Association between Asymptomatic Hyperuricemia with Adiposity Indices: A Cross-Sectional Study in a Spanish Population

Introduction: New anthropometric indices have been developed as an alternative to body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) to assess body mass and visceral fat. Asymptomatic hyperuricemia is considered an independent cardiovascular risk factor. Currently, little is known about the relationship between asymptomatic hyperuricemia and several new anthropometric indices. This study aimed to assess the association between the presence of asymptomatic hyperuricemia and anthropometric indices, both novel and traditional. Methods: This study analyzed 1094 Spanish subjects who consecutively visited the cardiovascular risk consultation of the University Hospital San Pedro de Alcántara of Cáceres, Spain, between June 2021 and September 2022. Anthropometric measures, including traditional and novel indices, were determined. The asymptomatic hyperuricemia group was defined according to serum uric acid levels. Results: All the anthropometric indices studied, including new and traditional, were significantly greater among patients with asymptomatic hyperuricemia, except for WWI. In multiple linear regression analysis, serum uric acid levels were significantly correlated with BMI, WHR, WHtR, AVI, BAI, BRI, CUN-BAE, and WWI but not ABSI or CI. In the univariate analysis, all indices were associated with asymptomatic hyperuricemia (p p = 0.044), AVI (adjusted OR: 1.46; 95% CI: 1.04–2.04; p = 0.026), and BRI (adjusted OR: 1.66; 95% CI: 1.19–2.32; p = 0.003) were significantly associated in multivariate analysis. Finally, WHtR, AVI, and BRI provided the largest AUCs. Conclusions: Our findings showed that WHtR, AVI, and BRI were independently positively associated with asymptomatic hyperuricemia and could be good predictors

Sustained low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol <70 mg/dl is associated with improved cardiovascular outcomes in the clinical setting

Background and aims: Clinical trials have shown that intensive low- density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL- C) lowering improves cardiovascular outcomes among patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), but data are limited in real clinical practice, particularly for patients with ASCVD inform-ing different territories. Methods: FRENA was a prospective registry of consecutive outpatients with cor-onary, cerebrovascular or peripheral artery disease. We compared the incidence of recurrent events in patients with sustained LDL- C levels <70 mg/dl compared with those with ≥70 mg/dl. Results: As of December 2018, 1182 patients were eligible for this study. Among them, 172 (14.5%) had mean LDL- C levels ≤70 mg/dl, and 1010 (85.5%) had <70 mg/dl. Their clinical characteristics at baseline were similar. During 5 years of follow- up, 252 patients (21%) suffered major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). The incidence rates of MACE were 3.42 events per 100 patient- years (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 2.17– 5.14) in patients with levels <70 mg/dl and 5.57 (95% CI, 4.87– 6.34) in those with ≥70 mg/dl; the rate ratio was 0.61 (95% CI, 0.39– 0.92), p = 0.019. On multivariable analysis, patients with LDL- C levels <70 mg/dl were at lower risk for MACE (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.61 [95% CI, 0.39– 0.93] p < 0.05). MACE reduction was driven by a decrease in coronary and peripheral events with no significant effect on stroke. Conclusions: Long- term sustained LDL- C <70 mg/dl in the clinical practice is associated with reduction in cardiovascular and peripheral vascular events with no apparent effect on stroke.peerReviewe