The Political Postulates Constructed in the Epic Perunkathai

During Sangam era, petty kings those who were ruling small territories or emperors who conquered many countries and built empires have followed monarchy. This was told in verses of Purananuru (400 heroic poems about kings). It said that, kingdom is hereditary; after a king, only his son has the right to rule his empire. Elderly son takes the crown and his siblings govern and support him in ruling the kingdom. The eldest one who got the right to rule differ themselves according to their mind-set. It will be a burden for those who just depend on tax collection from the people of his kingdom. Whereas it will be as easy as carrying a weight less cork for those who has nobility and excellence. Similarly, an epic King named Udhayanan, who has the right and qualities of a King was crowned by his uncle Vikkiran to rule Vaishali in his young age. This article researches and analyses the political ethics of King Udhayanan through the Tamil poem Perungathai (A Tamil poem that portraits history of King Udhayaṇan)

UWB LOCALIZATION OF NODES FOR SECURING A MANET

ABSTRACT Localization of nodes in an infrastructure less network serves many purposes. Several issues relating to security, routing, etc it can be solved if only the actual location of nodes were known. Existing approaches estimate the location of a node in a network by using received signal strength indicator (RSSI), Time of Arrival, Time difference of Arrival and, if directional antennas are available, Direction of Arrival. In these methods the localization accuracy is less (in the order of 20cm). The aim of this paper is to localize nodes in adhoc networks with improved accuracy using ultra wide band.The proposed method uses a train of low amplitude pulses of high bandwidth, which reduces the energy consumption, effects due to small scale fading, and dispersion in time and frequency. The network was simulated in NS-2 with UWB extension and the localization accuracy was found to be improved (upto 1cm)