter family of two-dimensional dynamical system in classical mechanics that share many features with the ModMax theory. It consists of a couple of $\sqrt{T\bar{T}}$-deformed oscillators that nevertheless preserves duality $(q \rightarrow p,p \rightarrow -q)$ and depends on a continuous parameter $\gamma$, as in the ModMax case. Despite its non-linear features, the system is integrable. Remarkably can be interpreted as a pair of two coupled oscillators whose frequencies depend on some basic invariants that correspond to the duality symmetry and rotational symmetry. Based on the properties of the model, we can construct a non-linear map dependent on $\gamma$ that maps the oscillator in 2D to the nonlinear one, but with parameter $2\gamma$. The dynamics also shows the phenomenon of energy transfer and we calculate a Hannay angle associated to geometric phases and holonomies.Comment: 20 pages, 3 figures, typos fixed, references adde

Infection causes childhood leukemia

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License.-- Editorial.Peer Reviewe

Genetically engineered mouse models of human B-cell precursor leukemias

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non-Commercial License.B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemias (pB-ALLs) are the most frequent type of malignancies of the childhood, and also affect an important proportion of adult patients. In spite of their apparent homogeneity, pB-ALL comprises a group of diseases very different both clinically and pathologically, and with very diverse outcomes as a consequence of their biology, and underlying molecular alterations. Their understanding (as a prerequisite for their cure) will require a sustained multidisciplinary effort from professionals coming from many different fields. Among all the available tools for pB-ALL research, the use of animal models stands, as of today, as the most powerful approach, not only for the understanding of the origin and evolution of the disease, but also for the development of new therapies. In this review we go over the most relevant (historically, technically or biologically) genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMs) of human pB-ALLs that have been generated over the last 20 years. Our final aim is to outline the most relevant guidelines that should be followed to generate an “ideal” animal model that could become a standard for the study of human pB-ALL leukemia, and which could be shared among research groups and drug development companies in order to unify criteria for studies like drug testing, analysis of the influence of environmental risk factors, or studying the role of both low-penetrance mutations and cancer susceptibility alterations.This work was supported by the German “Bundesamt fur Strah-lenschutz (BfS)” pilot project on childhood leukemia no. 3612S70029. JH has been supported by the German Children’s Cancer Foundation and from the “Forschungskommission” of the medical faculty of the Heinrich Heine University and the “Strategischer Forschungsfond” of the Heinrich-Heine-University. AB has been supported by the German Children’s Cancer Foundation and the Federal Ministry of Education and Research, Bonn, Germany. Research in ISG group is partially supported by FEDER and by MICINN (SAF2012-32810), by NIH grant (R01 CA109335-04A1), by Junta de Castilla y León (BIO/SA06/13) and by the ARIMMORA project (FP7-ENV-2011, European Union Seventh Framework Program). ISG lab is a member of the EuroSyStem and the DECIDE Network funded by the European Union under the FP7 program. Research at CC’s lab was partially supported by FEDER, Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias (PI13/00160), CSIC P.I.E., Junta de Castilla y León, and from an institutional grant from the Fundación Ramón Areces.Peer Reviewe

Los documentos publicitarios en archivos fílmicos: importancia, escenario actual y dificultad de análisis

La publicidad ha sido escuela de grandes cineastas, por eso no sorprende que entre los documentos que ellos donan a las filmotecas figuren algunos de contenido publicitario. Sin embargo, estos no siempre están correctamente identificados y, por ende, su disponibilidad y uso es bastante limitado. En este artículo se describe la cantidad y variedad de esta clase de documentos que se conservan en las filmotecas nacionales; se destaca su importancia como fuentes de información primaria para entender la historia de la publicidad en particular y la del cine en general; y se explican algunas de las dificultades y retos que presenta su análisis documental. Desafíos que estriban no sólo en la cantidad de trabajo por hacer, sino en: 1) la falta de una metodología pertinente que destaque las características propias de los documentos publicitarios y se adecue, al mismo tiempo, a las necesidades de las diferentes filmotecas que los conservan y 2) la carencia de recursos y personal cualificado. [ABSTRACT] Many important filmmakers have perfected their cinematographic technique by filming advertisements. For this reason, it is not surprising that advertising materials are often included when filmmakers donate their work to a film archive. However, these materials are not always properly catalogued and their dissemination and use is quite limited. This paper describes the quantity and variety of advertising documents preserved in the Spanish film archives, emphasizes their importance as primary information sources for understanding the history of advertising in particular and of cinematography in general, and explains some of the difficulties and challenges of analysing them as documents. The challenge of documentary control of these materials lies not only in the amount of work, but 1) the lack of a methodology that encompasses all documentary procedures and 2) the lack of qualified personnel

Hit-and-run lymphomagenesis by the Bcl6 Oncogene

Editorials: Cell Cycle FeaturesPeer Reviewe